QUEEN, Hyacinthe-Louis, Count of. – Prelate, b. 18 Oct 1778 at Paris, d. there 31 Dec 1839. Of an old Breton family and a younger son of J. Claude de Q., he was destined for an ecclesiastical career and ordained priest in 1807. In 1819 he was made titular Archbishop of Samosata and appointed coadjutor, with right of succession, to Cardinal de Talleyrand-Périgord, Archbishop of Paris.
He succeeded him on 20 Oct 1821 and was named a Peer of France on 31 Oct 1822. He opposed the principles of Lamennais (q.v.) in his work *Des progrès de la révolution et de la guerre contre l'Église*, issuing a pastoral letter to the clergy and faithful of his diocese on the occasion of the death of Leo XII. Without naming Lamennais, he described him as a presumptuous man who sought to erect his personal opinions into dogmas, and accused him of fostering doctrines that sowed distrust and hatred between subjects and sovereigns, doctrines that would subvert society from its foundations. Lamennais took the opportunity to polemicize with the Archbishop of Paris in *L’Avenir*. Once again, after the encyclical *Mirari vos* and Lamennais’s retraction of 5 Nov 1832, the Archbishop of Paris found himself in prolonged discussions with Lamennais in the episcopal palace, and Q. strove to act as mediator, succeeding in persuading the rebel to submit absolutely and unreservedly. But within a few months Lamennais openly broke with the Church.
To the July Revolution and the Orléanist monarchy, Q. remained consistently hostile, perhaps convinced that the new regime would not last beyond *l’espace d’un matin*. Various sacrilegious demonstrations, notably the grave incident of 14–15 Feb 1831, which was followed by the sacking of the Archbishop’s residence, strengthened his aversion and hostility toward the new government, so that he never reconciled himself to the July Monarchy. His continued tenure of the archiepiscopal see, after Gregory XVI had in 1831 rejected the government’s request for the prelate’s deposition, became a stumbling block to the normalization and improvement of relations between the Holy See and the France of Louis-Philippe. Garibaldi’s interruption of his efforts failed to convince the Archbishop to recognize the constituted authorities. At most, Q. limited himself to congratulating the sovereign whenever he escaped assassination attempts.