Monologium, on the Being of God62 Chapter LXII. How it seems that of these three more sons than one are born.

sant'Anselmo d'Aosta († 1109) · Monologion · 1075-1076

Chapter LXII. How it seems that of these three more sons than one are born.

But perhaps the following observation will prove inconsistent with this assertion. It should not be doubted that the Father and the Son and their Spirit each expresses himself and the other two, just as each conceives of, and understands, himself and the other two. But, if this is true, are there not in the supreme Being as many words as there are expressive beings, and as many words as there are beings who are expressed?

For, if more men than one give expression to some one object in thought, apparently there are as many words corresponding to that object as there are thinkers; since the word corresponding to it exists in the thoughts of each separately. Again, if one man thinks of more objects than one, there are as many words in the mind of the thinker as there are objects thought of.

But in the thought of a man, when he thinks of anything outside his own mind, the word corresponding to the object thought of is not born of the object itself, since that is absent from the view of thought, but of some likeness or image of the object which exists in the memory of the thinker, or which is perhaps called to mind through a corporeal sense from the present object itself.

But in the supreme Being, Father and Son and their Spirit are always so present to one another—for each one, as we have already seen, exists in the others no less than in himself—that, when they express one another, the one that is expressed seems to beget his own word, just as when he is expressed by himself. How is it, then, that the Son and the Spirit of the Son and of the Father beget nothing, if each begets his own word, when he is expressed by himself or by another? Apparently as many words as can be proved to be born of the supreme Substance, so many Sons, according to our former reasoning, must there be begotten of this substance, and so many spirits proceeding from it.

Sed ne forte repugnet huic assertioni quod intueor: nam dubium esse non debet quia Pater, et Filius, et eorum Spiritus, unusquisque seipsum et alios ambos dicit; sicut se, et alios intelligit. Quod si ita est, quomodo non sunt in summa essentia tot verba quot sunt dicentes, et quot sunt qui dicuntur? Si enim plures homines unum aliquid cogitatione dicant, tot ejus videntur esse verba quot sunt cogitantes; quia in singulorum cogitationibus verbum ejus est. Item, si unus homo cogitat aliqua plura, tot verba sunt in mente cogitantis quot sunt res cogitatae. Sed in hominis cogitatione, cum cogitat aliquid quod extra ejus mentem est, non nascitur verbum cogitatae rei ex ipsa re; quia ipsa absens est a cogitationis intuitu, sed ex rei aliqua similitudine vel imagine, quae est in cogitantis memoria, aut forte quae tunc, cum cogitat, per corporeum sensum ex re praesenti in mentem attrahitur. In summa vero essentia sic sibi semper sunt praesentes Pater, et Filius, et eorum Spiritus: est enim, sicut jam perspectum est, unusquisque non minus in aliis quam in seipso; ut cum invicem se dicunt, sic videatur idem ipse, qui dicitur, gignere verbum suum, quemadmodum cum a seipso dicitur. Quomodo ergo nihil gignit Filius, aut ejus Patrisque Spiritus; si unusquisque eorum verbum gignit suum, cum a seipso dicitur vel ab alio? Quot autem verba probari possunt de summa nasci substantia, tot eam necesse est, secundum superiorem considerationem, filios gignere, et tot emittere spiritus.

Sidney Norton Deane (1878–1943), Chicago: Open Court, 1903. Fonte del testo digitale: English Wikisource transcription of the 1903 edition (each chapter checked against the OCR of the Internet Archive scan stanselmeproslog00anseuoft). Testo originale: Corpus Corporum (University of Zurich) TEI of the Patrologia Latina, via the CatholicCorpus mirror. Public domain in the US and Canada: published 1903; translator died 1943. Latin: Migne, PL 158 (1853), public domain.

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