Baluze, Étienne

BALUZE, ETIENNE. — French scholar, born in Tulle on 24 November 1630, died in Paris on 28 June 1718. He initially studied civil law without passion or success, in order to please his father; but he later discovered his vocation as a canonist and ecclesiastical historian when, in 1656, he became secretary and collaborator of the archbishop of Paris, Pietro di Marca (d. 1662). In 1667 Colbert entrusted him with the direction of his library, and in 1689 Louis XIV appointed him professor of canon law at the Collège de France. In 1710, because he had published a Histoire généalogique de la Maison d'Auvergne (Paris 1708), which offended the sovereign’s pride, he was obliged to leave Paris and was authorized to return only in 1713. From a young age he received the tonsure, which enabled him to hold several ecclesiastical benefices. B. was a tireless worker, an incomparable scholar, passionately devoted to the truth to the point of compromising his personal interests in defending it, a good-natured man with a humorous character, and a faithful and considerate friend. His contact with Pietro di Marca had imbued him with Gallican prejudices, which too often showed through in his writings and more than once brought upon him Roman censures. He would have liked to bring the Roman Curia back to observance of the ancient canons, without taking account of historical development and the exercise of the primacy.

In addition to the works of S. Cipriano, Mario Mercatore, Salviano of Marseille, Servato Lupo, and the bishops of Lio-

Article illustration
(from Correspondence de H. de Balzac, I, Paris 1865) BALZAC, HONORÉ DE - Portrait engraved by G. Lévy with autograph signature.
Besides the works of S. Cyprian, Marius Mercator, Salvian of Marseille, Lupus of Ferrières, the bishops Agobard, Leidrad, and Amulo, 14 homilies of S. Caesarius of Arles, and the De ecclesiasticis disciplinis of Regino, abbot of Prüm, our scholar published: the work of Pietro di Marca entitled: Concordia sacerdotii et imperii (1st ed., Paris 1663), placed on the Index (2nd ed. in 1669, without taking the condemnation into account); Nova collectio conciliorum, I (there 1707), a supplement to the Collectio conciliorum of Fathers Labbe and Cossart; Vitae Paparum Avenionensium, 2 vols. (there 1693), placed on the Index in 1698; a new edition, revised and improved by G. Mollat, 4 vols. (there 1914–28); Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne, 2 vols. (there 1708); Historiae Tutelensis libri tres (there 1717); Les conciles de la Gaule Narbonnaise (there 1668).

BIBL.: E. Fage, E. B., sa vie, ses ouvrages, son exil, sa défense, Tulle 1899, reprinted from the Bulletin de la Société des lettres, sciences et arts de la Corrèze, 20 (1898); G. Mollat, s. V. in DHG, VI, cols. 439–52, where the complete list of B.'s works, with an extensive bibliography, will be found. Martino Jugie
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“BALUZE, ETIENNE.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. II (1949), p. 453. Azione Romana digital edition, https://azioneromana.com/article/baluze-etienne.