SETTEMBRINI, LUIGI

SETTEMBRINI, Luigi. – Writer, born in Naples on 17 April 1813, died there on 3 November 1876: a leading figure in the insurrectional events against the Bourbons of Naples, he was repeatedly arrested as a conspirator, imprisoned in 1839 and 1849, and sentenced to life imprisonment on the island of Santo Stefano in February 1851.

In *Le Ricordanze della mia vita* he brings together, alongside family memoirs, the dramatic aspects of the Risorgimento cause: the narrative unfolds calmly yet vividly. Founder of the Grande Società dell’unità italiana and, with De Sanctis, of the Associazione unitaria costituzionale, SETTEMBRINI remained a patriot and political writer not only in the *Protesta del popolo delle Due Sicilie* and in the *Difesa scritta da L. S., per gli uomini di buon senso*, but also in the anti-Mazzinian pamphlet *Della lingua italiana all’On. E. Broglio* and in the *Lezioni di letteratura italiana*, published in Naples in three volumes between 1866 and 1872. Though now undervalued for their weak historiographical significance, their mistaken view of a literary progress based on the antagonism between Church and Empire culminating in the triumph of Ghibellinism, and their distortion of medieval history, the papacy, and the Council of Trent, the *Lezioni* nonetheless belong to that ideological process which, in literature, demanded and justified adherence to the national cause. They were placed on the Index by decrees of 4 June 1867 and 14 December 1868.

Bibl.: F. Berardinelli, *Le Lez. di letter. ital. di L. S.*, in *Civ. Catt.*, 6th series, 10 (1867, II), pp. 576-91; 11 (1867, II), pp. 70-97; F. Torraca, *Notizie sulla vita e gli scritti di L. S.*, Naples 1877; G. A. Borgese, *Stor. della critica romant. in Italia*, 2nd ed., Milan 1920, p. 331; S. G. Croce, *Lett. della nuova Italia*, 1, 3rd ed., Bari 1929, pp. 345-55; L. Federzoni, *L. S.*, in *Nuova Antologia*, 1 Oct. 1936, pp. 241-49; A. Omodeo, *Guerre e passioni del Risorgim. ital.*, 2nd ed., Rome 1945, pp. 43-74; G. Getto, *Storia delle storie letterarie*, Milan 1946, pp. 230-43.