MATHIEU, ADRIEN-JACQUES-MARIE-CÉSAIRE. - Cardinal, b. in Paris on 20 Jan. 1796, d. in Besançon on 9 July 1875. Bishop of Langres in 1833, he was elected the following year Archbishop of Besançon; then created cardinal by Pius IX on 30 Sept. 1850. He became a senator by right of the Second Empire in 1852.

During the July Monarchy he had been among the most influential advisers of the nunciature of Paris and particularly of Msgr. Garibaldi, and he had a decisive part in the appointments of French bishops, especially from 1835 to 1843. Of Gallican tendencies, he was opposed to exemptions from episcopal authority and to direct subjection to the Holy See, and for this reason he opposed the re-establishment of exempt religious Congregations. In 1850 he founded in Besançon the great College of St. Francis Xavier. In 1865 he was brought before the judgment of the Council of State for having proceeded, against governmental provisions, to the reading of the Syllabus and of the encyclical Quanta cura. In 1863 he published a pamphlet in defense of the temporal power (Le pouvoir temporel des Papes justifié par l'histoire).

Bibliography5 works

BIBL.: L. Besson, Vie du card. M., Paris 1882; J. F. Bergier, Supplément à la vie du card. M., Besançon 1883; A. Robert-E. Bourloton-G. Cougny, Dictionnaire des parlementaires français, IV, Paris 1891, p. 310; J. Maurain, La politique ecclésiastique du Second Empire, ibid. 1930, passim; J. P. Martin, La nonciature de Paris et les affaires ecclésiastiques de France sous le règne de Louis Philippe, ibid. 1949, pp. 154-57.

Silvio Furlani

@incollection{ec8_mathieu_adrien_jacques_marie_c, author = {Furlani, Silvio}, title = {Mathieu, adrien-jacques-marie-césaire}, booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica}, volume = {VIII}, pages = {396}, note = {Cited by column}, publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico}, address = {Città del Vaticano}, year = {1952}, url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/mathieu-adrien-jacques-marie-cesaire} }

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Mathieu, Adrien-Jacques-Marie-Césaire

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