CAUDIUM.— In Samnium on the Via Appia between Capua and Benevento, known for the episode of the Caudine Forks.
Only two bishops of C. are known. The first, Vitalian, is venerated and is found in the *Martyrologium Hieronymianum* under the 3rd of the Ides in Caudis, Vitaliani, in the Neapolitan marble calendar and in a Beneventan calendar of the 13th century, but under the date of 16 July, which Delehaye considers to indicate the translation of his relics from Montevergine to Benevento. His life (BHL, 8687) makes him bishop of Capua, while others make him bishop of Benevento. Another bishop, Felicissimus, appears between 496–99 (Jaffé-Wattenbach, 737). The memory of C. faded with the Lombard invasion.
Bibl.: L. Duchesne, *Les évêches d'Italie et l'invasion lombarde*, in *Atti del Congresso internaz. di scienze storiche*, 1903, III, Rome 1906, pp. 8–13; Lanzoni, pp. 202, 254; *Martyrologium Hieronymianum*, p. 485.