DUPHOT, LÉONARD. — French general, b. 21 Sept. 1769 at Lyon, d. 28 Dec. 1797 at Rome. Having received a good education at the college of Jully, in 1785 he took up a military career, enlisting as a private soldier. He served in the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees and in November 1793 was promoted brigadier general. In 1796 he was transferred to the Army of Italy. After the Armistice of Leoben, Bonaparte sent him to Genoa to reorganize the troops of the Ligurian Republic. A fervent Jacobin, he was in Rome in November–December 1797 and supported the anti-papal efforts of the Roman revolutionaries. He was killed during a skirmish between the Roman republicans and the papal troops. Duphot’s death provided Bonaparte with the pretext to occupy Rome.
BIBL.: M. Basse, Le generale L. D., Paris 1908; G. Boulot, Le général D., ibid. 1908; A. Dufourcq, Le régime jacobin en Italie, Étude sur la République romaine (1798–99), ibid. 1900, pp. 74–82.