CASTIGLIONE (GABII). – About twelve miles from Rome, on the Via Prenestina, near ancient Gabii, a Christian community flourished from the earliest centuries (CIL, XIV, 2824).
It is not easy to say whether the martyr Primitivo belonged to this church, as a document of partly doubtful authenticity would indicate (BHL, 3524); it is certain, however, that this martyr was venerated there, according to the earliest testimony of the martyrologies. In any case, in the 5th century there is reliable information about the bishops of Gabii, who nevertheless ceased to exist after a short time. One noteworthy Christian monument still surviving is the cemetery known as that of S. Primitivo, which appears to date from the 4th century.
BHL.: G. B. de Rossi, in Bull. d'arch. crist., 2nd series, 4 (1873), p. 115; M. Armellini, Gli antichi cimiteri cristiani di Roma e d'Italia, Rome 1893, p. 561; Lanzoni, pp. 129–32, 355–56.