MARTIN, CLAUDE. - Benedictine of the Congregation of St. Maur, b. at Tours on 2 April 1619, d. on 9 Aug. 1696 in the abbey of Marmoutier (Tours), of which he had been prior since 1690. From his mother, who later became the ven. Marie de l'Incarnation (v.), he derived his taste for the interior life and, together with it, his aptitude for the active life. He was eleven years old when his mother entered the monastery, and he, after renouncing the post of secretary to Richelieu, entered the Congregation of St. Maur (15 Jan. 1641) and exercised enormous influence there as prior of various abbeys (from 1652), assistant to the general (1668-75), definitor general (from 1672) and president of 5 General Chapters (1687-96). The Congregation owes to him not only a stricter observance, but also its preservation in the crisis of 1682.
Far removed from theological disputes, he occupied himself with the editions of the Holy Fathers, undertaken at that time by his confreres, and wrote various short works of meditation and prayer which were translated into Latin: Les méditations chrétiennes (2 vols., Paris 1669); Conduite pour la retraite du mois (ibid. 1670); Pratique de la Règle de st Benoit (ibid. 1674); Méditations pour la fête et pour l'octave de ste Ursule (ibid. 1678), and others which remained in manuscript. But he also published, revising them, the writings and letters of his mother (ibid. 1677-84).
Bibliography5 worksThe first biography is by the Maurist E. Martène, Vie du ven. p. d. C. M., Paris 1867, whose publication encountered various difficulties. I
BIBL.: The first biography is by the Maurist E. Martène, Vie du ven. p. d. C. M., Paris 1867, whose publication encountered various difficulties. In addition to all the literary histories of the Order, cf. H. Bremond, Hist. litt. du sentiment religieux en France, VI, Paris 1922, pp. 177-226; A. Jamet, Marie de l'Incarnation. Ecrits spirituels et hist., I, ibid. 1929, pp. 72-100; H. Wilhelm, U. Berlière, A. Dubourg, Nouveau supplément à l'histoire littéraire de la Congrégation de St Maur, II, Maredsous-Gembloux 1931, pp. 61-65. Unpublished letters have been published by Ph. Schmitz, Lettres de d. C. M. relatives à l'édition de st Athanase et de st Jean Chrysostome, in Revue bénédictine, 41 (1929), pp. 262-67; 358-66; id., Lettres relatives aux éditions des pères latins, ibid., 43 (1931), pp. 153-58; id. Lettres inédites de d. C. M. sur l'oraison, in Revue d'ascétique et de mystique, 13 (1932), pp. 146-63.
Orazi, Ausenda Renata. “Martin, claude.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. VIII, col. 205. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1952. https://azioneromana.com/article/martin-claude.
MLA
Orazi, Ausenda Renata. “Martin, claude.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. VIII, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1952, col. 205. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/martin-claude.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec8_martin_claude,
author = {Orazi, Ausenda Renata},
title = {Martin, claude},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {VIII},
pages = {205},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1952},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/martin-claude}
}
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