Vabres, Diocese of(VABRES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 594 VABRES, DIOCESE of: v. RODEZ, DIOCESE of. VACANDARD, ELPHÈCE FLORENT. - Church historian, b. 10 Apr. 1849 at Melleville, d. 23 Oct. 1927 at Rouen. Ordained…
Vacancy of the Apostolic See(VACANZA DELLA SEDE APOSTOLICA)Vol. XII, p. 595 VACANZA DELLA SEDE APOSTOLICA : v. CONCLAVE.
Vacancy of the Ecclesiastical Office(VACANZA DELL'UFFICIO ECCLESIASTICO)Vol. XII, p. 594 VACANCY OF AN ECCLESIASTICAL OFFICE. – This occurs when an ecclesiastical office is without its incumbent. It may be de iure, when there is no legitimate…
Vacant, AlfredVol. XII, p. 594 VACANT, ALFRED. - Theologian, b. 23 February 1852 at Morfontaine (Meurthe-Moselle), d. 2 April 1901 at Nancy. Ordained priest in 1876 and doctor of theology in…
Vacaria(VACARÍA)Vol. XII, p. 595 VACARÍA. — Prelature nullius in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). It covers an area of 17,287 sq. km. and has 145,015 inhabitants, of whom 140,390 are…
VacarioVol. XII, p. 595 VACARIO. – Glossator of Roman-Justinian law, designated as magister Vacarius, born in Lombardy ca. 1115–20, died in England after 1198. He studied the new…
Vacation of the Law(VACAZIONE DELLA LEGGE)Vol. XII, p. 595 VACAZIONE DELLA LEGGE : v. LEGGE.
Vacca RossaVol. XII, p. 595 RED HEIFER. - A particular rite ordained by God during the Israelites’ journey from Sinai to Cades. A “red heifer, without defect, without any blemish, which…
Vacherot, Étienne(VACHEROT, ETIENNE)Vol. XII, p. 595 VACHEROT, ETIENNE. - Philosopher, b. at Langres, 29 July 1809, d. at Paris, 28 July 1897. He taught philosophy at the École normale and at the Sorbonne; from…
Vadstena(WADSTENA)Vol. XII, p. 1023 WADSTENA. – Double monastery of S. Salvatore in the ancient diocese of Linköping, in Östergötland, Sweden, founded in 1346 by S. Brigida (v.) during the reign…
VagoVol. XII, p. 596 VAGO: v. PELLEGRINI (PERECRINI ET VAGI).
Vaihinger, HansVol. XII, p. 596 VAIHINGER, HANS. — Philosopher, born at Nehren (Württemberg) on 25 September 1852, died at Halle on 12 December 1933. He taught philosophy at the University of…
Vailati, GiovanniVol. XII, p. 596 VAILATI, GIOVANNI. - Mathematician and historian of the philosophy of science, b. at Crema on 24 April 1863, d. at Rome on 14 May 1909. Endowed with a lively…
Vainglory(VANA GLORIA)Vol. XII, p. 626 VANA GLORIA. — Whereas to desire glory is to will the manifestation of one’s own good or excellence (which is not in itself evil, as Jesus Christ Himself…
VaisonVol. XII, p. 597 VAISON. – An ancient diocese and town on the banks of the Ouvèze, today in the archdiocese of Avignon in France. It was the ancient capital of the country of…
Valadier, GiuseppeVol. XII, p. 598 VALADIER, GIUSEPPE. – Architect, born in Rome on 14 April 1762 and died there on 1 February 1839. His father, an engraver and metalworker, was his first…
ValamoVol. XII, p. 600 VALAMO. - An archipelago consisting of approximately 40 islands in the northern part of Lake Ladoga and the site, after Solovki (v.), of Russia’s second great…
Valdivia, Diocese of(VALDIVIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 601 VALDIVIA, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese in the province of V. and Osorno in Chile (South America). It has an area of 18,967 sq km and a population of 257,825…
Valdivielso, José deVol. XII, p. 601 VALDIVIELSO, JOSÉ de. — Spanish poet, born in Toledo around 1560, died in Madrid on 19 June 1638. A priest and chaplain, first to the cardinal of Toledo…
Valdés, Fernando deVol. XII, p. 600 VALDÉS, FERNANDO de. - Spanish Grand Inquisitor, born at Salas (Asturias) in 1483, died at Madrid on 9 Dec. 1568. He studied at the Colegio Mayor of S.…
Valdés, Juan deVol. XII, p. 600 VALDÉS, JUAN de. – Spanish man of letters and writer, son of a Ferdinando and brother of Alfonso (d. in 1532), who was imperial secretary and author of two…
Valence, Diocese of(VALENCE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 603 VALENCE, DIOCESE OF. - Diocese and prefecture capital city in the Drôme department in France, on the left bank of the Rhône, near the confluence of the Isère.…
Valencia (Valentinus, Valentianus), Gregorio deVol. XII, p. 604 VALENCIA (Valentinus, Valentianus), GREGORIO de. — Jesuit, one of the most distinguished theologians of Germany in the first post-Tridentine period, b. at…
Valencia in Venezuela, Diocese of(VALENCIA NEL VENEZUELA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 605 VALENCIA IN VENEZUELA, DIOCESE of. — Capital city of the State of Carabobo and diocese in Venezuela (South America). Over an area of 20,650 sq. km., it has…
Valencia, Archdiocese of(VALENZA (VALENCIA), ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 609 VALENZA (VALENCIA), ARCIDIOCESI of - City, capital of the homonymous province in Spain. The archdiocese covers an area of 10,755 sq. km., with a Catholic…
Valens (F. Valens Augustus), Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire(VALENTE (F. VALENS AUGUSTUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO D'ORIENTE)Vol. XII, p. 605 VALENTE (F. Valens Augustus), ROMAN EMPEROR OF THE EAST. — Born in 328 at Cibalae in Pannonia to the military tribune Graziano, who rose from humble…
Valenti Gonzaga, LuigiVol. XII, p. 605 VALENTI GONZAGA, LUIGI: v. GONZAGA VALENTI, LUIGI.
Valentin, Louis de Boullonne, called the(VALENTIN, LOUIS DE BOULLONNE, DETTO IL)Vol. XII, p. 605 VALENTIN, LOUIS DE BOULLONNE, called. - Painter, born at Coulommiers (Brie) in 1592, died at Rome in August 1632. He worked extensively in Rome for Card.…
Valentine(VALENTINO)Vol. XII, p. 606 VALENTINO: V. CRONOGRAFO DELL'A. 354; FILOCALO.
Valentine, Saint, Martyr(VALENTINO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. XII, p. 606 VALENTINO, saint, martyr. – The Hieronymian Martyrology on 14 February gives only: “Interamnes, on the Via Flaminia, sixty-three miles from the city, the…
Valentinian I (Flavius Valentinianus Augustus), Western Roman Emperor(VALENTINIANO I (FLAVIUS VALENTINIANUS AUGUSTUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO D'OCCIDENTE)Vol. XII, p. 605 VALENTINIANO I (Flavius Valentinianus Augustus), ROMAN EMPEROR OF THE WEST. - B. in Pannonia in 321, d. there on 17 Nov. 375. Having entered the army, he rose…
Valentinian II (Flavius Valentinianus Augustus), Western Roman Emperor(VALENTINIANO II (FLAVIUS VALENTINIANUS AUGUSTUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO D'OCCIDENTE)Vol. XII, p. 606 VALENTINIAN II (Flavius Valentinianus Augustus), ROMAN EMPEROR OF THE WEST. — Son of the preceding and of Giustina, born in 371, died in Gaul in 392. At his…
Valentinian III (Flavius Valentinianus Augustus), Western Roman Emperor(VALENTINIANO III (FLAVIUS VALENTINIANUS AUGUSTUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO D'OCCIDENTE)Vol. XII, p. 606 VALENTINIANO III (Flavius Valentinianus Augustus), ROMAN EMPEROR OF THE WEST. — Son of Flavius Constantius and Galla Placidia, sister of the emperor Honorius,…
Valentino, Pope(VALENTINO, PAPA)Vol. XII, p. 609 VALENTINO, POPE. – In August 827, the bishops, the nobility, and the people chose the archdeacon V., born in the region of Via Lata, who died in September 827,…
Valentinus Gnostic(VALENTINO GNOSTICO)Vol. XII, p. 608 VALENTINO GNOSTICO. – He came to Rome under Hyginus. He flourished under Pius and remained there until Anicetus (Irenaeus, III 4, 3; Greek text in Eusebius,…
Valença do Brazil (Valença), Diocese of(VALENZA DEL BRASILE (VALENÇA), DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 610 VALENZA DEL BRASILE (VALENÇA), DIOCESE of. — Diocese in the State of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Episcopal residence in Marques de Valença. It has an area of…
Valera y Alcalá Galiano, JuanVol. XII, p. 610 VALERA Y ALCALÁ GALIANO, JUAN. — Spanish writer and diplomat, b. at Cabra on 18 October 1824, d. at Madrid on 18 April 1905. He was the nephew of the Duque de…
Valeria, Saint(VALERIA, SANTA)Vol. XII, p. 611 VALERIA, Saint See VITALE AND VALERIA, Saints.
Valerian (P. Licinius Valerianus Augustus), Roman Emperor(VALERIANO (P. LICINIUS VALERIANUS AUGUSTUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. XII, p. 611 VALERIAN (P. Licinius Valerianus Augustus), ROMAN EMPEROR. — Born ca. 190, died ca. 260. Information concerning both his private life and his political career…
Valerian of Cimela(VALERIANO DI CEMELE)Vol. XII, p. 611 VALERIANO di CEMELE. – Bishop of Cimiez, near Nice. He took part in the Councils of Riez (439) and Vaison (452) and defended, against Pope Leo I, the primacy…
Valerian, Saint, Bishop(VALERIANO, VESCOVO, SANTO)Vol. XII, p. 611 VALERIANO, bishop, saint. — He succeeded Fortunaziano, bishop of Aquileia before 371. He took part in the Council that Pope Damaso held in Rome around 371,…
Valerian, Saint, Martyr(VALERIANO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. XII, p. 611 VALERIANO, saint, martyr: v. TIBURZIO, VALERIANO e MASSIMO, santi, martiri.
Valeriani, GiuseppeVol. XII, p. 611 VALERIANI, GIUSEPPE. – Jesuit, painter, and architect, born in L’Aquila in 1542, died in Naples on 15 July 1596. A pupil of Pompeo Cesura, known as l’Aquilano,…
Valeriano Bolzani, Giampietro (Pierius Valerianus)Vol. XII, p. 611 VALERIANO BOLZANI, GIAMPIETRO (Pierius Valerianus). - Humanist, b. in Belluno in 1477, d. there (fot. Enc. Catt.) VALERIANO BOLZANI, GIAMPIETRO - Portrait.…
Valfrè, Sebastiano, Blessed(VALFRÈ, SEBASTIANO, BEATO)Vol. XII, p. 612 VALFRÈ, SEBASTIANO, blessed. – Oratorian, apostle of Turin, b. at Verduno (Alba) on 9 March 1629, d. at Turin on 30 January 1710. Born into a humble family, he…
Valier (Valerio), AgostinoVol. XII, p. 613 VALIER (VALERIO), AGOSTINO. — Cardinal, born in Legnago on 7 April 1530, died in Rome on 23 May 1606. From 1558 he was lecturer in moral philosophy at Venice;…
Valignano, AlessandroVol. XII, p. 613 VALIGNANO, ALESSANDRO. — Organizer and superior of the missions of the Middle and Far East, b. at Chieti in the first half of February 1539, d. at Macao on 20…
Valkyries(VALCHIRIE)Vol. XII, p. 600 VALCHIRIE : v. GERMANI, RELIGIONE dei.
Valla, Lorenzo (Latin Valens or Vallensis)(VALLA, LORENZO (LATINAMENTE DE VALLE O VALLENSIS))Vol. XII, p. 614 VALLA, LORENZO (Latinized as De Valle or Vallensis). — A humanist originally from Piacenza, born in Rome in 1405 (according to others, in 1407). He taught…
Valladolid, Archdiocese of(VALLADOLID, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 618 VALLADOLID, ARCIDIOCESI of. — Capital city of the province of the same name in Spain. The archdiocese has an area of 2,400 sq. km. and a population of 220,000…
Vallarsi, DomenicoVol. XII, p. 618 VALLARSI, DOMENICO. – Priest and scholar, born in Verona on 13 November 1702, died there on 14 August 1771. His principal work is the edition of the writings…
Valledupar, Apostolic Vicariate of(VALLEDUPAR, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. XII, p. 618 VALLEDUPAR, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO of. — By decree of 4 December 1952, the Apostolic Vicariate of Goajira (v.) in Colombia was divided into the two vicariates of…
Vallepietra, Sanctuary of the Most Holy Trinity of(VALLEPIETRA, SANTUARIO DELLA SANTISSIMA TRINITÀ DI)Vol. XII, p. 618 VALLEPIETRA, SANTUARIO DELLA SANTISSIMA TRINITÀ of. — It is situated in the valley of the Simbivio, near the Tagliata pass, which abuts against the southern…
Valley of Siddim (Heb. 'Ēmeq Šiddim)(SIDDIM, VALLE DI (EBR. 'ĒMEQ ŠIDDIM))Vol. XI, p. 337 SIDDIM, VALLEY of (Heb. 'ēmeq Šiddim). - A valley full of bitumen pits (Gen. 14:10), where Chodorlahomor with his allies defeated the king of Sodom (v.) and…
Valleyfield, Diocese of(VALLEYFIELD, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 618 VALLEYFIELD, DIOCESI of. — A city in the Province of Québec (Canada). The diocese of V. covers an area of 2,221 square miles, with a total population of 87,000…
Vallo di Lucania, Diocese of(VALLO DI LUCANIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 619 VALLO DI LUCANIA, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese in the province of Salerno. It has an area of 3,000 sq. km., with a population of 152,000 inhabitants, all…
VallombrosaVol. XII, p. 619 VALLOMBROSA. – Abbey of S. Maria Assunta di V., belonging to the Vallombrosan Benedictine monks (v.). It is situated at approximately 1,000 m above sea level…
Vallombrosan Benedictines(BENEDETTINI VALLOMBROSANI)Vol. II, p. 729 BENEDETTINI VALLOMBROSANI. – Monks of the Benedictine Order who took their name from the Abbey of Vallombrosa, founded around 1036 in Tuscany by s. Giovanni…
Valmarana, Deianira (Dianira)Vol. XII, p. 620 VALMARANA, DEIANIRA (Dianira). - Foundress of the Congregation of the Dimesse or Modeste, girls or widows of the Venetian State, b. at Vicenza in 1549, d.…
Valois, Family(VALOIS, FAMIGLIA)Vol. XII, p. 620 VALOIS, FAMILY. - Its progenitor was CARLO, younger son of King Filippo III of France, who obtained from his father the Duchy of V. When the three sons of…
Valparaíso, Diocese of(VALPARAISO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 623 VALPARAISO, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese in the Republic of Chile. It has an area of 4,600 sq. km. and 490,000 inhabitants, of whom 480,000 are Catholics,…
Valperga di Caluso, TommasoVol. XII, p. 623 VALPERGA di CALUSO, TOMMASO. — An abbot and Piedmontese scholar, born in Turin on 20 December 1737, died there on 1 April 1815. A priest open to every horizon,…
Valroger, Hyacinthe deVol. XII, p. 623 VALROGER, HYACINTHE de. - Oratorian, b. 6 Jan. 1814 at Caen, d. at Bayeux 10 Oct. 1876. After studying medicine, he was ordained priest in 1837. Director of…
Valsecchi, AntoninoVol. XII, p. 623 VALSECCHI, ANTONINO. - Dominican apologist and preacher, b. at Verona in 1708, d. at Padova on 5 March 1791. He first taught philosophy, then devoted himself…
Values, Philosophy of(VALORI, FILOSOFIA DEI)Vol. XII, p. 621 VALUES, PHILOSOPHY OF. — This denotes an orientation in contemporary philosophy which, in its multiple currents, affirms first of all: a) the opposition…
Valva and Sulmona, Diocese of(VALVA E SULMONA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 624 VALVA AND SULMONA, DIOCESE OF. – United sees distinct in the province of L’Aquila (Abruzzo), immediately subject to the Holy See, with an appellate Ordinary at…
Valvassor(VALVASSORE)Vol. XII, p. 624 VALVASSORE. — Usually it means “vassal of a vassal,” but the term had a somewhat different meaning according to the periods and ages. In Italy, etymologically,…
Valverde, VincenzoVol. XII, p. 625 VALVERDE, VINCENZO. – Dominican bishop, born at Oropesa (Toledo) at the beginning of the sixteenth century, died on the island of Puna (Peru) in November 1542.…
ValviscioloVol. XII, p. 625 VALVISCIOLO. – Monastery situated at the foot of Mount Corvino, approximately halfway between Norma and Sermoneta, in the diocese of Terracina, province of…
Valéry, PaulVol. XII, p. 612 VALÉRY, PAUL. — French writer and poet, born in Sète on 30 October 1871, died in Paris on 20 July 1945. He lived almost constantly in Paris and, when young,…
Van de Vyver, AgostinoVol. XII, p. 629 VAN DE VYVER, AGOSTINO. - Bishop, b. at Haesdonck (Belgium) on 1 Dec. 1844, d. at Richmond (Virginia, U.S.A.) on 16 Oct. 1911. Having completed his studies at…
Van der Goes, HugoVol. XII, p. 628 VAN DER GOES, HUGO: v. GOËS, UGO VAN DER.
Van der Weyden, RogerVol. XII, p. 628 VAN DER WEYDEN, ROGER. — Painter, born in Tournai around 1400 and died in Brussels on 16 June 1464. He had various designations, from “Rogelet de la Pasture”…
Van Dyck, AntonVol. XII, p. 629 VAN DYCK, ANTON. - Painter, born in Antwerp on March 22, 1599, died in London on Dec. 9, 1641. He attended Rubens's workshop in Antwerp, but as early as 1616…
Van Eyck, Hubert and Jan(EYCK, HUBERT E JAN VAN)Vol. V, p. 567 EYCK, HUBERT and JAN van. — H., d. in 1436, mentioned again in 1425; J., his younger brother, d. in 1441. A late (?) inscription on the frame of the Ghent…
Van Eyck, Hubert and Jan(VAN EYCK, HUBERT E JAN)Vol. XII, p. 630 VAN EYCK, HUBERT and JAN: v. EYCK, HUBERT and JAN van.
Van Gogh, VincentVol. XII, p. 633 VAN GOGH, VINCENT. - Dutch painter, b. at Groot-Zundert on 30 March 1853, d. by suicide at Auvers-sur-Oise on 29 July 1890. His painting epitomizes the various…
Van Noort, Gerard CornelisVol. XII, p. 637 VAN NOORT, GERARD CORNELIS. — Theologian, born on 10 May 1861 at Stompwijk in Holland, died in Amsterdam on 15 September 1946. Ordained a priest on 15 August…
Van Observance(VANA OSSERVANZA)Vol. XII, p. 626 VANA OSSERVANZA. — This is one of the forms of non-cultic superstition, in which practices unsuitable to the purpose one wishes to achieve are performed with a…
Van Rossum, WillemVol. XII, p. 638 VAN ROSSUM, WILLEM. — Cardinal, born at Zwolle (Netherlands) on 3 September 1874, died at Maastricht (Netherlands) on 30 August 1932. Having entered the…
Vancouver, Archdiocese of(VANCOUVER, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 626 VANCOUVER, ARCHDIOCESE of. - City and archdiocese in the western part of continental Canadian Columbia (Canada). It has an area of 119,439 sq. km., with a…
Vandals(VANDALI)Vol. XII, p. 627 VANDALI. – A population of Germanic stock, according to the earliest references (Pliny, Nat. hist., IV, 99; Tacitus, Germania, 2 and 43), settled on the shores…
Vandelbert of Prüm(VANDELBERTO DI PRÜM)Vol. XII, p. 628 VANDELBERTO di PRÜM. – Monk of Prüm and deacon, born around 813 and died after 870. He is credited with one of the oldest known martyrologies, composed around…
Vandregisilus (Wandril), Saint(VANDREGISILO (WANDRILLE), SANTO)Vol. XII, p. 629 VANDREGISILO (WANDRILLE), saint. - Benedict, son of Duke Valchise and a relative of Pipino di Landen, born about 600 in the territory of Verdun and died at the…
Vanini, Giulio Cesare (also Lucilio)(VANINI, GIULIO CESARE (TALORA LUCILIO))Vol. XII, p. 633 VANINI, GIULIO CESARE (occasionally LUCILIO). — A confused and restless figure, an Aristotelian philosophaster, born at Taurisano in Lecce in 1585, died at…
Vannes, Diocese of(VANNES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 633 VANNES, DIOCESI DI. — Diocese and city, capital of the prefecture in the department of Morbihan, France. Its name in Breton is Gwened. It has an area of 6,798…
Vannicelli Casoni, LuigiVol. XII, p. 634 VANNICELLI CASONI, LUIGI. — Cardinal, born at Amelia on 16 April 1801, died at Rome on 21 April 1877. A Vatican canon in 1829, in 1835 he became…
Vannini, Caterina, Venerable(VANNINI, CATERINA, VENERABILE)Vol. XII, p. 634 VANNINI, CATERINA, venerable. — Nun, convert, known as the Sienese Thaïs, b. in Siena on 30 May 1562, d. on 30 July 1606. She soon yielded to the allurements…
Vannini, GiuseppinaVol. XII, p. 637 VANNINI, GIUSEPPINA. - Foundress of the Figlie di s. Camillo, b. in Roma on 7 July 1859, d. there on 23 Feb. 1911. Orphaned at a very early age, she was…
Vannutelli, SerafinoVol. XII, p. 637 VANNUTELLI, SERAFINO. — Cardinal, born in Genazzano (diocese of Palestrina) on 26 November 1834, died in Rome on 19 August 1915. Ordained a priest in 1860, he…
Vannutelli, VincenzoVol. XII, p. 638 VANNUTELLI, VINCENZO. — Cardinal, born at Genazzano (diocese of Palestrina) on 5 December 1836, died in Rome on 9 July 1930. Brother of Serafino. Ordained a…
Vanvitelli, LuigiVol. XII, p. 639 VANVITELLI, LUIGI. — Architect, born in Naples on 26 May 1700, died in Caserta on 1 March 1773. Son of the Dutch vedute painter Gaspare Van Vittel, he was…
Varano, AlfonsoVol. XII, p. 639 VARANO, ALFONSO. - Writer, b. at Ferrara on 13 Dec. 1705, d. there on 18 June 1788. A pupil of Abbé Tagliazucchi at the Modenese College of Nobles, he devoted…
Varano, Battista da, Blessed(VARANO, BATTISTA DA, BEATA)Vol. XII, p. 639 VARANO, BATTISTA da, blessed. - Mystic of the Order of S. Chiara, in the world Camilla, b. at Camerino on 9 Apr. 1458 to Giulio Cesare, lord of that city, d.…
Varchi, BenedettoVol. XII, p. 639 VARCHI, BENEDETTO. - Historian, b. in Firenze on 19 March 1503, d. there on 18 Dec. 1565. At Pisa he completed his studies in jurisprudence and, having…
VardapetVol. XII, p. 639 VARDAPET. - Also written «vartapet» or «vartaped», it is an ecclesiastical title of the Armenian Church, entailing an office and also a certain dignity,…
Vargas y Mexía, Francisco(VARGAS Y MEXIA, FRANCISCO)Vol. XII, p. 640 VARGAS Y MEXIA, FRANCISCO. - Jurist and diplomat, born in Madrid or Toledo toward the end of the 15th century (1484?), died in 1566 in the monastery of the…
Vargas, Alfonso (Toletanus)Vol. XII, p. 640 VARGAS, ALFONSO (Toletanus). - Augustinian philosopher and theologian, b. at Toledo, c. 1300, d. at Seville on 26 Dec. 1366. In Paris he commented on the…
Varisco, BernardinoVol. XII, p. 640 VARISCO, BERNARDINO. — Spiritualist philosopher, born at Chiari (Brescia) on 20 April 1850 and died there on 21 October 1933. His fame began with the Lincei…
Varmondo (Veremondo, Warmundus), Blessed(VARMONDO (VEREMONDO, WARMUNDUS), BEATO)Vol. XII, p. 641 VARMONDO (VEREMONDO, Warmundus), blessed. — Bishop of Ivrea from about 969 to the first decades of the eleventh century. Elected to the see of Ivrea by the…
Varmondo, Blessed(VARMONDO, BEATO)Vol. XII, p. 641 VARMONDO, beato - Sermone di V. al popolo contro Arduino, Amedeo suo fratello e Eurardo, personaggio non altrimenti noto, in occasione, come sembra, della 2ª…
Varones Apostolicos(VARONES APOSTOLICI)Vol. XII, p. 641 APOSTOLIC MEN. - According to a legend that first appeared toward the end of the 8th century, they are: Torquato, Tesifonte, Indalecio, Secondo, Eufrasio,…
Vartan (Vardan), Saint, Called the Great(VARTAN (VARDAN), SANTO, DETTO IL GRANDE)Vol. XII, p. 642 VARTAN (VARDAN), saint, called THE GREAT. – Mamikonian prince, d. in 451. He governed Armenia from 415 to 418 and then, after being defeated by the Persian…
VarunaVol. XII, p. 642 VARUNA. - V. is the god of the starry sky, who presides over rta, the order both moral and cosmic. He placed the sun in the sky, intelligence in hearts, milk…
Vasari, GiorgioVol. XII, p. 642 VASARI, GIORGIO. — Painter, architect, and writer, born on 27 July 1511 in Arezzo, died on 27 June 1574 in Florence. Having demonstrated an aptitude for…
Vashti(VASTHI)Vol. XII, p. 643 VASTHI. - Wife, among those of second rank, and for a brief time favoured, of the Persian king Assuero (v.) or Serse I (486-65), who repudiated her because of…
VassallettoVol. XII, p. 643 VASSALLETTO: v. COSMATI.
VassalloVol. XII, p. 643 VASSALLO. — A medieval legal term denoting the free man of low social standing who placed himself in the feudal service of a powerful man, who became his…
Vasto, Diocese of(VASTO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 643 VASTO, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese in the province of Chieti. The diocese is under the perpetual administration of the archbishop of Chieti ([v.] there for…
Vatatzes, John III Doukas(VATATZES GIOVANNI III DUKAS)Vol. XII, p. 644 VATATZES GIOVANNI III DUKAS. - Emperor of Nicaea (1222–54). He prepared the fall of the Latin Empire of Constantinople, accomplished under his second…
Vatican(VATICANO)Vol. XII, p. 644 I. GEOGRAPHY. Covering a mere 440,000 square meters, it is the smallest known State and is entirely enclosed within the urban perimeter of Rome, on the slopes…
Vatican Archive(ARCHIVIO VATICANO)Vol. I, p. 1087 ARCHIVIO VATICANO: V. VATICANO, ARCHIVIO.
Vatican City(CITTÀ DEL VATICANO)Vol. III, p. 1018 CITTÀ DEL VATICANO : v. VATICANO, CITTÀ DEL.
Vatican Council(VATICANO CONCILIO)Vol. XII, p. 728 VATICANO CONCILIO. – The twentieth and last ecumenical council, opened by Pius IX on 8 December 1869 in the Vatican Basilica and interrupted by the occupation…
Vatican Fragments(FRAGMENTA VATICANA)Vol. V, p. 929 FRAGMENTA VATICANA. - This was the name given to a collection of pre-Justinian law discovered by Card. A. Mai in the palimpsest Vat. lat. 5766, and published…
Vatican Illumination(ILLUSTRAZIONE VATICANA)Vol. VI, p. 949 ILLUSTRAZIONE VATICANA. — On 25 December 1930, the first issue of this fortnightly periodical appeared, directed by G. Dalla Torre and by an editorial…
Vaughan, DianaVol. XII, p. 730 VAUGHAN, DIANA: v. TAXIL, LEO.
Vaughan, HerbertVol. XII, p. 730 VAUGHAN, HERBERT. – Cardinal, born at Gloucester on 15 April 1832, died at Westminster on 19 June 1903. Descended from an ancient family that had remained…
Vauvenargues, Luc de Clapiers, Seigneur de(VAUVENARGUES, LUC DE CLAPIERS, SIGNORE DI)Vol. XII, p. 731 VAUVENARGUES, LUC DE CLAPIERS, signore di. – French moralist, born on 6 August 1715 at Aix-en- Provence, died in Paris on 28 May 1747. He fought in the…
Vecchietta, Lorenzo di Pietro, detto IlVol. XII, p. 733 VECCHIETTA, LORENZO DI PIETRO, detto il. — Painter, sculptor, and architect, b. at Castiglione di Val d'Orcia in 1412, d. at Siena on 6 June 1480. In 1441 he…
Veda and Vedism(VEDA E VEDISMO)Vol. XII, p. 733 VEDA E VEDISMO. — In discussing Brahmanesimo (v.), mention was made of the V. and of the Vedic religion, or Vedism. But it is necessary to dwell further on the…
Vedoiove(VEDIOVE)Vol. XII, p. 739 VEDIOVE. - A god of ancient Roman religion. The festival marked on 21 May in the archaic calendar with the single word Agonium is shown (by later calendrical…
Vedruna, Joaquína de, Blessed(VEDRUNA, JOAQUINA DE, BEATA)Vol. XII, p. 741 VEDRUNA, JOAQUINA de, blessed. - Foundress of the Carmelite Sisters of Charity, b. in Barcelona on 16 Apr. 1783, d. in Vich on 28 Aug. 1854. Married at the age…
VedāntaVol. XII, p. 739 VEDĀNTA. – One of the six orthodox philosophical systems, and perhaps the most important, since it still has millions of followers among Indians of the…
Vega Carpio, Lope Félix de(VEGA CARPÍO, LOPE FELIX DE)Vol. XII, p. 742 VEGA CARPÍO, LOPE FELIX de. — Poet, born in Madrid on 25 November 1562, died there on 27 August 1635. Of modest family circumstances, a pupil at the Jesuits’…
Vega, Andrés de(VEGA, ANDRES DE)Vol. XII, p. 741 VEGA, ANDRES de. – Franciscan theologian, born in Segovia in 1498, died at Salamanca in September 1549. He studied and taught at Salamanca; at the age of 40 he…
Vegetarianism(VEGETARISMO)Vol. XII, p. 743 VEGETARISMO: v. ASTINENZA, IV. Medicina pastorale.
Vegetative Life(VITA VEGETATIVA)Vol. XII, p. 959 VEGETATIVE LIFE. — In contrast to relational and animal life, it consists in the group of activities that tend to guarantee the effective functioning of the…
Veghe, JoannesVol. XII, p. 743 VEGHE, JOANNES. – Representative of the “devotio moderna,” born in Münster (Germany) in 1431 or 1432, died at Niesink in 1504. In 1451 he joined the Brethren…
Vegio, MaffeoVol. XII, p. 743 VEGIO, MAFFEO. – Humanist, born in Lodi in 1407, died in Rome before 29 June 1458; he was buried in the chapel of S. Monica in the church of S. Agostino. At…
Vela, VincenzoVol. XII, p. 745 VELA, VINCENZO. - Sculptor, b. at Ligornetto near Mendrisio in Canton Ticino on May 3, 1822, d. there on Oct. 4, 1891. The first sculpture that brought fame to…
Velehrad, Sanctuary of(VELEHRAD, SANTUARIO DI)Vol. XII, p. 746 VELEHRAD, SANCTUARY of. — In the diocese of Olomouc (v.) in Czechoslovakia, a place of pilgrimage and the seat of the international Unionist Congresses. In the…
VeliVol. XII, p. 747 VELI. - The veils that adorned Christian basilicas certainly derive from common usage in patrician dwellings and Roman public buildings. (courtesy of Mons. J.…
Velletri, Diocese of(VELLETRI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 748 VELLETRI, DIOCESE of. - It is one of the suburbicarian dioceses which, with the exception of the city and territory of V. included in the province of Rome,…
Vellico, Antonio MariaVol. XII, p. 749 VELLICO, ANTONIO MARIA. - Theologian of the Order of Friars Minor, b. at Dignano di Istria on 14 Dec. 1894, d. at Feltre (Belluno) on 26 Apr. 1942. A religious…
Vellore, Diocese of(VELLORE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 749 VELLORE, DIOCESE of. - Situated in south-eastern India and erected by decree of 13 Nov. 1952 with territory detached from the archdiocese of Madras. It…
Velázquez, Diego Rodríguez de Silva y(VELÁZQUEZ, DIEGO RODRIGUEZ DE SILVA Y)Vol. XII, p. 746 VELÁZQUEZ, DIEGO RODRIGUEZ DE SILVA y. – Painter, b. in Seville on 6 June 1599 and d. in Madrid on 7 Aug. 1660. A pupil of the colorist and realist Francisco…
VenafroVol. XII, p. 750 VENAFRO. - Ancient diocese and city in the province of Campobasso, situated at the foot of Monte Croce. It was inhabited in very ancient times by the…
Venantius Fortunatus, Saint(VENANZIO FORTUNATO, SANTO)Vol. XII, p. 751 VENANZIO FORTUNATO, saint. — Born ca. 530 near Treviso, died at Poitiers shortly after 600. He studied at Ravenna and made a pilgrimage to the tomb of s.…
Venantius, Saint, Martyr(VENANZIO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. XII, p. 750 VENANZIO, saint, martyr. – Two saints of this name are the best known: the protobishop of Salona (v.) and the martyr of Camerino (v.). The information…
Venard, Jean-Théophane, Blessed(VENARD, JEAN-THÉOPHANE, BEATO)Vol. XII, p. 751 VENARD, JEAN-THÉOPHANE, Blessed. - B. November 21, 1829, in St-Loup-sur-Thouet (Deux-Sèvres, France) and d. February 2, 1861. While already a subdeacon, he…
VenasqueVol. XII, p. 751 VENASQUE. - An ancient diocese in Provence, France, from which the Comtat Venaissin took its name in the Middle Ages; today it is a village in the district of…
Vence, Bible of(VENCE, BIBBIA, DI)Vol. XII, p. 751 VENCE BIBLE, - A French edition of the Bible with commentary, prepared by Enrico Francesco V. (c. 1675-1749), which appeared at Nancy (1738-43) in 22 vols. The…
VendiVol. XII, p. 752 VENDI. - Slavic populations who inhabited vast regions between the Elbe and the Oder, bounded to the north by the Baltic Sea and to the south by Moravia. Their…
VenditaVol. XII, p. 752 VENDITA: V. COMPRAVENDITA.
Vendville, JeanVol. XII, p. 753 VENDVILLE, JEAN. - Bishop of Tournai, b. at Lille on 24 June 1527, d. at Tournai on 15 Oct. 1592. At the age of 15 he went to Paris to attend courses in civil…
VendômeVol. XII, p. 752 VENDÔME. – The Benedictine abbey of the Most Holy Trinity of V., in the département of Loir-et-Cher in France, was founded in 1034 by Goffredo, count of…
Venegono Inferiore, Seminary and Faculty of Theology of(VENEGONO INFERIORE, SEMINARIO E FACOLTÀ TEOLOGICA DI)Vol. XII, p. 753 VENEGONO INFERIORE, SEMINARY AND THEOLOGICAL FACULTY by. — A modest municipality in the province of Varese, it attained renown in Italy and abroad when (1927)…
Veneration of the Dead(DEFUNTI, VENERAZIONE DEI)Vol. IV, p. 769 DEFUNTI, VENERATION of the. - The complex of all practices directed toward the deceased among various peoples and in different religions. CONTENTS: I. In…
Venerini, Rosa, Blessed(VENERINI, ROSA, BEATA)Vol. XII, p. 754 VENERINI, ROSA, blessed. — Foundress of the Maestre pie, born at Viterbo on 9 February 1656, died at Rome on 7 May 1728. Educated with Christian rigor, after a…
VenetisVol. XII, p. 100 VENETIS. IN AEDIBVS ALDI. MENSE IVLIO. ALD. Hana libram non lore nati in locis & Dominici IIIa. V. longare vige excedere. (photo, Enc. Cott.) TYPOGRAPHY — Last…
VenetoVol. XII, p. 754 VENETO. — It is the entire region enclosed between the Alpine arc, Lake Garda, the Mincio, the Po, and the Adriatic. It is divided into three distinct units:…
VenezuelaVol. XII, p. 785 VENEZUELA. – I. GEOGRAPHY. – The northernmost of the Atlantic states of South America, and the only one whose territory lies entirely north of the Equator.…
Vengeance(VENDETTA)Vol. XII, p. 752 VENDETTA: V. CARITÀ; ODIO.
Veni Creator SpiritusVol. XII, p. 789 «VENI CREATOR SPIRITUS». - Hymn of Vespers and Terce in the Office of Pentecost. By an unknown author of the late 9th century, it is already found in codices…
Veni Sancte SpiritusVol. XII, p. 790 «VENI SANCTE SPIRITUS». — Sequence of the Mass of Pentecost, attributed to Stefano Langton (v. PENTECOSTE). A strophic composition of three-line stanzas…
Venice, Patriarchate of(VENEZIA, PATRIARCATO DI)Vol. XII, p. 773 VENEZIA, PATRIARCATO di. - Patriarchate and capital city of the province in Veneto. The diocese has a population of 362,564 inhabitants, of whom 357,250 are…
Venier, SebastianoVol. XII, p. 789 VENIER, SEBASTIANO. - Doge of Venice, b. c. 1496, d. 3 March 1578. After holding high offices in the Republic, among them those of savio grande, provveditore…
Venosa, County of(VENOSINO, CONTADO)Vol. XII, p. 791 VENOSINO, CONTADO: V. AVIGNONE; VENASQUE.
Venosa, Diocese of(VENOSA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 790 VENOSA, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the province of Potenza; it has an area of 587 sq. km and a population of 50,200 inhabitants, of whom 50,000 are…
Ventimiglia, Diocese of(VENTIMIGLIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 791 VENTIMIGLIA, DIOCESI di. - It has an area of 715.50 sq. km., with 101,000 inhabitants, of whom 155 are non-Catholics. It has 82 parishes and one autonomous…
Ventimiglia, MarianoVol. XII, p. 793 VENTIMIGLIA, MARIANO. - Carmelite, general and historiographer of the Order, b. at Vatolla (Salerno) on 18 February 1703, d. at Naples on 28 April 1790.…
Ventura di Raulica, GioacchinoVol. XII, p. 793 VENTURA di RAULICA, GIOACCHINO. — Publicist, orator, and Theatine philosopher, born in Palermo on 8 December 1792, died at Versailles on 2 August 1861. A pupil…
Ventura, GuglielmoVol. XII, p. 793 VENTURA, GUGLIELMO. - Born in Asti c. 1250, died after 1310. He wrote an interesting chronicle of the events of his native city, of Piedmont and of the…
Venturi, AdolfoVol. XII, p. 795 VENTURI, ADOLFO - RITISTO. in art-historical matters, in 1880 he was summoned to Rome to the Ministry of Public Education, with supervisory duties and the task…
Venturi, Giovanni BattistaVol. XII, p. 795 VENTURI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. – Priest, scientist, and politician, born in Bibbiano on 11 September 1746, died in Reggio Emilia on 10 September 1822. Professor…
Venturino da BergamoVol. XII, p. 795 VENTURINO DA BERGAMO. – Famous Dominican preacher, b. in Bergamo on 19 April 1304, d. in Smyrna on 23 March 1346. He entered religious life in his native city…
Venus(VENERE)Vol. XII, p. 753 VENERE. — Goddess of undoubtedly Italic origins, yet foreign to the most ancient Roman pantheon, since, according to certain Roman historians, she was not…
Venuta, LuigiVol. XII, p. 796 VENUTA, LUIGI. – Priest, born in Nicosia on 3 January 1823, died in New Jersey (U.S.A.) in 1872. Attached to the Palermo parish of S. Rocco, in January 1848 he…
Veraci, Croci Pissa(VERACI, CROCIPISSA)Vol. XII, p. 796 VERACI, CROCIPISSA. - Camaldolese mystic of the monastery of Pratovecchio (diocese of Fiesole), b. 18 Oct. 1749 in Firenze, d. there 16 Feb. 1822. She became a…
Veracruz (Residencia Jalapa), Archdiocese of(VERA CRUZ (RESIDENZA JALAPA), ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 796 VERA CRUZ (residence JALAPA), ARCHDIOCESE of. - City and archdiocese of the State of V. C. in Mexico. It has an area of 21,000 sq. km. and a population of…
Verallo, GirolamoVol. XII, p. 796 VERALLO, GIROLAMO. - Cardinal, born at Cori about 1497, died at Rome on 10 Oct. 1555. Having entered the ecclesiastical career under the protection of Paolo…
Veranzio, AntonioVol. XII, p. 797 VERANZIO, ANTONIO. — Archbishop of Strigonia, diplomat, humanist, and Hungarian historian, born in Sebenico on 29 May 1504, died on 16 June 1573 at Esztergom.…
Verapaz (Residencia Cobán), Diocese of(VERA PAZ (RESIDENZA COBAN), DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 797 VERA PAZ (residence COBAN), DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in Guatemala (Central America). It has an area of 14,000 sq km and a population of 394,580…
Verapoly, Archdiocese of(VERAPOLY, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 797 VERAPOLY, ARCHDIOCESE of. – Situated in south-western India, State of Cochin-Travancore. It borders the dioceses of Calicut, Coimbatore, Vijayapuram, and…
Verbiest, FerdinandVol. XII, p. 797 VERBIEST, FERDINAND. — Jesuit, missionary, and astronomer at the Court of Peking, born at Pitthem, near Courtrai (Belgium), on 29 October 1623, died at Peking…
Verbum DominiVol. XII, p. 798 VERBUM DOMINI. - Journal of the Pontifical Biblical Institute, founded in 1921 «spargendia ubique sanis de re biblica doctrinis» (in situ proprio of Pius X…
Verbőczi, Stefano(VERBÖCZI, STEFANO)Vol. XII, p. 798 VERBÖCZI, STEFANO. – Hungarian jurist and humanist, born in 1458, died in 1541. Supreme judge, grand chancellor, and palatine lieutenant of the king, he began…
Vercelli, Archdiocese of(VERCELLI, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 798 VERCELLI, ARCIDIOCESI of. — It has an area of 1,658 sq km and a population of 198,500 inhabitants, distributed among 139 parishes, of which 119 are in the…
Vercellone, Carlo GiuseppeVol. XII, p. 803 VERCELLONE, CARLO GIUSEPPE. — Biblical scholar, born at Sordevolo near Biella on 10 January 1814, died in Rome on 19 January 1869. In 1829 he entered the…
Verdaguer i Santaló, Jacint(VERDAGUER I SANTALÒ, JACINT)Vol. XII, p. 803 VERDAGUER I SANTALÒ, JACINT. - Catalan priest and poet, b. at Folgaroles on 17 May 1845, d. at Vallvidriera on 10 June 1902. Of his many journeys in Europe and…
Verdi, GiuseppeVol. XII, p. 803 VERDI, GIUSEPPE. – Musician, born at Roncole near Busseto (Parma) on 10 October 1813, died in Milan on 27 January 1901. He received the first rudiments of…
VerdianaVol. XII, p. 805 VERDIANA, saint—S. V. among two serpents, symbols of the tempting devil; panel painting formerly attributed to Duccio di Boninsegna (14th…
Verdiana, Saint(VERDIANA, SANTA)Vol. XII, p. 804 VERDIANA, saint. — Recluse virgin, born at Castelfiorentino in Tuscany (in 1827), to parents of modest means. For some time she served a wealthy relative of…
Verdier, JeanVol. XII, p. 804 VERDIER, JEAN. — Cardinal, born in La Croix-Barrez (diocese of Rodez) on 19 February 1864, died in Paris on 9 April 1940. Having entered the Society of S.…
Verdun, Diocese of(VERDUN, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XII, p. 805 VERDUN, DIOCESI of. — Diocese and capital city of the Meuse department in France. It has an area of 6,240 sq. km and a population of 188,780, of whom 180,000…
VerecondiaVol. XII, p. 805 VERECONDIA. – From the Latin vereor, from which the other Italian noun «vergogna» is also derived; but between the two derivatives there is a notable…
VerecondoVol. XII, p. 806 VERECONDO. — Bishop of Junca in the African province of Byzacena, flourishing in the sixth century, died at Chalcedon in the hospice of S. Euphemia in 552. A…
Verepaeus, SimonVol. XII, p. 806 VEREPAEUS, SIMON. - Humanist and theologian, b. at Dommelen-Valkenswaard (Netherlands) in 1552, d. at ’s-Hertogenbosch in 1598. “Magister artium” at the…
Verga, GiovanniVol. XII, p. 806 VERGA, GIOVANNI. — Writer, born in Catania on 31 August 1840, died there on 27 January 1922. While still very young, he wrote historical novels inspired by…
Vergani, PaoloVol. XII, p. 806 VERGANI, PAOLO. — Prelate and economist, born in Piedmont in 1753, died in Paris around 1820. Biographical information about V. is scant, although he was one…
Vergerio, Pier Paolo the Elder(VERGERIO, PIER PAOLO IL VECCHIO)Vol. XII, p. 807 VERGERIO, PIER PAOLO the Elder. — Man of letters and diplomat, b. at Capodistria around 1370, d. at Budapest on 8 July 1444. He studied at Padua; in 1386, in…
Vergerio, Pier Paolo the Younger(VERGERIO, PIER PAOLO IL GIOVANE)Vol. XII, p. 808 VERGERIO, PIER PAOLO the Younger. — Apostate bishop, born in 1497–98 at Capodistria to Girolamo, a local nobleman; died at Tübingen on 4 October 1565. He…
Vergins of Jesus and Mary(VERGINI DI GESU E MARIA)Vol. XII, p. 810 VERGINI DI GESU E MARIA. – Founded in the diocese of St-Claude in France in 1844 by the parish priest Giuseppe Brun. Although living a contemplative life, the…
Vering, Friedrich HeinrichVol. XII, p. 812 VERING, FRIEDRICH HEINRICH. - Canonist, b. at Liesborn in Westphalia on 3 March 1833, d. at Prague on 30 March 1896. He pursued his legal studies at Bonn and…
VerismoVol. XII, p. 812 VERISMO. — If by v. in literature one understands an vivid representation of characters or situations, it may be said that this form has never been absent from…
Verità, GiovanniVol. XII, p. 819 VERITÀ, GIOVANNI. — Priest, born at Modigliana on 18 February 1807, died there on 26 November 1885. Associated with the liberal movement in the Romagne, he…
Verjus, Enrico Battista StanislaoVol. XII, p. 819 VERJUS, ENRICO BATTISTA STANISLAO. - Bishop and missionary, b. at Oleggio (diocese of Novara) on 26 March 1860, d. there on 13 Nov. 1892. Having soon moved to…
Verlaine, PaulVol. XII, p. 819 VERLAINE, PAUL. – Poet and initiator of the French Symbolist movement, born in Metz on 30 March 1844, died in Paris on 8 January 1896. In Paris, where the…
