CELESTINE II, POPE. — Guido of Città di Castello was created by HONORIUS II a cardinal deacon of S. Maria in via Lata and transferred by INNOCENT II to the presbyteral title of S. Marco. After displaying intense activity as a legate, both in the retinue of his Pontiff and against Anacletus II and in the Curia, he was called to succeed INNOCENT on 26 Sept. 1143, for the brief months that still remained of his life. While still young, he had been a pupil of Peter Abelard in Paris; as Pope, he summoned to Rome his former fellow student Robert Pulleyn, who had become master of Sacred Scripture and of Aristotelian philosophy, elevating him to the cardinalate. He governed the Church amid the disturbances of the popular revolution led by Arnold of Brescia and died on 3 March 1144 in the fortified cloister of the Palladium (S. Maria in Pallara) on the Palatine, where some years earlier the atrocious scene of violence had taken place that inaugurated the pontificate of GELASIUS II.
CELESTINO II, PAPA
BIBL.: For the cardinal’s activity: J. M. Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums V. 1130-87, Berlin 1912, pp. 22 sg.; P. F. Palumbo, Lo scisma del MCXXXV, Rome 1942 (cf. index: s. V. GUIDO DA SIENA. Maria in via Lata). On the Pope: J. M. Watterich, Pontificum Rom. vitae, II, Leipzig 1862, pp. 276 sg.; Hefele-Leclercq, V, pp. 760 and 795; F. Gregorovius, Storia della città di Roma nel medioevo, II, Rome 1901, pp. 504 sg.; A. Corsetti, L’intervento del popolo nell’elezione di C. II (1143), Velletri 1920; A. Wilmart, in Rev. bénédictine, 35 (1923), pp. 98-102. Pier Fausto Palumbo.