A Treatise Concerning Man’s Perfection in Righteousness 12
12 The Twelfth Breviate PL 44, 306
XII. “Again the question arises,” he says, “how it is that man is unable to be without sin,—by his will, or by nature? If by nature, it is not sin; if by his will, then will can very easily be changed by will.” We answer by reminding him how he ought to reflect on the extreme presumption of saying—not simply that it is possible (for this no doubt is undeniable, when God’s grace comes in aid), but—that it is “very easy” for will to be changed by will; whereas the apostle says, “The flesh lusteth against the spirit, and the spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other; so that ye do not the things that ye would.” He does not say, “These are contrary the one to the other, so that ye will not do the things that ye can,” but, “so that ye do not the things that ye would.” How happens it, then, that the lust of the flesh which of course is culpable and corrupt, and is nothing else than the desire for sin, as to which the same apostle instructs us not to let it “reign in our mortal body;” by which expression he shows us plainly enough that that must have an existence in our mortal body which must not be permitted to hold a dominion in it;—how happens it, I say, that such lust of the flesh has not been changed by that will, which the apostle clearly implied the existence of in his words, “So that ye do not the things that ye would,” if so be that the will can so easily be changed by will? Not that we, indeed, by this argument throw the blame upon the nature either of the soul or of the body, which God created, and which is wholly good; but we say that it, having been corrupted by its own will, cannot be made whole without the grace of God.
« Iterum proponere solent, » inquit, « Omnis homo mendax . » Neque hoc contra se ipsum a se ipso propositum solvit: sed commemorando alia velut contraria testimonia, apud eos qui non intelligunt sanctam Scripturam, divina eloquia in lite dimisit. Ait enim: Quibus respondendum est, quod in Numerorum libro scriptum est: « Homo verax » . Et de sancto Job legitur ita: « Erat vir habitans in regione Ausitidae, nomine Job, verax, sine crimine, justus, Dei cultor, abstinens se ab omni re mala » . Miror quod ausus est ponere hoc testimonium, ubi dictum est, Abstinens se ab omni re mala, cum hoc ab omni peccato vellet intelligi; cum superius dixerit, peccatum actum esse, non rem . Reminiscatur ergo quia etiam si actus sit, res potest dici. Abstinet se autem ab omni re mala, qui peccato, sine quo non est, vel nunquam omnino consentit, vel si aliquando premitur, non opprimitur; sicut luctator fortior, et si aliquando tenetur, non ideo perdit quo superior invenitur. Legitur sane homo sine crimine, legitur sine querela: at non legitur sine peccato, nisi Filius hominis, unus idemque Dei Filius unicus.
« Item, » inquit, « apud ipsum Job: Et miraculum tenuit veracis hominis. Item apud Salomonem de Sapientia: Viri mendaces non erunt illius memores; viri autem veraces invenientur in illa . Item in Apocalypsi: Et in ore ipsorum non est inventum mendacium; sine macula sunt » . Ad haec et nos respondemus, admonentes quomodo dicendus sit homo verax per Dei gratiam atque veritatem, qui per se ipsum sine dubio mendax est. Unde dictum est, Omnis homo mendax. Hoc et testimonium sonat de Sapientia, quod ipse posuit: Viri autem veraces invenientur in illa: qui procul dubio non in illa, sed in se ipsis invenientur esse mendaces. Sicuti est, Fuistis aliquando tenebrae, nunc autem lux in Domino . Cum diceret, tenebrae, non addidit in Domino: cum autem dixit, lux, addidit utique, in Domino: quia in se ipsis lux esse non possent; ut qui gloriatur, in Domino glorietur . Illi vero in Apocalypsi propterea tales dicti sunt, quod non sit inventum in ore eorum mendacium: quia non dixerunt se non habere peccatum; quod si dicerent, se ipsos deciperent, et veritas in eis non esset : porro si veritas in eis non esset, inveniretur in ore eorum mendacium. Quod si propter invidiam, cum essent sine peccato, dicerent se non esse sine peccato; hoc ipsum esset mendacium, falsumque esset quod dictum est, Non est inventum in ore ipsorum mendacium. Ideo ergo sine macula sunt, quia sicut ipsi dimiserunt debitoribus suis, sic illis Deo dimittente mundati sunt. Ecce nos, ut valuimus, exposuimus quomodo accipienda essent testimonia, quae pro sua causa commemoravit. Ipse autem quomodo sit accipiendum quod scriptum est, Omnis homo mendax, omnino non solvit; nec solvere poterit, nisi correcto errore, quo credit hominem sine adjutorio gratiae Dei, per solam propriam voluntatem posse esse veracem.