Monologium, on the Being of God34 Chapter XXXIV. How he can express the created world by his Word.

St Anselm († 1109) · Monologion · 1075-1076

Chapter XXXIV. How he can express the created world by his Word.

But how can objects so different as the creative and the created being be expressed by one Word, especially since that Word itself is coeternal with him who expresses them, while the created world is not coeternal with him? Perhaps, because he himself is supreme Wisdom and supreme Reason, in which are all things that have been created; just as a work which is made after one of the arts, not only when it is made, but before it is made, and after it is destroyed, is always in respect of the art itself nothing else than what that art is.

Hence, when the supreme Spirit expresses himself, he expresses all created beings. For, both before they were created, and now that they have been created, and after they are decayed or changed in any way, they are ever in him not what they are in themselves, but what this Spirit himself is. For, in themselves they are mutable beings, created according to immutable reason; while in him is the true first being, and the first reality of existence, the more like unto which those beings are in any way, the more really and excellently do they exist. Thus, it may reasonably be declared that, when the supreme Spirit expresses himself, he also expresses whatever has been created by one and the same Word.

Sed quomodo tam differentes res, scilicet creans et creata essentia, dici possunt uno Verbo, praesertim cum Verbum ipsum sit dicenti coaeternum; creatura autem non sit illi coaeterna? Forsitan quia ipse est summa sapientia et summa ratio, in qua sunt omnia quae facta sunt; quemadmodum opus, quod fit secundum aliquam artem, non solum quando fit, verum et antequam fiat, et postquam dissolvitur, semper est in ipsa arte non aliud quam quod est ars ipsa. Idcirco cum ipse summus Spiritus dicit seipsum, dicit omnia quae facta sunt. Nam et antequam fierent, et cum jam facta sunt, et cum corrumpuntur, seu aliquo modo varientur, semper in ipso sunt, non quod sunt in seipsis, sed quod est idem ipse. Etenim in seipsis sunt essentia mutabilis, secundum immutabilem rationem creata; in ipso vero sunt ipsa prima essentia, et prima existendi veritas cui, prout magis utcunque illa similia sunt, ita verius et praestantius existunt. Hoc itaque modo non irrationabiliter asseri potest quia, cum seipsum dicit summus ille Spiritus, dicit etiam quidquid factum est uno eodemque Verbo.

Sidney Norton Deane (1878–1943), Chicago: Open Court, 1903. Digital text: English Wikisource transcription of the 1903 edition (each chapter checked against the OCR of the Internet Archive scan stanselmeproslog00anseuoft). Original text: Corpus Corporum (University of Zurich) TEI of the Patrologia Latina, via the CatholicCorpus mirror. Public domain in the US and Canada: published 1903; translator died 1943. Latin: Migne, PL 158 (1853), public domain.

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