CASTIGLIONE (Gabii). — About twelve miles from Rome, along the Via Prenestina, near ancient Gabii, a Christian community flourished from the earliest centuries (CIL, XIV, 2824).
It is not easy to determine whether the martyr Primitivus belonged to this church, as suggested by a document of partly doubtful authenticity (BHL, 3524), though it is certain that this martyr was venerated there according to the most ancient testimonies of the martyrologies. In any case, by the 5th century, there is reliable information about the bishops of Gabii, who, however, soon ceased to exist. A notable remaining Christian monument is the cemetery known as that of St. Primitivus, which seems to date back to the 4th century.
BIBL.: G. B. de Rossi, in Bull. d'arch. crist., 2nd series, 4 (1873), p. 112; M. Armellini, Gli antichi cimiteri cristiani di Roma e d'Istia, Rome 1823, p. 561; Lanzoni, pp. 129-32, 359-58.