On the Incarnation of the Word 35
35 Prophecies of Christ's sovereignty, flight into Egypt, &c
§36. Prophecies of Christ’s sovereignty, flight into Egypt, &c.
But what king that ever was, before he had strength to call father or mother, reigned and gained triumphs over his enemies? Did not David come to the throne at thirty years of age, and Solomon, when he had grown to be a young man? Did not Joas enter on the kingdom when seven years old, and Josias, a still later king, receive the government about the seventh year of his age? And yet they at that age had strength to call father or mother. 2. Who, then, is there that was reigning and spoiling his enemies almost before his birth? Or what king of this sort has ever been in Israel and in Juda—let the Jews, who have searched out the matter, tell us—in whom all the nations have placed their hopes and had peace, instead of being at enmity with them on every side? 3. For as long as Jerusalem stood there was war without respite betwixt them, and they all fought with Israel; the Assyrians oppressed them, the Egyptians persecuted them, the Babylonians fell upon them; and, strange to say, they had even the Syrians their neighbours at war against them. Or did not David war against them of Moab, and smite the Syrians, Josias guard against his neighbours, and Ezechias quail at the boasting of Senacherim, and Amalek make war against Moses, and the Amorites oppose him, and the inhabitants of Jericho array themselves against Jesus son of Naue? And, in a word, treaties of friendship had no place between the nations and Israel. Who, then, it is on whom the nations are to set their hope, it is worth while to see. For there must be such an one, as it is impossible for the prophet to have spoken falsely. 4. But which of the holy prophets or of the early patriarchs has died on the Cross for the salvation of all? Or who was wounded and destroyed for the healing of all? Or which of the righteous men, or kings, went down to Egypt, so that at his coming the idols of Egypt fell? For Abraham went thither, but idolatry prevailed universally all the same. Moses was born there, and the deluded worship of the people was there none the less.
Ἀλλ’ ἴσως περὶ μὲν τῆς τοῦ θανάτου προφητείας ἀκούσας, ζητεῖς καὶ τὰ περὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ σημαινόμενα μαθεῖν. οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ τοῦτο σεσιώπηται· δεδήλωται δὲ καὶ λίαν τηλαυγῶς ἀπὸ τῶν ἁγίων.
Μωϋσῆς γὰρ πρῶτος μεγάλῃ τῇ φωνῇ προαπαγγέλλει λέγων· Ὄψεσθε τὴν ζωὴν ὑμῶν κρεμαμένην ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ὑμῶν, καὶ οὐ μὴ πιστεύσητε.
Καὶ οἱ μετ’ αὐτὸν δὲ προφῆται πάλιν περὶ τούτου μαρτυροῦσι λέγοντες· Ἐγὼ δὲ ὡς ἀρνίον ἄκακον ἀγόμενον τοῦ θύεσθαι, οὐκ ἔγνων· ἐπ’ ἐμὲ ἐλογίσαντο πονηρὸν λέγοντες· δεῦτε, καὶ ἐμβάλωμεν ξύλον εἰς τὸν ἄρτον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκτρίψωμεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ γῆς ζώντων
Καὶ πάλιν, Ὠρυξαν χεῖράς μου καὶ πόδας μου ἐξηρίθμησαν πάντα τὰ ὀστᾶ μου, διεμερίσαντο τὰ ἱμάτιά μου ἑαυτοῖς, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἱματισμόν μου ἔβαλον κλῆρον
Θάνατος δὲ μετέωρος, καὶ ἐν ξύλῳ γινόμενος, οὐκ ἄλλος ἂν εἴη, εἰ μὴ ὁ σταυρός· καὶ ἐν οὐδενὶ δὲ πάλιν θανάτῳ διορύσσονται χεῖρες καὶ πόδες, εἰ μὴ ἐν μόνῳ τῷ σταυρῷ.
Ἐπειδὴ δὲ τῇ τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἐπιδημίᾳ καὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη πανταχόθεν ἐπιγινώσκειν τὸν Θεὸν ἤρξαντο, οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἀπαρασήμαντον κατέλειψαν· ἀλλ’ ἔστι καὶ περὶ τούτων μνήμη ἐν τοῖς ἀγίοις γράμμασιν Ἔσται γάρ, φησιν, ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν, ἐπ’ αὐτῷ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσι. ταῦτα μὲν ὀλίγα πρὸς ἀπόδειξιν τῶν γενομένων.
Πᾶσα δὲ γραφὴ πεπλήρωται διελέγχουσα τὴν Ἰουδαίων ἀπιστίαν. τίς γὰρ πώποτε τῶν ἐν ταῖς θείαις γραφαῖς ἱστορηἱστορηθέντων δικαίων, καὶ ἀγίων προφητῶν, καὶ πατριαρχῶν, ἐκ παρθένου μόνης ἔσχε τὴν τοῦ σώματος γένεσιν; ἥ τίς γυνὴ χωρὶς ἀνδρὸς αὐτάρκης γέγονε πρὸς σύστασιν ἀνθρώπων; οὐκ Ἅβελ μὲν ἐξ Ἀδὰμ γονεν Ἑνὼχ δὲ ἐκ τοῦ Ἰάρεδ, Νῶε ἐκ Λάμεχ, καὶ Ἀβραὶμ μὲν ἐκ Θάφφα, Ἰσαὰκ δὲ ἐξ Ἀβραάμ, καὶ Ἰακὼβ ἐξ Ισαάκ; οὐχὶ Ιούδας ἐξ Ἰακώβ, καὶ Μωϋσῆς καὶ Ἀαρὼν ἐξ Ἀμεράμ οὐ Σαμοιὴλ τοῦ Ἐλκανᾶ γέγονεν, οὐ Δαβὶδ τοῦ Ἰεσσαί, οὐ Σολομὼν τοῦ Δαβίδ, οὐκ Ἐζεκίας τοῦ Ἄχαζ, οὐκ Ἰωσίας τοῦ Ἀμώς, οὐχ Ἡσαΐας τοῦ Ἀμώς, οὐχ Ἱερεμίας τοῦ Χελκίου, οὐκ Ἰεζεκιὴλ τοῦ Βουζί; οὐχ ἕκαστος ἔσχε τὸν πατέρα τῆς γενέσεως ἀρχηγόν; τίς οὖν ὁ ἐκ παρθένου μόνης γεγονώς; ὅτι καὶ λίαν ἐμέλησε τῷ προφήτῃ περὶ τῆς τούτου σημασίας.
Τίνος δὲ τῆς γενέσεως προέδραμεν ἀστὴρ ἐν οὐρανοῖς, καὶ τὸν γενηθεντα ἐσήμανε τῇ οἰκουμένῃ; Μωϋσῆς μὲν γὰρ γεννώμενος, ἐκρύπτετο ὑπὸ τῶν γονέων· Δαβὶδ δὲ οὐδὲ τοῖς ἐκ γειτόνων ἠκούσθη, ὅπουγε οὐδὲ ὁ μέγας Σαμουὴλ αὐτὸν ἐγίνωσκεν, ἀλλ’ ἐπυνθάνετο, εἰ ἔτι ἄλλος ἐστὶν υἱὸς τῷ Ἰεσσαί; Ἁβραὰμ δὲ λοιπὸν γεγονὼς μέγας ἐγνώσθη τοῖς ἐγγύς. τῆς δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ γενέσεως μάρτυς οὐκ ἄνθρωπος, ἀλλ’ ἀστὴρ φαινόμενος ἦν ἐν οὐρανῷ, ὅθεν καὶ κατέβαινεν.