CHRISTOBAL DE MORALES. — Musician, born in Seville on 2 January 1512, died in Toledo in 1553. He pursued his studies in his native city and completed them in Rome, where he served as a singer in the Papal Chapel from 1540. On 1 September 1545, he returned to Spain as director of the musical chapel of the cathedral of Toledo.
Morales, distinguished for a grave and severe style, was one of the most steadfast opponents of the poor taste in sacred music of his time. In the musical archive of Toledo, there are preserved in manuscript eight masses, sixteen Magnificats, and thirteen motets, while the following works were printed: *Liber I missarum quatuor vocum* (Paris 1540), *Magnificat octo tonorum cum quatuor vocibus, liber I* (Rome 1541); *Mottetti a 5 voci* (Venice 1543); *Liber II missarum cum quatuor et quinque vocibus* (Rome 1544); *Quinque missarum harmonia diapente, idest quinque voces referens* (Venice 1547). Numerous compositions by Morales are found in collections by Raschitz, Eler, Schad, Donfrid, and Petrucci.