WILLIAM EUSEBIUS ANDREWS. - English journalist and controversialist, b. at Norwich in 1773, d. in London in 1837. He took an active part in the struggle undertaken by John Milner in defense of English Catholics, and subsequently founded various newspapers: *The Orthodox Journal*, *The Catholic Vindicator*, *The Catholic Advocate*. He also published *The Catholic School Book* (London 1814) to combat the excessive influence of classical education on young people. The exaggerated tone of his polemics alienated the sympathies of many Catholics.
ANDRIA. - Portal of the church of St Augustine (early 13th century).
The cathedral is dedicated to the Assumption. The episcopal see is at A. (province of Bari).
A. is said to have been founded by colonists from Andros, led by Diomedes, though its origins appear to go back to Peter the Norman, Count of Trani (1046); it was a favored residence of Frederick II. A county and then a duchy of the Del Balzo family, it was annexed in 1496 to the kingdom of Naples by the marriage of Isabella Del Balzo to Frederick of Aragon, and retained the title of duchy, which passed in 1518 to the Carafa family. Erroneous is the tradition that places the erection of the bishopric in the time of Gelasius I around 482; it was rather Gelasius II who appointed the Englishman St Richard there. The first bishop of whom we have certain knowledge appears in 1143; the regular series begins in the 14th century. In 1452 the diocese of Montepeloso was united to A., and again separated in 1479. In 1818 the territory of the diocese of Canosa was annexed to A., and the bishopric of Minervino was incorporated. Among the illustrious men of A. we may mention Pope Leo V and the Dominican Peter of A., a disciple of St Thomas.
Abbeys and monasteries: S. Bartolomeo and S. Maria; numerous Basilian convents and underground churches built by these monks who took refuge in the area between the 9th and 10th centuries to escape the persecutions of the Saracens. - See Plate CVI.
Andria - Portal of the church of St Augustine (early 13th century).
ANDRIA — ANDRONICUS II PALAEOLOGUS
Names Crostorosa Scipioni