PISACANE, Carlo. - Patriot and writer, b. in Naples on 22 Aug. 1818, d. at Sanza on 2 July 1857. Of noble family, he entered at the age of thirteen the Nunziatella College and then the army (engineering corps). He then went into exile in Marseilles, London and finally Paris. Returning from Africa, where he had enlisted in the Foreign Legion, he fought in Lombardy in 1848.
When the Republic was proclaimed in Rome, he presented himself on 10 March 1849 to Mazzini and became the organizer of the republican army. In conflict with Garibaldi, he reaffirmed his severe judgments in the work *Guerra combattuta in Italia negli anni 1848-49*, published in 1851 in Genoa, where he had taken refuge and where he lived until 1857, devoted to studies; the fruit of these is the *Saggi storici-politici-militari sull'Italia*, which appeared posthumously in Genoa (1858) and in Milan (1860) in 4 vols. He reunited with Mazzini in 1855, after a period of tension due to differences over the social question, and together they opposed the Crimean venture and Mazzinianism. Believing that the Italian revolution could be achieved through popular action in the South, he organized the Sapri expedition, which ended with his death. On the eve of departure he handed to Jessie White documents and papers and his will, a document of political faith.
After having adhered to Mazzinian theories, P.
