HERCULANO DE CARVALHO E ARAÚJO, ALEXANDRE. - Writer, poet, literary critic and the greatest Portuguese historian, b. in Lisbon on 28 March 1810 and d. at Vale de Lobos (Santarem) on 13 Sept. 1877. Forced into exile by the momentary triumph of Dom Miguel, he drew close to the currents of thought that were gaining ground in the other countries of Europe.

He was among the initiators of the Romantic movement in Portugal, to which he introduced the historical novel. His writings, the struggle he waged against the conclusion of the Concordat between Portugal and the Holy See (1857) and against the foreign religious orders, the denial of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception and of papal infallibility had as their consequence extremely violent polemics with the clergy and the placing on the Index of his Estudos sobre o casamento civil (decree of 17 Dec. 1866).

H. undertook the publication of the Portugaliae Mon. Hist. and of a monumental Historia do Portugal which remained unfinished (1097-1279). To H. is also due the founding of the review Panorama, which occupies a very important place in the history of the Portuguese press and culture. Also to be remembered is his Historia da origem e do estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal.

Bibliography5 works

BIBL.: T. Braga, A. H., in Historia do Romantismo em Portugal, Lisbon 1880, pp. 219-406; A. de S. Pimentel, A. H. e o seu tempo, ibid. 1881, Italian trans. Rome 1883; F. de Almeida, A. H. historiador, Coimbra 1910; F. de Figueriedo, H., julgado pela bibliographia do seu centenario, in Estudos de Literatura, Lisbon 1917, pp. 153-67; C. Portugal Ribeiro, A. H. A sua vida e a sua obra (1810-77), 2 vols., ibid. 1933, pp. 258, 324.

Elio Califano

@incollection{ec6_herculano_de_carvalho_e_araujo, author = {Califano, Elio}, title = {Herculano de Carvalho e Araujo, alexandre}, booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica}, volume = {VI}, pages = {1413}, note = {Cited by column}, publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico}, address = {Città del Vaticano}, year = {1951}, url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/herculano-de-carvalho-e-araujo-alexandre} }

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Herculano de Carvalho e Araújo, Alexandre

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