Concerning the Nature of Good, Against the Manichæans

sant'Agostino d'Ippona (354–430 d.C.) · De natura boni · PL 42, 551–572

  1. pref. Preface
  2. 1. God the Highest and Unchangeable Good, from Whom are All Other Good Things, Spiritual and Corporeal
  3. 2. How This May Suffice for Correcting the Manichæans
  4. 3. Measure, Form, and Order, Generic Goods in Things Made by God
  5. 4. Evil is Corruption of Measure, Form, or Order
  6. 5. The Corrupted Nature of a More Excellent Order Sometimes Better Than an Inferior Nature Even Uncorrupted
  7. 6. Nature Which Cannot Be Corrupted is the Highest Good; That Which Can, is Some Good
  8. 7. The Corruption of Rational Spirits is on the One Hand Voluntary, on the Other Penal
  9. 8. From the Corruption and Destruction of Inferior Things is the Beauty of the Universe
  10. 9. Punishment is Constituted for the Sinning Nature that It May Be Rightly Ordered
  11. 10. Natures Corruptible, Because Made of Nothing
  12. 11. God Cannot Suffer Harm, Nor Can Any Other Nature Except by His Permission
  13. 12. All Good Things are from God Alone
  14. 13. Individual Good Things, Whether Small or Great, are from God
  15. 14. Small Good Things in Comparison with Greater are Called by Contrary Names
  16. 15. In the Body of the Ape the Good of Beauty is Present, Though in a Less Degree
  17. 16. Privations in Things are Fittingly Ordered by God
  18. 17. Nature, in as Far as It is Nature, No Evil
  19. 18. Hyle, Which Was Called by the Ancients the Formless Material of Things, is Not an Evil
  20. 19. To Have True Existence is an Exclusive Prerogative of God
  21. 20. Pain Only in Good Natures
  22. 21. From Measure Things are Said to Be Moderate-Sized
  23. 22. Measure in Some Sense is Suitable to God Himself
  24. 23. Whence a Bad Measure, a Bad Form, a Bad Order May Sometimes Be Spoken of
  25. 24. It is Proved by the Testimonies of Scripture that God is Unchangeable. The Son of God Begotten, Not Made
  26. 25. This Last Expression Misunderstood by Some
  27. 26. That Creatures are Made of Nothing
  28. 27. ’From Him’ And ‘Of Him’ Do Not Mean The Same Thing
  29. 28. Sin Not From God, But From The Will of Those Sinning
  30. 29. That God is Not Defiled by Our Sins
  31. 30. That Good Things, Even the Least, and Those that are Earthly, are by God
  32. 31. To Punish and to Forgive Sins Belong Equally to God
  33. 32. From God Also is the Very Power to Be Hurtful
  34. 33. That Evil Angels Have Been Made Evil, Not by God, But by Sinning
  35. 34. That Sin is Not the Striving for an Evil Nature, But the Desertion of a Better
  36. 35. The Tree Was Forbidden to Adam Not Because It Was Evil, But Because It Was Good for Man to Be Subject to God
  37. 36. No Creature of God is Evil, But to Abuse a Creature of God is Evil
  38. 37. God Makes Good Use of the Evil Deeds of Sinners
  39. 38. Eternal Fire Torturing the Wicked, Not Evil
  40. 39. Fire is Called Eternal, Not as God Is, But Because Without End
  41. 40. Neither Can God Suffer Hurt, Nor Any Other, Save by the Just Ordination of God
  42. 41. How Great Good Things the Manichæans Put in the Nature of Evil, and How Great Evil Things in the Nature of Good
  43. 42. Manichæan Blasphemies Concerning the Nature of God
  44. 43. Many Evils Before His Commingling with Evil are Attributed to the Nature of God by the Manichæans
  45. 44. Incredible Turpitudes in God Imagined by Manichæus
  46. 45. Certain Unspeakable Turpitudes Believed, Not Without Reason, Concerning the Manichæans Themselves
  47. 46. The Unspeakable Doctrine of the Fundamental Epistle
  48. 47. He Compels to the Perpetration of Horrible Turpitudes
  49. 48. Augustin Prays that the Manichæans May Be Restored to Their Senses

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Philip Schaff (ed.), Buffalo/New York: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886-1889. Public domain: English translation first published 1885-1900 (Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series). Latin: Migne, Patrologia Latina (1844-1855), public domain; transcription from Corpus Corporum (University of Zurich).

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