CABIRI. - Minor Greek divinities, according to some of Phoenician origin, according to others Phrygian. Their nature is debated: sea gods who protect in storms, gods of fertility, or chthonic divinities: the recent excavations of the Cabiric sanctuaries of Thebes and Samothrace show that the C. had a chthonic nature here.
In Greece the sanctuaries of Samothrace (v. SAMOTRACE, MYSTERIES of), Thebes and Lemnos (the latter, recently excavated, seems to date back to the 8th-7th century B.C.) were of great importance; in Asia Minor, those of Pergamon and Miletus, which some claim to be older than the Greek ones. The cult and the names of the C. vary from one center to another; at Thebes there are also Orphic influences. The C. were assimilated by the Greeks to the Corybantes (v.) and to the Dioscuri and placed in relation with Hephaestus; by the Romans, to Dardanus and Aeneas, to the Penates, to Jupiter, Minerva and Mercury, to the Capitoline triad.
Bibliography3 worksR. Pettazzoni, Le origini dei Kabiri nelle isole del mar Tracio, in Rend. della R. Acc. dei Lincei, 12 (1908), p. 635 ff.; O. Kern, Kabirieu
BIBL.: R. Pettazzoni, Le origini dei Kabiri nelle isole del mar Tracio, in Rend. della R. Acc. dei Lincei, 12 (1908), p. 635 ff.; O. Kern, Kabirieu, in Pauly-Wissowa, X, II, col. 1399 ff.; F. Chapoutier, Les Dioscures au service d'une déesse, Paris 1935, p. 153 ff. For Thebes: P. Wolters-G. Bruns, Das Kabirienheiligtum bei Taben, I, Berlin 1940. For Lemnos: S. Accame, Iscrizioni del Cabirico di Lemno, in Annuario della R. scuola archeologica di Atene, nuova serie, 3-4 (1941-42), p. 75 ff. For Pergamon: E. Ohlennitz, Die Kulte und Heiligtümer der Götter in Pergamon, Würzburg 1940, p. 192 ff. For Samothrace: C. Lehmann Hartleben, Excavations in Samotriche, in American Journal of Archaeology, 43 (1939), p. 133 ff.
Banti, Luisa. “Cabiri.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. III, col. 263. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1949. https://azioneromana.com/article/cabiri.
MLA
Banti, Luisa. “Cabiri.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. III, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1949, col. 263. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/cabiri.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec3_cabiri,
author = {Banti, Luisa},
title = {Cabiri},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {III},
pages = {263},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1949},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/cabiri}
}
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