JUAN DE LUCENA. — Spanish writer, who lived in the 15th century. He spent some time in Rome, where he was a familiar of Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini (the future Pius II); he enjoyed the protection of Alfonso V of Aragon and of Isabella the Catholic, to whom he addressed an *Epistola exhortatoria a las letras*; he died in 1506.
In his *Libro de vida beata*, composed between 1452 and 1453, the Bishop of Burgos, the Marquis of Santillana, Juan de Mena, and L. himself—whose characters are effectively delineated—converse about the active and contemplative life, examining the various states of men and concluding that perfect happiness is unattainable on earth. Notable are the apologetic themes directed toward converted Jews. The work is largely a reworking of
THE RUTHENIAN BISHOPRIC AT WŁODZIMIERZ WOLYŃSKI.
— The “Orthodox” bishopric was founded there in the 11th century and its first bishop was Stefan (d. 1094). After the Union with Rome of 1595–96, the first united bishop was Hipacy Pociej, Metropolitan of Kiev (1541–1613). In 1795, after the third partition of Poland, the bishopric was suppressed by Empress Catherine II.
THE RUTHENIAN BISHOPRIC AT ŁUCK.
— The “Orthodox” bishopric was founded there in 1327 and its first bishop was Teodozy. He and his successors bore the title of Bishops of Łuck and Ostroh and of “Exarchs of all Ruthenia.” After the Union with Rome of 1595–96, the first united bishop was Cyryl Terlecki (d. 1607). The bishopric fell under Russian domination in 1826 and was suppressed by Emperor Nicholas I.