GRINGORE, Pierre. — Poet, born perhaps in Normandy between 1470 and 1480, died in 1539 (?). He wrote for the theatre, composed poems and satires; on the religious plane he accepted the dogmas of the Church, but did not experience mystical-ascetic sentiment (his verses to the Virgin are trite). Though he mocks the clerical world, he does not do so in opposition to the faith, but because he felt himself a convinced Gallican in defending the rights of the king against the pope (his sharpest barbs are directed at Julius II).
Bibl.: Ch. Oulmont, La poëcie morale, politique et dramatique à la veille de la Renaissance. P. G., Paris 1911. On the religious problems of the period: J. Viénot, Histoire de la réforme française des origines à l’édition de Nantes, 1912. For particular aspects: W. Dittmann, P. G. als Dramatiker, Berlin 1923; Ch. R. Baskervill, P. G.'s pageants for the entry of Mary Tudor into Paris, Chicago 1934.