The Seven Books of John Cassian on the Incarnation of the Lord, Against Nestorius pref

Giovanni Cassiano (360–435 d.C.) · De incarnatione Christi · PL 50, 8–272

pref Preface PL 50, 8

When I had now finished the books of Spiritual Conferences, the merit of which consists in the thoughts expressed rather than in the language used (since my rude utterances were unequal to the deep thoughts of the saints), I had contemplated and almost determined on taking refuge in silence (as I was ashamed of having exposed my ignorance) that I might as far as possible make up for my audacity in speaking by modestly holding my tongue for the future. But you have overcome my determination and purpose by your commendable earnestness and most urgent affection, my dear Leo, my esteemed and highly regarded friend, ornament that you are of the Roman Church and sacred ministry, as you drag me forth from the obscurity of the silence on which I had determined, into a public court which I may well dread, and oblige me to undertake new labours while I am still blushing for my past ones. And though I was unequal to lesser tasks, you compel me to match myself with greater ones. For even in those trifling works, in which of our small ability we offered some small offering to the Lord, I would never have attempted to do or apply myself to anything unless I had been led to it by Episcopal command. And so through you there has been an increase of importance both of our subject and of our language. For whereas before we spoke, when bidden, of the business of the Lord, you now require us to speak of the actual Incarnation and glory of the Lord Himself. And so we who were formerly brought as it were into the holy place of the temple by priestly hands, now penetrate under your guidance and protection, so to speak, into the holy of holies. Great is the honour but most perilous the undertaking, because the prize of the holy sanctuary and the divine reward can only be secured by a victory over our foe. And so you require and charge us to raise our feeble hands against a fresh heresy and a new enemy of the faith, and that we should take our stand, so to speak, against the awful open-mouthed gapings of the deadly serpent, that at my summons the power of prophecy and the divine force of the gospel word may destroy the dragon now rising up with sinuous course against the Churches of God. I obey your intreaty: I yield to your command: for I had rather trust in my own matters to you than to myself, especially as the love of Jesus Christ my Lord commands me this as well as you, for He Himself gives me this charge in your person. For in this matter you are more concerned than I am, as your judgment stands in peril rather than my duty. For in my case, whether I prove equal to what you have commanded me or no, the very fact of my obedience and humility will be in some degree an excuse for me; if indeed I might not urge that there is more value in my obedience, if there is less that I can do. For we easily comply with any one’s orders, out of our abundance: but his is a great and wonderful work, whose desires exceed his powers. Yours then is this work and business, and yours it is to be ashamed of it. Pray and intreat that your choice may not be discredited by my clumsiness; and that, supposing we do not answer the expectations which you have formed of us, you may not seem to have been wrong in commanding out of an ill-considered determination, while I was right in yielding, owing to the claims of obedience.

Absolutis dudum Collationum spiritalium libellis sensu magis quam sermone insignibus (quia alto sanctorum virorum sensui sermo nostrae imperitiae impar fuit), cogitaram et propemodum constitueram, post illum proditae inscitiae pudorem, ita me in portu silentii collocare, ut excusarem, quantum in me esset, per taciturnitatis verecundiam loquacitatis audaciam. Sed vicisti propositum ac sententiam meam laudabili studio et imperiosissimo affectu tuo, mi Leo venerande [ Lips. in marg. veneranda], ac suspicienda charitas mea Romanae Ecclesiae ac divini ministerii decus, producens me ex illo praemeditati silentii recessu in publicum formidandumque judicium; et nova subire cogis, adhuc de praeteritis erubescentem; cumque etiam minoribus impar fuero, par majoribus a te esse compellor. Ego enim ne in illis quidem opusculis, quibus per ingenioli nostri oblatiunculam Domino sacrificavimus, moliri aliquid aut usurpare tentassem, nisi episcopali tractus imperio. Crevit itaque per te oris nostri et styli dignitas. Nam qui jussi antea de Dominicis studiis locuti sumus, nunc id exigis ut de ipsa Incarnatione Domini ac majestate dicamus. Ita qui prius in sancta templi velut per sacerdotalem manum introducti sumus, nunc ductu tuo atque subsidio quasi in sanctorum sancta penetramus. Magnus honor, sed periculosa progressio [ Lips. in marg. professio], quia obtineri sacrorum penetralium ac divini praemii palma non potest, nisi hoste superato. Exigis itaque ac jubes adversum recentem haeresim ac novum fidei hostem conserere imbecilles manus, et contra pestiferi serpentis graves hiatus aperto, ut aiunt, ore consistere: scilicet ut insurgentem in Ecclesias Dei sinuosis tractibus draconem vis prophetica et sermonis evangelici divina virtus, me quasi incantatore, irrumpat. Pareo obsecrationi tuae, pareo jussioni; malo enim de me ipso tibi quam mihi credere, maxime quia id tecum amor Jesu Christi Domini mei praecipit, qui hoc ipsum etiam in te jubet. Superest ut effectum imperati negotii ab ipso postules per quem imperasti. Tua enim jam hic magis causa quam mea vertitur, tuum magis judicium quam meum officium periclitatur. Me enim, sive par sim tuo imperio, sive non sim, ipsa aliquatenus obedientiae ratio atque humilitatis excusat; nisi quod hoc plus meriti est in obsequio meo, si minus est in possibilitate. Facile enim cujuslibet jussioni ex abundantia satisfacimus: illius officium grande est et mirabile, qui etiam idem in voto habet quod in viribus non habet. Tua ergo haec res, tuum negotium, tui pudoris opus est: ora et obsecra ne imperitia mea periclitetur electio tua; et opinioni tantae nobis non respondentibus, etiamsi ego per obedientiae veniam bene pareo, tu tamen per inconsiderantiam judicii male imperasse videaris.

Philip Schaff and Henry Wace (eds.), New York: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890-1900. Public domain: English translation first published 1885-1900 (Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series). Latin: Migne, Patrologia Latina (1844-1855), public domain; transcription from Corpus Corporum (University of Zurich).

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