PILLIO DA MEDICINA

PILLIO of MEDICINE. - Glossator, civil lawyer, born in the first half of the 12th century, pupil of Odericus, continuator and, according to some, pupil of Placentinus. He is mentioned in 1169; considered a master in Bologna from that year until 1182 and in Modena from 1182 until 1198, he is last recorded in 1207 at a trial in Bologna concerning his native land. Cited as Pilius, Pileus, Pylius, Pyleus and with the sigla Pi., Py. He died around the beginning of the 13th century, and with his passing the Studium of Modena declined.

Author of many glosses, he was the first to collect his own *Questiones*, in which each case seems to refer to an actual dispute held (on Saturdays, hence *questiones sabbatinae*). He was also the first to compose brocarda with the *Libellus disputationum*; the first expositor of those *Libri feudorum* which he added to the *Authenticae*; author of a rare procedural work, the *Summa de ordine indiciorum*, in which Bulgarus, Martinus, Placentinus, Johannes Bassianus, and also the *Decretum* and the *Decretales* are cited; third, after Rogerius and Placentinus, as the author of a *Summa* that should have completed Placentinus’s own but remained incomplete and, later enriched with additions by others, often circulated under the name of Azo like the other; finally, he wrote *distinctiones*, a treatise *de testibus* and various *consilia*.

He cites the *Corpus Iuris Civilis* in all its parts with astonishing frequency and knowledge; perhaps less expert in canon law, he rendered civil law questions originally belonging to the latter, except for the *solutio*; remembered by Tancred as *legum doctor egregius*, Odofredus called him *valde bonus... et habuit hic magnum honorem*.

BIBL.: F. C. von Savigny, *Storia del Diritto romano nel medioevo*, trans. Bollati, I, Turin 1854-57, pp. 600 ff.; II, pp. 163-83; III, p. 447; A. Pertile, *Storia del Diritto italiano dalla caduta dell'impero romano alla codificazione*, II, part 2, Turin 1898, pp. 40, 63, 104; E. Besta, *Fonti. Legislazione e scienza giuridica dalla caduta dell'impero romano al sec. XVI*, Milan 1925, p. 804; U. Nicolini, *Pilii Medicinensis Quaestiones Sabbatinae*, Modena 1933, pp. 19-23, 31; H. Kantorowicz, *Studies in the Glossators of the Roman Law*, Cambridge 1938, pp. 38, 87, 129, 142; A. van Hove, *Prolegomena*, 2nd ed., Malines-Rome 1945, pp. 449, 452, 460.