RENEWAL, THE. - A bi-annual journal published in Milan from January 1907 to December 1909, with the subtitle *Critical Review of Ideas and Events*. The editorial board consisted of A. A. Alfieri, A. Casati, and F. T. Gallarati-Scotti, all laymen.
The program, with a modernist tone, featured historical and philosophical articles that weighed every idea solely on the contingent scale of truth as then deemed valid, and not at all on the authority of the decrees of any Roman congregation. The editors of the journal,
from the appearance of its first issue (29 April 1907), received a warning from the Congregation of the Index; Cardinal Ferrari on 5 November prohibited its reading in Milan and on 23 December launched a major excommunication against the editors and contributors. All these individual condemnations soon thereafter automatically became part of the general condemnation of dogmatic modernism, proclaimed by the decree *Lamentabili* (3 July 1907) and the encyclical *Pascendi* (8 September 1907).