GIOVENALE, first patriarch of GERUSALEMME. — From 422 to 458. He was a great friend of St. Cirillo of Alessandria, whom he joined at the Council of Ephesus (431) in the struggle against Nestorius. Relying on this support, he sought to proclaim the see of Gerusalemme metropolitan of all Palestine, freeing it from subordination to the patriarchate of Antioch and to the metropolitan see of Caesarea.
G. then temporarily joined the party of Eutyches against Flavian at the “Robber Council of Ephesus” (449); but at the Council of Chalcedon he is once again found among the orthodox. He was therefore expelled by the Monophysites upon his return to Gerusalemme. Restored with the help of the emperor Marcian, however, he condemned Monophysitism at a Holy Synod in 452. Pope Leo the Great eventually Gerusalemme (v.).