FLOWER. - An Arabic word that literally means "expedient," "reasonableness." In its oldest usage it indicated, in contrast to "ilm" ("science" in the sense of certain knowledge of specific dispositions derivable from the Quran and from tradition), autonomous, logical consideration based on personal opinion. In a broader sense, f. later came to indicate Muslim "jurisprudence" in general.
It extends very widely, however, to embrace all the relationships of religious, state and civil life. It comprises the laws regulating man's ritual relationship with God (ibādāt), the entire field of inheritance, family, property and obligations law (juristic relationships conditioned by social life, muʿāmalāt) and furthermore criminal law and procedure, the laws on the government and administration of the State and the law of war, all considered according to the rule of a law recognized as "religious."
BibliographyTh. W. Juynboll, Manuale di diritto musulmano, Italian trans. by G. Baviera, Milan 1918.
BIBL.: Th. W. Juynboll, Manuale di diritto musulmano, Italian trans. by G. Baviera, Milan 1918.
Bausani, Alessandro. “Fior.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. V, col. 1400. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1950. https://azioneromana.com/article/fior.
MLA
Bausani, Alessandro. “Fior.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. V, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1950, col. 1400. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/fior.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec5_fior,
author = {Bausani, Alessandro},
title = {Fior},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {V},
pages = {1400},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1950},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/fior}
}
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