DUMAS, JEAN-BAPTISTE. - Born at Alais on July 14, 1800, died at Cannes on April 11, 1884. Together with Liebig he can be considered one of the founders of modern organic chemistry. In 1828 he published in Paris the Traité de chimie appliquée aux arts, which was a great success; in 1832 he was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences, and in the same year he succeeded Gay-Lussac in the chair of chemistry at the Sorbonne.
He hosted Piria in his own laboratory and had scientific relations with Malaguti: he was the teacher, friend and protector of Pasteur; he assumed the functions of successor to Lavoisier, whose works he published: his Leçons sur la philosophie chimique (Paris 1837; Italian trans., Livorno 1842) enjoyed great success. He was minister of agriculture under Louis Napoleon, and until 1870 he took part in the administrative and political life of his country.
A Catholic, he fought the materialistic tendencies of his time and publicly defended Christianity and the Catholic Church, especially in his official addresses at the Académie Française: see, for example, those on his entry into the Academy in commemoration of Faraday (May 18, 1868), of Guizot (June 1, 1876), and for the entry of Taine (Discours et éloges académiques, 2 vols., Paris 1885).
Bibliography2 worksS. Cannizzaro, Commemorazione di D., in Atti dell'Acc. dei Lincei, transunti, 3rd series, 8 (1883-84), pp. 251-58; C. L. Kneller, Il cristia
BIBL.: S. Cannizzaro, Commemorazione di D., in Atti dell'Acc. dei Lincei, transunti, 3rd series, 8 (1883-84), pp. 251-58; C. L. Kneller, Il cristianesimo e i naturalisti moderni, Italian trans., Brescia 1906, pp. 252-64.
Provenzal, Giulio. “Dumas, jean-baptiste.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. IV, col. 1979. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1950. https://azioneromana.com/article/dumas-jean-baptiste.
MLA
Provenzal, Giulio. “Dumas, jean-baptiste.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. IV, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1950, col. 1979. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/dumas-jean-baptiste.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec4_dumas_jean_baptiste,
author = {Provenzal, Giulio},
title = {Dumas, jean-baptiste},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {IV},
pages = {1979},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1950},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/dumas-jean-baptiste}
}
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