UMBRELLINO (umbrella, umbraculum). — A small, collapsible umbrella made of white damask silk (red in the Ambrosian rite), adorned with gold or silk fringe, which is held in reverence above the priest carrying the Blessed Sacrament in processions (before entering under the large baldachin and upon exiting) and when administering Viaticum in the form—
UMBRELLINO — A cleric holds the *o.* over the head of Pope Liberius as he traces the plan of the basilica of St. Mary Major. Fresco by Filippo Rusuti (late 13th century) — Rome, basilica of St. Mary Major.Persian. In October 1820 he went to Paris to S. de Saccy, the most celebrated Arabist of the time; he remained there until 1823, studied Turkish, and came into contact with A. von Humboldt. In 1823 he became extraordinary professor, and in 1830 ordinary professor of Oriental languages at Kiel; four times rector of the University, in 1852 he resigned because of political events, but on the advice of A. von Humboldt he was called to Königsberg as professor and first librarian. From 1858 to 1874 he was rapporteur and advisor in the Ministry for Worship in Berlin. Through his publications he sought to promote textual criticism of the Old Testament and knowledge of Hebrew grammar; he made use of Akkadian texts and Arabic, which, exaggerating, he believed to be very close to primitive Semitic.
His most important works: *Emendationen zum Alt. Test.* (1826); *Zur Topogr. des alt. Jerusalem* (1833); *Observationes criticae ad Vetus Test.* (1836); *Hiobommentar* (1852) and *Psalmenkommentar* (1853), both belonging to the *Kurzgefasstes exegetisches Handbuch* of Leipzig (O. places most of the Psalms in the Maccabean period); *Ueber das Vokalsystem der hebr. Sprache nach der sogen. assyr. Punktation* (1865); *Beiträge zur Kritik des überlieferten Textes im Buche Genesis* (1870). His principal work is the *Lehrbuch der hebr. Sprache* (1861-1): I. *Laut- und Schriftlehre*; II. *Formenlehre*; vol. III. *Syntax* did not appear.
ALOSTENIO, LUCA: HOSTE, LUKAS.