MANEGOLD of LAUTENBACH (Mangelodus, *Mangeladus, Monigadus, Maingandus* de L. Tutinbach, *Luttenbach, Luttenbach*). — Augustinian theologian and jurist, probably born around the middle of the 11th century. Dean from 1086 of the convent of Rattenbach, in 1090 he founded a convent at Marbach. He took part in the struggle against Henry IV, siding with Gregory VII, whence he was called *Hildebrandinus*. Imprisoned by the Emperor in 1098, he was released before 1103, in which year he is still found at Marbach.
Of his works there were published: the *Liber ad Gebhardum* and the *Opusculum contra Wolfelimum*. Both deal with the juridical-political problem of the relations between Papacy and Empire and of the authority of the State. M. maintains that power derives from God: the papal power directly, so that no one has greater authority than the pope; the civil power, however, though also of divine origin, is conferred upon the sovereign, as an *officium*, by the people, who elect the sovereign itself. The civil power is thus summarized by M.: «Neque eum (regem) populus super se exaltat, ut liberam in se exercendae tyrannidis facultatem concedat, sed ut a tyrannide ceterorum et improbitate defendat». The pope has the task of confirming the election of the sovereign and denouncing any infringements of his duties; but only the people can depose a sovereign who has violated the pact. In the *Opusculum contra Wolfelimum*, M. sets out first to study the relationship between reason and faith. Like Peter Damian before him, he attributes to philosophy a function subordinate to theology, in relation to which it is «tamquam superflua quaedam immensitas». He briefly treats of psychology, cosmology, and theology.
pp. 692; see also: *Hist. littér. de la France*, IX, Paris 1750, pp. 280-90; N. Paulus, *Etudes nouvelles sur M. de L.*, in *Rev. cath. d'Alsace*, new series, 5 (1886), pp. 209-20, 279-89, 337-345; I. A. Endres, *M. von L.*, *Modernorum magistro-martum*, in *Hist. Jahrb.*, 25 (1904), pp. 168-78; M. T. Stead, *M. of L.*, in *Engl. histor. rev.*, 29 (1914), pp. 1-15. Further information in Überweg, II, p. 697; Manilius, III, p. 27; 175-80. Enzo Maccagnolo