GEBHARDT, OSKAR LEOPOLD von. - Protestant theologian, b. 22 June 1844 at Wesenberg (Estonia), d. 9 May 1906 at Lipsia. Having completed his theological studies (1862–70), he specialized in Greek palaeography and from 1875 devoted himself to librarianship. Librarian of the University of Lipsia (1893), he also held there the chair of bibliography and literature. During his scholarly journeys in Italy, France, England, and Russia, he discovered valuable manuscripts, especially concerning Holy Scripture. With tireless and meticulous work he published important studies on the Bible and patristics, some in collaboration with his friend A. Harnack in the series Texte und Untersuchungen, begun in 1888.
His principal works and editions prepared by him are: Graecus Venetus (Lipsia 1875); Patrum apostolicorum opera (3 parts, ibid. 1875–77, with A. Harnack and Th. Zahn); Evangeliorum codex Graecus purpureus Rossanensis (ibid. 1880, with A. Harnack); Die Evangelien des Mt. u. Mc. (ibid. 1883); The miniatures of the Ashburnham Pentateuch (Londra 1883); Der Arethus Codex Par. G. 452 (Lipsia 1883); Evangelium und Apokalyptus des Petrus (ibid. 1895); Psalmus Salomos (ibid. 1895); Acta martyrum selecta (ibid. 1902); Die lateinische Übersetzung der Acta Pauli et Theclax (ibid. 1902).