GAMBETTA, LÉON-MICHEL. - French politician, b. 2 Apr. 1838 at Cahors, d. 31 Dec. 1882 at Ville-d'Avray (Seine-et-Oise). A descendant of a Genoese family that settled in France at the beginning of the century, G. took up the legal profession in Paris and revealed himself as an orator before the general public in the Réveil trial.
The editorial staff of the Réveil had been referred to the judicial authorities for having promoted a subscription for a monument to a deputy who fell on the barricades in 1851, while opposing the coup d'état of the future Napoleon III. Against the Napoleonic Empire G. was a resolute representative of the republican opposition. After the fall of the Second Empire, he worked ardently for the consolidation of the Third Republic, promoting an anticlerical policy ("Le cléricalisme, voilà l'ennemi!"), in order to oppose attempts at monarchical restoration, and to avoid international complications that could sprout from a clearly pro-Holy See position on the Roman question. As president of the council of ministers (14 Nov. 1881), he presented to Parliament various bills that were to regulate, according to him, the relations between Church and State, but his grand ministère lasted barely 66 days and his bills tending toward the evident dependence of the Church on the State did not have time to be approved.
Bibliography2 worksP. Deschanel, G., Paris 1919; P. B. Gheusi, La vie et la mort singulières de G., ibid. 1933. On G.'s policy toward the Church cf. A. Debidou
BIBL.: P. Deschanel, G., Paris 1919; P. B. Gheusi, La vie et la mort singulières de G., ibid. 1933. On G.'s policy toward the Church cf. A. Debidour, L'Eglise catholique et l'Etat sous la troisième République (1870-1900), I, Paris 1906, passim.
Furlani, Silvio, and Alberto Stefanelli. “Gambetta, léon-michel.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. V, coll. 1921–1925. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1950. https://azioneromana.com/article/gambetta-leon-michel.
MLA
Furlani, Silvio, and Alberto Stefanelli. “Gambetta, léon-michel.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. V, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1950, coll. 1921–1925. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/gambetta-leon-michel.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec5_gambetta_leon_michel,
author = {Furlani, Silvio and Stefanelli, Alberto},
title = {Gambetta, léon-michel},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {V},
pages = {1921--1925},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1950},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/gambetta-leon-michel}
}
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