B

2,062 articles · English index · Indice italiano

Ba Vol. II, p. 369
BA. - The name that the ancient Egyptians gave to the soul understood as the capacity to survive by assuming different forms, and which in the plural (b 3. iv)…
Ba'albek Vol. II, p. 370
BA'ALBEK. — Ancient city of Celestria between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, at an elevation of 1170 m., in the fertile Bekaa Valley, near the sources of the…
Baader, Franz Xaver Benedict von Vol. II, p. 369
BAADER, FRANZ XAVER BENEDICT von. — Philosopher and theosophist, born in Munich on 27 March 1765, died there on 23 May 1841. He studied medicine at the…
Baal (Ba'al = 'Lord, Master, Owner') (BAAL (BA'AL = «SIGNORE, PADRONE, POSSESSORE»)) Vol. II, p. 369
BAAL (ba'al = «lord, master, possessor»). - Divinity worshipped by almost all peoples of the Near East and in Africa. In the Bible it is designated with the…
Baana (Hebrew: Baʿānāh) (BAANA (EBR. BA'ĀNĀH)) Vol. II, p. 371
BAANA (Hebr. Ba'ānāh). — Commander of a troop of soldiers of Isboseth, son of Saul. Having seen Isboseth’s cause lost after the death of Abner (v.), he…
Baasha (Hebrew: Ba'āh, 'Bold' or 'Wicked') (BAASA (EBR. BA'ĀH « ARDITTO » O « MALEFICO »)) Vol. II, p. 371
BAASA (Heb. Ba'āh “bold” or “maleficent”). — Third king of Israel (908–885 B.C.), son of Ahia, of Issachar, commander of the troops of King Nadab, he killed…
Babaj Bar Nesibnaye (BĀBAJ BAR NĒSĪBNĀJĒ) Vol. II, p. 371
BĀBAJ bar NĒSĪBNĀJĒ. — Nestorian monk of the sixth century, also called the Little One, to distinguish him from Bābaj the Great, with whom he had serious…
Babaj of Gebilta (BĀBAJ DI GĒBILTĀ) Vol. II, p. 371
BĀBAJ di GĒBILTĀ. – Musician of the 8th century, reformer of Nestorian chant, which had greatly declined in his time. He founded 24 (according to others, 60)…
Babaj the Great (BĀBAJ IL GRANDE) Vol. II, p. 371
BĀBAJ il GRANDE. – Nestorian patriarch. Born in 540 at Bēt 'Ajnātā, he was formed under the direction of Abramo di Kaškar (v.), founder of the monastery of…
Babenstuber, Ludwig Vol. II, p. 373
BABENSTUBER, LUDWIG. - Benedictine, b. at Deining (Upper Bavaria) in 1660, d. at Ettal in 1726. Having made his profession in the monastery of Ettal (1682) and…
Babeuf, François-Noël Vol. II, p. 373
BABEUF, FRANÇOIS-NOËL. – Born in Saint-Quentin on 23 November 1760. In his youth he became known for his demagogical writings in the «Correspondant Picard». In…
Babila, Saint, Martyr (BABILA, SANTO, MARTIRE) Vol. II, p. 373
BABILA, saint, martyr. - Bishop of Antiochia, d. in 250. He would be that bishop who did not allow the emperor Filippo to enter the church except after…
Babin, François Vol. II, p. 382
BABIN, FRANÇOIS. - Priest and distinguished moral theologian, b. at Angers on 6 Dec. 1651, d. there on 25 Jan. 1734. At the university he was professor of…
Babington, Anthony Vol. II, p. 382
BABINGTON, ANTHONY. – Englishman, born into a noble and wealthy family at Detwick (Derbyshire) in October 1561, he died in London on 20 September 1586. A…
Babism (BABISMO) Vol. II, p. 382
BABISM. — A new religion, arising in a Shiite Islamic milieu through the work of Sajjid 'Alī Mohammed of Širāz, known as the Bāb. The word bāb (in Arabic,…
Babits, Mihály Vol. II, p. 385
BABITS, MIHÁLY. - Hungarian writer, b. in Szekszárd on Nov. 26, 1883, d. in 1942. He taught philosophy at the Cistercian institute in Baja, but soon abandoned…
Baboccio, Antonio, da Piperno Vol. II, p. 385
BABOCCIO, ANTONIO, da PIPERNO. - Sculptor, born in 1351, died in 1435. In Naples, where he chiefly pursued his activity, there survive the Tomb of Agnese and…
Baburen, Theodoor Dirk van Vol. II, p. 386
BABUREN, THEODOOR DIRK van. – Dutch painter, born perhaps in Utrecht. There he was a pupil of Paulus Moreelse and after 1611 lived for some time in Rome.…
Babut, Étienne-Charles (BABUT, ETIENNE-CHARLES) Vol. II, p. 386
BABUT, ETIENNE-CHARLES. - French historian of Protestant origin, professor of the history of Christianity at the University of Montpellier, killed in action in…
Babylonia of Egypt (BABILONIA D'EGITTO) Vol. II, p. 381
BABILONIA d'Egitto. - A city of ancient Lower Egypt, situated in the region from which the canal from the Nile to the Red Sea began. Despite the legends…
Babylonia of the Chaldeans (BABILONIA DEI CALDEI) Vol. II, p. 381
BABYLONIA of the CHALDEANS. — The patriarch of the Chaldeans (converted from Nestorianism) bears the title of B. The patriarchate was established in 1834 after…
Babylonia of the Latins (BABILONIA DEI LATINI) Vol. II, p. 381
BABILONIA dei LATINI. - B. currently constitutes the title of the archbishop of the Latin see (Babilonensis Latinorum), immediately subject [to the Holy See],…
Babylonia of the Syrians (BABILONIA DEI SIRI) Vol. II, p. 382
BABILONIA of the Syrians. — In 1790 a Syriac Catholic archbishopric was established at Bagdad under the title of B. and with jurisdiction over the region of…
Babylonian Exile (ESILIO BABILONESE) Vol. V, p. 366
ESILIO BABILONESE: V. EBREI (I. STORIA).
Babylonians (BABILONESI) Vol. II, p. 374
BABYLONIANS. - Peoples who, from the dawn of history, inhabited the "land between the two rivers" (Mesopotamia), the Tigris and Euphrates, stretching from…
Bac Ninh, Apostolic Vicariate of (BACNINH, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. II, p. 397
BACNINH, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - On 1 June 1883 the vicariate of Northern Tonkin, which in 1924 took the name of B., was separated from the apostolic…
Baccalaureate, Baccalaureate Degree (BACCELLIERE, BACCELLIERATO) Vol. II, p. 388
BACCELLIERE, BACCELLIERATO. - The name probably derives from the militia and denoted a knight in light armour, obliged to render service (baccelleria) in…
Baccano (ad Baccanas, ad Vacanas) Vol. II, p. 387
BACCANO (Ad Baccanas, ad Vacanas). — Name of a post station at the twenty-first milestone of the Via Cassia, where, near the ascent called clivus Parralis,…
Baccari, Francesco Vol. II, p. 387
BACCARI, FRANCESCO. - Priest, architect, and ascetical writer, b. at Lendinara (Rovigo) on 11 Aug. 1747, d. at Rome on 3 March 1835. At the age of sixteen he…
Baccelli, Liberato Vol. II, p. 387
BACCELLI, LIBERATO. - Piarist physicist, born at Lucca on 18 Nov. 1772, died at Modena on 21 Oct. 1835. He taught physics at Correggio and at the University of…
Bacchanalia (BACCANALI) Vol. II, p. 386
BACCANALI. — Name of a cult celebrated in Rome (Livy, XXXIX, 8 ff.), in luco Similae (Livy XXXIX, 12, 4; cf. CIL, VI, 9897; Schol. ad Juv., 2, 3), on the…
Bacchantes (BACCANTI) Vol. II, p. 387
BACCANTI. — Minor Greek female divinities in the retinue of Dionysus. They were represented with their hair loose, a fawnskin (nebris) over their long robes,…
Baccher, Placido Vol. II, p. 388
BACCHER, PLACIDO. - Venerable, b. in Napoli on 5 Apr. 1781, of a family originating in that city (besides the added surname B., he also bore that of De…
Bacchiacca (BACHIACCA) Vol. II, p. 391
BACHIACCA. - Pseudonym of the painter Francesco Ubertini, born in Florence on 1 March 1494 and died there on 5 October 1557. The first works, and particularly…
Bacchiaro (BACHIARIO) Vol. II, p. 392
BACHIARIO. — Ecclesiastical writer of the beginning of the fifth century. He is the author of two important treatises, De fide and De reparatione lapsi. In the…
Bacchide ('Son of Bacchus') (BACCHIDE («FIGLIO DI BACCO»)) Vol. II, p. 388
BACCHIDES (“son of Bacchus”). — A Syrian general of the Seleucid kingdom, who took part on three occasions in the struggle against the Maccabees in Palestine.…
Bacchini, Benedetto Vol. II, p. 388
BACCHINI, BENEDETTO. - Benedictine and distinguished historian, b. at Borgo S. Donnino on 31 Aug. 1631, d. at Bologna on 1 Sept. 1721. His first literary…
Bacchus, Saint, Martyr (BACCO, SANTO, MARTIRE) Vol. II, p. 389
BACCO, saint, martyr: v. SERGIO e BACCO, santi, martiri.
Bacci, Pietro Giacomo Vol. II, p. 388
BACCI, PIETRO GIACOMO. – From Arezzo, a priest of the Congregation of the Oratory in Rome, where he died in 1656. He is known for his Vita del b. Filippo Neri…
Baccinelli, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 388
BACCINELLI, GIUSEPPE. - Discalced Carmelite, Bernardino di S. Teresa in religion, missionary and bishop; born in Rome (15 March 1807), where he professed on 8…
Baccini, Ida Vol. II, p. 388
BACCINI, IDA. - Born in Firenze in 1850 and died there in 1911, she was a prolific and highly regarded writer, whose work is pervaded by goodness, sincerity,…
Baccio (Baccio Sinibaldi) da Montelupo Vol. II, p. 389
BACCIO (BACCIO SINIBALDI) da MONTELUPO. — Sculptor and architect, born in Montelupo in 1469, died in Lucca in 1535. Among his works are four terracotta statues…
Baccio d'Agnolo Vol. II, p. 389
BACCIO d'AGNOLO. - B. in Florence on 19 May 1462, d. there on 6 May 1547. In his youth he was a woodcarver and executed the choir stalls in S. Maria Novella;…
Bach Vol. II, p. 389
BACH. – Family of musicians, originally from Thuringia, whose progenitor was Veit (Vito), born ca. 1550 and died in 1619. The most notable among the elder…
Bach y Targarona, Pedro Vol. II, p. 393
BACH Y TARGARONA, PEDRO. - Catalan Oratorian, b. 1 May 1796 at San Lorenzo de los Munts (Barcelona), d. at Vich on 6 Jan. 1866. He pursued higher studies at…
Bach, Johann Sebastian (BACH, GIOVANNI SEBASTIANO) Vol. II, p. 391
BACH, GIOVANNI SEBASTIANO - Chorale for organ: "Kom Gott Schöpfer Heiliger Geist" (Veni Deus Creator, Sancte Spiritus). Autograph. Berlin, State Library.…
Bach, Joseph Vol. II, p. 391
BACH, JOSEPH. - Positive theologian, born on 4 March 1833 at Aislingen (Bavaria) and died at Monaco di Baviera on 24 Sept. 1901. Ordained priest in 1856, he…
Bachem, Julius Vol. II, p. 391
BACHEM, JULIUS. — Lawyer, politician, and publicist, born on 2 July 1845 in Mülheim on the Ruhr, died on 22 January 1918 in Cologne. He was one of the…
Bachenstein, Johann von Vol. II, p. 391
BACHENSTEIN, JOHANN von. — Archdeacon of Zagreb, who lived in the fifteenth century. He played an important role at the Council of Basel, where he went in 1432…
Bachofen, Johann Jakob Vol. II, p. 392
BACHOFEN, JOHANN JAKOB. — Jurist, born in Basel on 22 December 1815, died there on 25 November 1887. A disciple of Savigny, he directed his research toward the…
Baciccia (Gaulli, Giovanni Battista), known as (BACICCIA (GAULLI, GIOVAN BATTISTA), DETTO IL) Vol. II, p. 393
BACICCIA (GAULLI, GIOVAN BATTISTA), so called. – Painter, born in Genoa on 8 May 1639, he went to Rome in 1657 and remained there until his death (2 April…
Bacile Vol. II, p. 394
BACILE. – I. IN THE LITURGY. – A large dish, usually made of metal, used for the various ablutions practiced in the liturgy. Especially in the first centuries,…
Bacio Vol. II, p. 395
KISS. — In the Catholic liturgy it is a frequently used gesture and expresses veneration and homage, affection and fraternal union, or subjection. It carries a…
Backer, Augustin de Vol. II, p. 397
BACKER, AUGUSTIN de. - Scholar, b. at Anversa on 18 July 1809, d. at Liegi on 1 Dec. 1873. In his youth he undertook journeys in Belgio and Francia with the…
Bacolod, Diocese of (BACOLOD, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 397
BACOLod, DIOCESE of. — On the island of western Negros (Philippines); the city has a port on the Strait of Guimaras and has approximately 60,000 inhabitants.…
Bacon (Bacon, Bachon), Roger (BACONE (BACON, BACHON), RUGGERO) Vol. II, p. 399
BACONE (BACON, BACHON), RUGGERO. – Doctor mirabilis, Franciscan, a complex figure of English philosopher, philologist, and scientist, born at Ilchester in the…
Bacon, Francis (BACONE, FRANCESCO) Vol. II, p. 397
BACONE, FRANCESCO. – Philosopher and politician, born on 22 January 1561 near London, son of Nicola, keeper of the queen’s seal, and nephew of the prime…
Baconthorp, John (Bacco, Bacho, Bakonius, Johannes de Bacone, etc.) (BACONTHORP, JOHN (BACCO, BACHO, BAKONIUS, JOHANNES DE BACONE, ECC.)) Vol. II, p. 404
BACONTHORP, JOHN (Bacco, Bacho, Bakonius, Johannes de Bacone, etc.). - Philosopher and theologian, born in the last decades of the 13th century at Baconthorp…
Bacteriophage (BATTERIOFAGO) Vol. II, p. 592
BACTERIOPHAGE. - The discovery of the bacteriophage is due to the French bacteriologist d'Hérelle, who in 1917 described, in the fecal filtrate of…
Bacterium and Bacteriology (BATTERIO E BATTERIOLOGIA) Vol. II, p. 592
BATTERIO e BATTERIOLOGIA: v. MICRO-BIOLOGIA.
Bacuez, Nicolas-Louis Vol. II, p. 404
BACUEZ, NICOLAS-LOUIS. – Sulpician exegete and ascetical writer, born at Loisan in Piccardia (France) on 3 February 1820, died in Paris, in the seminary of S.…
Badajoz, Diocese of (BADAJOZ, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 404
BADAJOZ, DIOCESE of. — In Spain, suffragan of Seville. The episcopal city is the most important in Extremadura and the capital of a vast province. As a…
Bader, Karl Vol. II, p. 404
BADER, KARL. – Publicist, b. at Friburgo in Br. on 9 December 1796, d. there on 19 June 1874. He consistently and independently defended the rights and freedom…
Badia a Settimo Vol. II, p. 405
BADIA A SETTIMO. – The Abbey of S. Salvatore at S., near Florence, founded by Count Lotario dei Cadolingi in the transition between the 10th and 11th…
Badia, Tommaso Vol. II, p. 404
BADIA, TOMMASO. - Dominican, cardinal, born in Modena in 1483, died in 1547. Professor of theology at Ferrara, Venice, and Bologna, he was Master of the Sacred…
Badii, Cesare Vol. II, p. 405
BADII, CESARE. – Priest, canonist. Born at Murlo (province of Siena) on 5 May 1884; died in Rome on 30 March 1938. He taught canon law at the Faculty of Law of…
Badoer (Baduario) da Peràga, Bonaventura, Blessed (BADOER (BADUARIO) DA PERÀGA, BONAVENTURA, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 405
BADOER (BADUARIO) da PERÀGA, BONAVENTURA, blessed. — Born in Padua to a noble family on 22 June 1332, he died in Rome on 10 June 1389. He entered the Order of…
Baedan, Saint, Abbot of Jona (BAEDAN, SANTO, ABATE DI JONA) Vol. II, p. 406
BAEDAN, saint, abbot of JONA. - He was the most illustrious of the numerous Irish saints of this name (at least some fifteen). Son of Brennan, of the royal…
Baegert, Jakob Vol. II, p. 406
BAEGERT, JAKOB. — Jesuit, missionary, and geographer, born at Schlettstadt (or Sélestat, Alsace) on 22 December 1717; he entered the novitiate at Aschaffenburg…
Baer, Karl Ernst Vol. II, p. 406
BAER, KARL ERNST. – Estonian naturalist, b. at Piep in 1792, d. at Dorpat (Tartu) in 1876. After graduating in medicine at Dorpat, he went to Würzburg in 1815…
Baeumker, Clemens Vol. II, p. 406
BAEUMKER, CLEMENS. - Philosopher and historian of ancient, patristic, and medieval philosophy, b. at Paderborn on 16 Sept. 1853, d. at Munich in Bavaria on 7…
Baeza, Diego de Vol. II, p. 407
BAEZA, DIEGO de. - Spanish Jesuit, b. at Ponferrada (León) in 1582; he entered the novitiate at Salamanca in 1600, taught philosophy at Valencia and…
Bagadio Vol. II, p. 407
BAGADIO. - Bishop of Bostra in Arabia, while he was away from his see, he was condemned and deposed by the bishops Cirillo, apparently of Jerusalem, and…
Bagamoyo, Apostolic Vicariate of (BAGAMOYO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. II, p. 407
BAGAMOYO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — In East Africa; established in 1906 from the Vicariate of Sudan, it is administered by the Fathers of the Congregation of…
Baghdad, Missions of (BAGDAD, MISSIONI DI) Vol. II, p. 407
BAGDAD, MISSIONI of. - The archdiocese of B. comprises the three apostolic prefectures of B. Mossul and Mardin, transformed into missions in 1896. The first is…
Baglin, Michel Vol. II, p. 407
BAGLIN, MICHEL. – Superior General of the Carthusians, born in Château-Gontier on 15 November 1839, died in Pisa on 20 January 1922. Ordained a priest in 1862,…
Baglione, Giovanni Vol. II, p. 407
BAGLIONE, GIOVANNI. – Painter and writer, b. in Rome ca. 1573 and d. there in 1644. He painted one of the great altars in St Peter’s (ca. 1606); the Pauline…
Baglioni Vol. II, p. 408
BAGLIONI. – A Perugian family that rose to power toward the end of the 14th century, particularly after Malatesta, upon the death of Braccio Fortebracci, had…
Bagnacavallo Vol. II, p. 409
BAGNACAVALLO. - A small town in the province of Ravenna; among its most noteworthy religious monuments are the church of S. Michele (fifteenth-century apse…
Bagnesi, Maria Bartolomea, Blessed (BAGNESI, MARIA BARTOLOMEA, BEATA) Vol. II, p. 409
BAGNESI, MARIA BARTOLOMEA, blessed. - Born in Firenze on 15 Aug. 1514, died there on 28 May 1577. A strange illness kept her bedridden for almost forty-five…
Bagno Vol. II, p. 409
BAGNO. – Daily bathing in special thermal buildings had become so deeply ingrained in general custom throughout the Roman Empire that it is continually…
Bagno, Giovanni Francesco Guidi di Vol. II, p. 410
BAGNO, GIOVANNI FRANCESCO GUIDI di. - Cardinal, humanist, and diplomat, b. in Firenze on 4 Oct. 1578, of Romagnol origin. He studied at Firenze, Pisa, and…
Bagno, Niccolò Guidi di Vol. II, p. 410
BAGNO, NICCOLÒ GUIDI di. – Cardinal, brother of Cardinal Giovanni Francesco, b. in Rimini in 1584, he was destined for the priesthood. Abandoning it for family…
Bagnolensi (BAGNOLESI) Vol. II, p. 411
BAGNOLESI. – Cathar heretics (v.) who in Lombardy in the 13th century constituted an intermediate group between the two opposing Cathar currents of the…
Bagnoregio, Diocese of (BAGNOREGIO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 411
BAGNOREGIO, DIOCESE of. — In Lazio, in the province of Viterbo, with an area of 300 sq. km and a population of 30,000 inhabitants distributed among 28…
Bagot, Jean Vol. II, p. 412
BAGOT, JEAN. — French Jesuit, born at Rennes on 11 July 1591, died at Paris on 23 Aug. 1664. Received into the Society of Jesus in 1611, he taught philosophy…
Bagratids (BAGRATIDI) Vol. II, p. 412
BAGRATIDI. – A powerful dynasty of Armenian princes, knights of the Armenian crown, possessing the prerogative of crowning the king. During the period of Arab…
Bagutti, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 412
BAGUTTI, GIUSEPPE. - Abbot and educator, born at Rodio (Canton Ticino) in 1776, died at Milan in 1837. A collaborator of Federico Confalonieri in the…
Bahaism (BAHĀ'ISMO) Vol. II, p. 412
BAHĀ'ISMO. – Religion developed from Babism (v.). Its followers believe that the mysterious “he whom God will manifest,” of whom the Bāb spoke repeatedly, is…
Bahamas (Lucayas) (BAHAMA (BAHAMAS, LUCAIE)) Vol. II, p. 413
BAHAMA (BAHAMAS, LUCAIE). – A coral archipelago extending north of Cuba, from Florida to Haiti, consisting of about thirty larger islands (Andros, Great Abaco,…
Bahia Vol. II, p. 413
BAHIA: V. SAN SALVATORE DELLA BAHIA.
Bahia Blanca, Diocese of (BAHIA BLANCA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 413
BAHIA BLANCA, DIOCESI di. – In Argentina, in the province of Buenos Aires. Erected on 20 April 1934 with 34 parishes: 32 in the civil province of Buenos Aires…
Bahr el-Ghazal, Apostolic Vicariate of (BAHR EL-ĠAZAL, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. II, p. 414
BAHR el-ĠAZAL, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO of. — A vicariate since 1917, a prefecture since 1913 through the division of Khartoum (v.), this mission, directed by the…
Bahr el-Jebel (BAHR EL-ĠEBEL) Vol. II, p. 415
BAHR el-ĠEBEL. APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. — In the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan; the prefecture currently occupies the southeastern area between the 4th and 6th…
Bahr, Hermann Vol. II, p. 413
BAHR, HERMANN. - Austrian writer and critic, born in Linz on July 19, 1863, and died January 15, 1934. A subtle novelist and lively playwright, he linked his…
Bahrain, Islands of (BAHREIN, ISOLE) Vol. II, p. 414
BAHREIN, ISOLE: V. ARABIA.
Bahram V of Persia (BAHRAM V DI PERSIA) Vol. II, p. 414
BAHRAM V of PERSIA. - Persecutor, son of Jezdegerd, whom he succeeded as emperor of Persia from the year 420 to 438. With ever-increasing fury he continued the…
Bahrdt, Karl Friedrich Vol. II, p. 414
BAHRDT, KARL FRIEDRICH. - Protestant theologian, the “enfant terrible” of the theological “Aufklärung,” b. 20 Aug. 1741 at Bischofswerda, d. at Halle on 23…
Bahurim Vol. II, p. 415
BAHURIM. — A locality (Heb. Bahurim “young men”: district of the young; according to J. Fürst and J. P. van Kasteren: “deep place”) of the tribe of Benjamin,…
Bahā'īn Paqueda (Pāqūdā) Vol. II, p. 413
BAHĀ'ĪN PAQUEDA (PĀQŪDĀ). - A Spanish Jewish religious philosopher, also called Bechaie and Bechai. Nothing is known of his life (11th century). He left a…
Baianism (BAIANISMO) Vol. II, p. 416
BAIANISMO: v. BAIO MICHELE.
Baier, Johann Wilhelm Vol. II, p. 416
BAIER, JOHANN WILHELM. - Professor of theology in the Lutheran faculties of Jena and Halle, B., b. in 1647, d. in 1695, stands astride that transitional age…
Baij, Maria Cecilia Vol. II, p. 416
BAIJ, MARIA CECILIA. – Author of mystical writings, born at Montefiascone on 4 January 1694, she was given the names Cecilia Felicita. Initiated into the…
Bail, Louis Vol. II, p. 416
BAIL, LOUIS. – Theologian and ascetical writer, born at Abbeville in 1610, died in Paris in 1669. Doctor of the Sorbonne in 1628 and parish priest at…
Bailardo (Barliario), Pietro Vol. II, p. 416
BAILARDO (BARLIARIO), PIETRO. — In popular tradition, the legend of this strange character, a Salernitan astronomer and necromancer who died at the stake in…
Baillet (Ballyet), Brune Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLET (BALLYET), BRUNE. - Discalced Carmelite (in religion Emanuele di S. Alberto); b. 21 Nov. 1702 at Marnay (Besançon, France), d. at Baghdad on 4 Apr.…
Baillet, Adrien Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLET, ADRIEN. – French historian and hagiographer, born at Neuville-en-Hez near Beauvais on 13 June 1649, died in Paris on 21 January 1706. He studied at…
Baillie, James Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLIE, JAMES. – English philosopher, born on 24 October 1872, died at Weybridge on 9 June 1940. From 1902 to 1924 he was professor of moral philosophy at the…
Bailly (Bally), Philibert-Albert Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLY (BALLY), PHILIBERT-ALBERT: v. BAILLY (BAILLY), PHILIBERT-ALBERT.
Bailly De Surcy, Emmanuel-Joseph Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLY DE SURCY, EMMANUEL-JOSEPH. - French Catholic publicist and organizer, father of the two Assumptionists Emmanuele and Vincent de Paul (v.) and of Marie…
Bailly, Louis Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLY, LOUIS. - Theologian, b. in France, near Beaune, in 1730, d. in 1808. He was a canon of Dijon and professor of dogmatic theology in the seminary until…
Bailly, Vincent De Paul Vol. II, p. 417
BAILLY, VINCENT DE PAUL. – Augustinian of the Assumption, born on 2 December 1832 at Berteaucourt, died in Paris on 2 December 1912, founder of the publishing…
Baima, Giovanni Vol. II, p. 418
BAIMA, GIOVANNI. – Born in Pinerolo on 17 January 1817, died in Rome on 6 April 1881. He made his profession among the Oblates of the Virgin Mary on 2 August…
Baima, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 418
BAIMA, GIUSEPPE: v. BAYMA, GIUSEPPE.
Bain, Alexander Vol. II, p. 418
BAIN, ALEXANDER. – Scottish philosopher and educationalist, born in Aberdeen in 1818, died there in 1903. He taught at the Universities of Glasgow, London, and…
Bainbridge, Christopher Vol. II, p. 418
BAINBRIDGE, CHRISTOPHER. — Cardinal Archbishop of York, born at Hilton around 1464, died in Rome on 14 July 1514. Ambassador of Henry VIII to Rome, he was made…
Baines, Peter Augustine Vol. II, p. 418
BAINES, PETER AUGUSTINE. - Apostolic vicar of Western England, b. at Kirkby (Liverpool) on 25 June 1786, d. at Prior Park on 6 July 1843. In 1798 he moved to…
Baini, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 418
BAINI, GIUSEPPE. – Musician, born in Rome on 21 October 1775, died there on 21 May 1844. At first a pupil of his uncle Lorenzo, and later of G. Jannaconi, he…
Bainvel, Vincent Vol. II, p. 418
BAINVEL, VINCENT. — French Jesuit, theologian, and ascetical writer, born at Plougoumelen (Morbihan) on 4 August 1858, died in Paris on 29 January 1937. He…
Baiolé, André (BAIOLE, ANDRÉ) Vol. II, p. 423
BAIOLE, ANDRÉ. - Theologian, b. at Condom in 1590, Jesuit from 1608, d. at Avignon in 1660, he published in Paris in 1649 a treatise on La vie intérieure où il…
Baisio, Guido de Vol. II, p. 423
BAISIO, GUIDO de: v. GUIDO DE BAISIO.
Baius (De Bay, Baio), Michel Vol. II, p. 423
BAIUS (DE BAY, BAIO), MICHEL. – Belgian theologian, born at Mélin in Hainaut (Belgium) in 1513, died on 1 September 1589. I. LIFE. — B. began his philosophical…
Baja California (BASSA CALIFORNIA) Vol. II, p. 581
BASSA CALIFORNIA: v. CALIFORNIA INFERIORE, vicariato apostolico di.
Bajram (Bayram) (BAJRĀM (BAYRAM)) Vol. II, p. 425
BAJRĀM (BAYRAM). - In Turkish, “festival.” The Muslim religious calendar recognizes two great festivals: the 'id al-adhā, which falls on the 10th day of the…
Baker City, Diocese of (BAKER CITY, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 427
BAKER CITY, diocesi di. — In Oregon, United States of America, suffragan of Portland. Erected on 19 June 1903 through the dismemberment of the diocese of…
Baker, David Augustine Vol. II, p. 425
BAKER, DAVID AUGUSTINE. - English Benedictine and ascetical writer, b. at Abergavenny on 9 Dec. 1575, d. in London on 9 Aug. 1641. Raised in Protestantism, he…
Baker, Mary Eddy Vol. II, p. 426
BAKER, MARY EDDY. – Founder of the medical-religious association known as Christian Science, born in 1821, died on 3 December 1910. I. LIFE. – She was born on…
Bakunin, Michail Vol. II, p. 428
BAKUNIN, MICHAIL. — Celebrated Russian anarchist of the nineteenth century, born at Priamuchino (province of Tver') in 1814, died in the hospital of Berne in…
Bakócz, Tamás Vol. II, p. 428
BAKÓCZ, TAMÁS. — Cardinal, primate of Hungary, archbishop of Strigonia, b. in 1442 at Erdőd to a serf, d. at Strigonia in 1521. One of his brothers, a parish…
Bala Vol. II, p. 429
BALA. – 1. Maidservant (Heb. Bilhah; Septuagint: Βαλλή) given to Rachele by her father Laban at her marriage. Seeing herself barren, her mistress gave her to…
Bala, Alessandro Vol. II, p. 429
BALA, ALESSANDRO: v. ALESSANDRO BALA.
Balaam (Hebrew: Bil'ām) (BALAAM (EBR. BIL'ÂM)) Vol. II, p. 429
BALAAM (Heb. Bil'âm). – A magician, son of Beor, from the city of Pethor on the right bank of the Euphrates, in Mesopotamia (Num. 22:5–6; cf. Deut. 23:5),…
Balaj (BĀLAJ) Vol. II, p. 430
BĀLAJ. - A classical Syriac hymnographer, probably living between the Euphrates and Aleppo around the middle of the 5th century, author of 5 hymns or madrāsē…
Balak (BALAC) Vol. II, p. 430
BALAC.—Moabite king, son of Sephor, at the time when the Hebrews were about to take possession of Palestine (Num. 22–24; mentioned in Iudc. 11:25; Mi. 6:5;…
Balan, Pietro Vol. II, p. 430
BALAN, PIETRO. — Priest, controversialist, and historian, b. at Este on 3 September 1840, d. at Pragatto (Bologna) on 17 February 1893. Of indomitable spirit,…
Balanero, Giovanni Battista (BALANGERO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA) Vol. II, p. 431
BALANGERO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. – Missionary and writer. Born in Envie (Saluzzo) on 12 June 1849, he entered the Brignole-Sale College in Genoa in 1868 and…
Balasfy, Tommaso Vol. II, p. 431
BALASFY, TOMMASO. - Hungarian theologian and polemicist. Born at Kolozavar on 3 Dec. 1580 into a noble family; died at Pozsony on 10 March 1625. He studied in…
Balatah (BALÁTAH) Vol. II, p. 431
BALÁTAH : v. SICHEL.
Balaustra (BALAÚSTRA) Vol. II, p. 431
BALAÚSTRA. – A railing composed of vertical elements identical to one another, called balusters or small balusters, often rising from a common base and always…
Balbi (Balbus), Girolamo Vol. II, p. 433
BALBI (Balbus), GIROLAMO. — Humanist, bishop of Gurk, born in Venice around 1460, died in 1535. A disciple of Pomponio Leto in Rome, he was later in Paris,…
Balbi (Balbus, De Balbis), Giovanni Vol. II, p. 432
BALBI (Balbus, de Balbis), GIOVANNI. — Dominican scholar, famous author of the Catholicon, about whom we possess the few biographical details that he himself…
Balbi, Bernardo (Bernardus Papiensis) Vol. II, p. 432
BALBI, BERNARDO (Bernardus Papiensis). — Italian decretalist, died on 18 September 1216. He studied law at Bologna and during that period also resided in Rome;…
Balbina, Saint (BALBINA, SANTA) Vol. II, p. 433
BALBINA, saint. — She is unknown to the Martyrologium Hieronymianum; she appears not as a martyr, but as a virgin and daughter of the tribune Quirinus in the…
Balbo, Cesare Vol. II, p. 434
BALBO, CESARE. – Italian historian and politician, born in Turin on 21 November 1789, died there on 3 June 1853. Born into a noble family, he was first…
Balbo, Prospero di Vinadio Vol. II, p. 435
BALBO, PROSPERO di VINADIO. - Son of Cesare, b. in Paris on 5 March 1824, d. in Turin on 2 March 1894, he left the Military Academy as a lieutenant of…
Balbín (Balbinus), Bohuslav Vol. II, p. 433
BALBÍN (Balbinus), BOHUSLAV. — Bohemian Jesuit scholar, born of a noble family at Hradec Králové on 3 November 1621, he entered the Society in 1636 and died in…
Baldacchino Vol. II, p. 435
BALDACCHINO. – An object generally square or rectangular in shape, made of wood or fabric, with hanging draperies and ornamentation, which is either fixed in…
Baldad (Hebrew: Bildadh) (BALDAD (EBR. BILDADH)) Vol. II, p. 436
BALDAD (Hebr. Bildadh). – One of the three figures (with Eliphaz and Sophar) who went to their common friend Job (v.), to comfort him in his misfortunes (Iob…
Baldassare of Saint Catherine of Siena (BALDASSARE DI SANTA CATERINA DA SIENA) Vol. II, p. 436
BALDASSARE di SANTA CATERINA DA SIENA. - Discalced Carmelite mystical theologian, Machiavelli in the world, b. at Bologna in 1597, d. there on 23 Aug. 1673. He…
Baldassare, Flemish (BALDASSARE, FIAMMINGO) Vol. II, p. 436
BALDASSARE, FIAMMINGO: v. PERMOSER, BALTHASAR.
Baldassari, Pietro Vol. II, p. 436
BALDASSARI, PIETRO. — From 1794 he was secretary to Msgr. Diego Innico Caracciolo, governor of Fermo, and subsequently chamberlain to Pius VI, whom he…
Baldassarre Vol. II, p. 436
BALDASSARRE: v. BALTASSAR.
Baldassarre of Saint Mary (BALDASSARRE DI SANTA MARIA) Vol. II, p. 436
BALDASSARRE di SANTA MARIA. — Discalced Carmelite (in the world B. de Azevedo), missionary, originally from Lisbon (1590). He took the habit in Rome (1608) and…
Baldassarri, Domenico Antonio Vol. II, p. 436
BALDASSARRI, DOMENICO ANTONIO. - Theologian of the Conventual Minors, b. at Osimo in 1713, d. at Montegiorgio on 8 Jan. 1791. His theological work chiefly…
Balde, Jakob Vol. II, p. 436
BALDE, JAKOB. - Jesuit and poet, called the Horace of Germany, born in Alsace at Ensisheim (he is known to have been baptized on 4 Jan. 1604), died at Neuburg…
Balder Vol. II, p. 437
BALDER: v. GERMANI, RELIGIONE dei.
Baldeschi, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 437
BALDESCHI, GIUSEPPE. – Liturgist, of the Congregation of the Mission, born in Ischia di Castro (Viterbo) on 1 July 1791, died in Rome on 19 April 1849. Master…
Baldi, Bernardino Vol. II, p. 437
BALDI, BERNARDINO. – First abbot of Guastalla, poet, scientist, historian, and philologist, born in Urbino on 5 June 1553, died there on 10 October 1617. He…
Baldi, Lazzaro Vol. II, p. 437
BALDI, LAZZARO. — Painter, born in Pistoia in 1623, died in 1703; he was one of the youngest pupils of Pietro da Cortona. Active with works of his own from the…
Baldinotti, Cesare Vol. II, p. 438
BALDINOTTI, CESARE. - Philosopher, of the Olivetan Benedictine Order, b. in Firenze on 12 July 1747, d. in Padova on 23 Dec. 1821. He was abbot of S. Miniato…
Baldinotti, Giuliano Vol. II, p. 438
BALDINOTTI, GIULIANO. - Missionary, b. at Pistoia in 1591, he entered the Society of Jesus in Rome in 1609 and left for the Far East in 1621. He was the first…
Baldinucci, Antonio, Blessed (BALDINUCCI, ANTONIO, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 438
BALDINUCCI, ANTONIO, blessed. — Jesuit, b. in Florence on 19 July 1665, son of Filippo (v.), a man of letters and art historian; d. at Pofi on 7 November 1717.…
Baldinucci, Filippo Vol. II, p. 438
BALDINUCCI, FILIPPO. — Born in Florence in 1624, died in 1696. A man of letters and an art enthusiast, he wrote Notizie de Professori del disegno da Cimabue in…
Baldo degli Ubaldi Vol. II, p. 441
BALDO degli UBALDI. — One of the greatest Italian jurists of the Middle Ages, born in Perugia into a noble family (it is uncertain whether in 1319 or 1327), he…
Baldovinetti, Alessio (Alesso) Vol. II, p. 441
BALDOVINETTI, ALESSIO (ALESSO). — Painter, born in Florence on 14 October 1425, died there on 31 August 1499. In 1458 he was commissioned to paint an…
Baldovino, Baldovino (BALDUINO, BALDUINO) Vol. II, p. 444
BALDUINO, BALDUINO. — Professor of medicine at the University of Bologna, born around 1500 in Barga (Garfagnana), died in 1582 at Aversa. He was protected by…
Baldric (Baudri) of Bourgueil (BALDRICO (BAUDRI) DI BOURGUEIL) Vol. II, p. 444
BALDRICO (BAUDRI) of BOURGUEIL. - Monk, b. in 1046, d. in 1130. Abbot of the monastery of St. Peter at Bourgueil from 1089, archbishop of Dol from 1107 until…
Balducci, Giovanni Da Pisa (Giovanni Di Balduccio) (GIOVANNI DI BALDUCCIO (BALDUCCI, GIOVANNI DA PISA)) Vol. VI, p. 327
GIOVANNI DI BALDUCCIO (BALDUCCI, GIOVANNI DA PISA). — Sculptor, born in Pisa toward the end of the 13th century. There is documentary evidence concerning him…
Balducci, Nicola Vol. II, p. 444
BALDUCCI, NICOLA. — Ascetical writer, born in Rome at the beginning of the seventeenth century, died in 1684. An apostolic acolyte and later an Oratorian, he…
Balduccio of Pisa (BALDUCCIO DA PISA) Vol. II, p. 444
BALDUCCIO da PISA: v. GIOVANNI DI BALDUCCIO ALBONETTI.
Baldung, Hans, called Grien (BALDUNG, HANS, DETTO GRIEN) Vol. II, p. 444
BALDUNG, HANS, called GRIEN. - Painter, woodcut artist, and draftsman, b. at Schwäbisch-Gmünd in 1484 (1485?), d. at Strasburgo in 1545. He was trained in the…
Baldwin I, Emperor of Constantinople (BALDOVINO I, IMPERATORE DI COSTANTINOPOLI) Vol. II, p. 442
BALDOVINO I, emperor of CONSTANTINOPLE. — Sixth count of Hainaut and ninth count of Flanders, born at Valenciennes in 1171, died, perhaps at Adrianople, around…
Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem (BALDOVINO I, RE DI GERUSALEMME) Vol. II, p. 443
BALDOVINO I, king of JERUSALEM. — Brother of Goffredo di Buglione. Destined for the ecclesiastical state, he was suitably instructed in literary disciplines…
Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem (BALDOVINO II, RE DI GERUSALEMME) Vol. II, p. 443
BALDOVINO II, king of GERUSALEMME. - Son of Ugo, count of Rethel, he took the cross and departed with the army of Goffredo di Buglione in 1096. He was…
Baldwin III, King of Jerusalem (BALDOVINO III, RE DI GERUSALEMME) Vol. II, p. 443
BALDOVINO III, king of GERUSALEMME. - Son of Folco d'Angiò, born about 1130, died 10 February 1162. He was under the guardianship of his mother, Queen…
Baldwin IV, King of Jerusalem (BALDOVINO IV, RE DI GERUSALEMME) Vol. II, p. 443
BALDOVINO IV, king of GERUSALEMME. - Son of Amalrico, king of Jerusalem (1162-73), nephew of Baldovino III, b. in 1160. At the death of his father (11 July…
Baldwin of Canterbury (or of Ford) (BALDOVINO DI CANTERBURY (O DI FORD)) Vol. II, p. 442
BALDOVINO of CANTERBURY (or of FORD). - English bishop and theologian, b. in Devonshire and d. at Tyre in Syria in Oct. 1190. He found his patron in…
Baldwin V, King of Jerusalem (BALDOVINO V, RE DI GERUSALEMME) Vol. II, p. 444
BALDOVINO V, king of JERUSALEM. — Son of Baldovino IV’s sister, Sibilla, and of Guglielmo di Monferrato, born in 1177, died in 1186. His uncle, Baldovino IV,…
Bale, John Vol. II, p. 445
BALE, JOHN. — English writer, b. at Cove (Suffolk) on 21 November 1495, d. at Canterbury (in whose cathedral he was buried) in November 1563. At the age of…
Balestra, Antonio Vol. II, p. 445
BALESTRA, ANTONIO. – Painter and engraver, born in Verona in 1666, died there in 1740. He received his initial training in Venice under Antonio Bellucci; from…
Balestra, Serafino Vol. II, p. 446
BALESTRA, SERAFINO. - Priest and educator, born in Canton Ticino, died 26 Oct. 1886. Having been ordained priest, he set aside the archaeological studies he…
Balestri, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 446
BALESTRI, GIUSEPPE. - Augustinian Coptologist and biblical scholar, b. 2 Dec. 1866 at Vernio (Firenz), d. 29 Apr. 1939. His teacher was Fr. Agostino Ciasca…
Balfour, Arthur James Vol. II, p. 446
BALFOUR, ARTHUR JAMES. – Famous conservative English statesman, born at Wittingham (Scotland) on 25 July 1848, died at Woking (Surrey) on 19 March 1930. He…
Balguy, John Vol. II, p. 446
BALGUY, JOHN. - English Protestant theologian, b. at Sheffield in 1686 and d. in 1748. He studied at the University of Cambridge. The bishop of Bangor,…
Bali, Island (BALI, ISOLA) Vol. II, p. 446
BALI, ISOLA: v. INDIE OLANDESI.
Balinghem, Antoine de Vol. II, p. 446
BALINGHEM, ANTOINE de. – Ascetical author, born in Saint-Omer on 25 June 1571, died in Lille on 28 January 1630. A Jesuit from 1588, after his initial studies,…
Ball (PALLA) Vol. IX, p. 399
PALLA. — In its current liturgical sense, a small square of linen measuring approximately 20–25 cm, used to cover the chalice, especially from the Offertory to…
Ball, Hugo Vol. II, p. 447
BALL, HUGO. — German writer, b. on 22 February 1866 in Pirmasens, d. on 14 September 1927 at S. Abbondio near Lugano. He was one of the founders of Dadaism,…
Ballaghaderreen (BALLAGHADEREEN) Vol. II, p. 447
BALLAGHADEREEN: v. ACHONRY.
Ballaini, Giovanni Vol. II, p. 447
BALLAINI, GIOVANNI. - Conventual theologian, born in Andria (Puglie) in the first half of the 16th century, died toward the end of the same century. He was a…
Ballarat, Diocese of (BALLARAT, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 447
BALLARAT, DIOCESE of. - In Australia, separated from the archdiocese of Melbourne and erected on 30 March 1847 as its suffragan. The area of its territory,…
Ballerini, Antonio Vol. II, p. 447
BALLERINI, ANTONIO. – Jesuit historian and moralist, born at Medicina (Bologna) on 10 October 1805, died at Rome on 27 November 1881. He spent almost his…
Ballerini, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 447
BALLERINI, GIUSEPPE. - Italian bishop and apologist, b. at Gualdrasco (Pavia) on 15 Sept. 1857, d. at Pavia on 12 June 1933. Having embarked upon an…
Ballerini, Paolo Vol. II, p. 447
BALLERINI, PAOLO. — Archbishop of Milan, born in Milan on 13 January 1814, died at Seregno in 1897. He studied in Vienna, where he obtained a degree in…
Ballerini, Pietro and Gerolamo (BALLERINI, PIETRO E GEROLAMO) Vol. II, p. 448
BALLERINI, PIETRO and GEROLAMO. – Veronese priests and brothers, educated first at the Jesuit college and then at their native seminary. They lived and worked…
Ballerini, Raffaele (BALLERINI, RAPFAELE) Vol. II, p. 448
BALLERINI, RAPFAELE. — Jesuit, writer, born at Medicina (Bologna) on 17 May 1830, died in Rome on 14 January 1907. Having completed his studies at the…
Balleydier, Alphonse Vol. II, p. 448
BALLEYDIER, ALPHONSE. – French historian, born in Lyon in 1820, died in 1859. Conservative at heart, but desirous of reforms, he joyfully welcomed the…
Balli (Ballo), Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 448
BALLI (BALLO), GIUSEPPE. - Sicilian theologian, b. at Palermo in 1567, d. at Padova in 1640: he was a canon of Bari. He published an important work on the…
Ballina Vol. II, p. 448
BALLINA: v. KILLALA.
Ballo Vol. II, p. 448
BALLO: v. DANZA.