Also known as:
Aleksei Khomiakov, Aleksey Khomyakov, Aleksey Stepanovich Khomyakov, Alexei Khomyakov;
Italian: Хомяков, Алексей Степанович
CHOMJAKOV, ALEXIEI STEPANOVIČ. - B. in 1804, d. in 1860, one of the most conspicuous representatives of Slavophilism, a Russian national movement that saw the salvation, progress and possibility of the full development of Russia in a return to the ancient national customs preceding Peter the Great. Slavophilism is religious and Christian in inspiration, in opposition to Westernism, which is dependent on the secularized West. C. was a very versatile genius: poet, inventor, sociologist, philosopher (developing the themes of his friend Ivan Kireyevsky) and especially the first great Russian lay theologian. His followers regarded him as the father of the modern Russian Church.
He developed in particular the concept of the Church as a community of unity, freedom and love. Catholicism would have repudiated love, preferring its own opinions to those of the brethren of the East, and would possess unity without freedom; Protestantism, deriving logically from Catholicism, would have freedom without unity; the synthesis of unity, freedom and charity would be found only in the Church of the East. He denies, among other things, the essential difference between the teaching and the learning Church and the existence of an external authority in the Church. Fundamental, moreover, is the affirmation that integral knowledge depends on love and presupposes fraternal union with others in the Church. The influence of C. is continually increasing among the Russians separated from Rome.
Complete works in Russian: 8 vols., Moscow 1900 ff. (some volumes in several editions). C.'s theology was hindered by the censorship of tsarist Russia. He published in French his polemical writings against the Catholic Church (A. S. Chomjakov, L'Eglise latine et le protestantisme au point de vue de l'Eglise d'Orient, Lausanne and Vevey 1872). His correspondence with the Anglican Palmer (who later became a Catholic) is found in W. J. Birkbeck, Russia and the English Church during the last fifty years, I (London 1895).
Bibliography6 worksA. Gratieux, A. S. Chomjakov et le mouvement slavophile: Les hommes (Unam Sanctam), 5, Paris 1939; Les doctrines (ibid., 6), ibid. 1939; P.
BIBL.: A. Gratieux, A. S. Chomjakov et le mouvement slavophile: Les hommes (Unam Sanctam), 5, Paris 1939; Les doctrines (ibid., 6), ibid. 1939; P. Baron, Un théologien laïc orthodoxe russe au XIXᵉ siècle, A. S. Chomjakov (1804-60). Son ecclésiologie, Exposé et critique (Orient. Christiana Analecta, 127), Rome 1940; B. Schultze, Problemi di teologia presso gli ortodossi, in Orient. Christ. Periodica, 7 (1941), pp. 174-203; id., La nuova soteriologia russa, I, ibid., 9 (1943), pp. 418-30; id., Chomjakovs Lehre über die Eucharistie, ibid., 14 (1948), pp. 138-61.
Schultze, Bernardo. “Chomjakov, alexiei stepanović.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. III, coll. 1563–1564. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1949. https://azioneromana.com/article/chomjakov-alexiei-stepanovic.
MLA
Schultze, Bernardo. “Chomjakov, alexiei stepanović.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. III, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1949, coll. 1563–1564. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/chomjakov-alexiei-stepanovic.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec3_chomjakov_alexiei_stepanovic,
author = {Schultze, Bernardo},
title = {Chomjakov, alexiei stepanović},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {III},
pages = {1563--1564},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1949},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/chomjakov-alexiei-stepanovic}
}
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