Ioseph manifesteth himself to his bretheren. Who being much terified he comforteth them, and weeping embraceth euerie one 16. The bruite wherof coming to Pharao, he congratulating commandeth Ioseph to cal his father with al his familie into Aegypt. 21. So the eleuen brothers aresent away with gifies and prouision for Iacobs iourney. 26. Al which the father vnderstanding is reuiued in spirite.
1Joseph could no longer refrain himself before many that stood by: whereupon he commanded that all should go out, and no stranger be present at their knowing one another.Non poteva più contenersi Giuseppe, molti essendo d'intorno a lui: per la qual cosa ordinò, che tutti si ritirassero, affinché nissuno straniero fosse presente, mentre ad essi si dava a conoscere.IOSEPH could no longer refrayne manie standing by in presence: wherupon he commanded that al should goe forth, and no stranger should be present at their acknowledging one of another.Non se poterat ultra cohibere Joseph multis coram astantibus: unde præcepit ut egrederentur cuncti foras, et nullus interesset alienus agnitioni mutuæ. 2And he lifted up his voice with weeping, which the Egyptians, and all the house of Pharao heard.E piangendo alzò la voce: e fu udita dagli Egiziani, e da tutta la casa di Faraone.And he lifted vp his voice with weeping, which the Aegyptians heard, and al the house of Pharao.Elevavitque vocem cum fletu, quam audierunt Ægyptii, omnisque domus Pharaonis. 3And he said to his brethren: I am Joseph: Is my father yet living? His brethren could not answer him, being struck with exceeding great fear.E disse a' suoi fratelli: Io son Giuseppe: vive tuttora il padre mio? Non poteano dargli risposta i fratelli per l'eccessivo sbigottimento.And he said to his Brethren: I am Ioseph: is my father yet liuing? His brethren could not answer him being teribly astonyed out of measure.Et dixit fratribus suis: Ego sum Joseph: adhuc pater meus vivit ? Non poterant respondere fratres nimio terrore perterriti. 4And he said mildly to them: Come nearer to me. And when they were come near him, he said: I am Joseph, your brother, whom you sold into Egypt.Ma egli con benignità disse loro: Appressatevi a me. E quando gli furon dappresso: Io sono, disse, Giuseppe vostro fratello, che voi vendeste per l'Egitto.To whom gently he said: Come hither to me. And when they were come nere him, I am, quoth he, Ioseph, your brother, whom you solde into Aegypt.Ad quos ille clementer: Accedite, inquit, ad me. Et cum accessissent prope: Ego sum, ait, Joseph, frater vester, quem vendidistis in Ægyptum. 5Be not afraid, and let it not seem to you a hard case that you sold me into these countries: for God sent me before you into Egypt for your preservation.Non temete, e non vi sembri dura cosa l'avermi venduto per questo paese: perocché per vostra salute mandommi Dio innanzi a voi in Egitto.Be not affraid, neither let it seeme to you a hard case that you did sel me into these countries: for God sent me before you into Aegypt for your preseruation.Nolite pavere, neque vobis durum esse videatur quod vendidistis me in his regionibus: pro salute enim vestra misit me Deus ante vos in Ægyptum.
6For it is two years since the famine began to be upon the land, and five years more remain, wherein there can be neither ploughing nor reaping.Imperocché sono due anni, che la fame ha principiato nel paese: e rimangono ancor cinque anni, ne' quali non si potrà arare, né mietere.For it is two yeares since the famin begain to be vpon the earth, and yet fiue yeares remaine, wherin there can be neither earing nor reaping.Biennium est enim quod cœpit fames esse in terra: et adhuc quinque anni restant, quibus nec arari poterit, nec meti. 7And God sent me before, that you may be preserved upon the earth, and may have food to live.E il Signore mi mandò innanzi, affinché voi siate salvati sulla terra, e possiate aver cibo per conservare la vita.And God sent me before, that you may be preserued vp on the earth, and may haue victuals to liue.Præmisitque me Deus ut reservemini super terram, et escas ad vivendum habere possitis. 8Not by your counsel was I sent hither, but by the will of God: who hath made me as it were a father to Pharao, and lord of his whole house, and governor in all the land of Egypt.Non per vostro consiglio sono stato mandato qua, ma per volere di Dio, il quale mi ha renduto quasi il padre di Faraone, e padrone di tutta la sua casa, e principe di tutta la terra d'Egitto.Not by your counsail, but by the wil of God was I sent hither: who hath made me as it were a father to Pharao, and lord of his whole house, and prince in al the land of Aegypt.Non vestro consilio, sed Dei voluntate huc missum sum: qui fecit me quasi patrem Pharaonis, et dominum universæ domus ejus, ac principem in omni terra Ægypti. 9Make haste, and go ye up to my father, and say to him: Thus saith thy son Joseph: God hath made me lord of the whole land of Egypt; come down to me, linger not.Speditevi, e andate a mio padre, e ditegli: Queste cose ti manda a dire Giuseppe tuo figlio: Dio mi ha fatto signore di tutta la terra d'Egitto: vieni da me; non porre indugio,Make hast and get ye vp to my father, and you shal say to him: Thy sonne Ioseph willeth thus: God hath made me lord of the whole land of Aegypt: come downe to me, tary not.Festinate, et ascendite ad patrem meum, et dicetis ei: Hæc mandat filius tuus Joseph: Deus fecit me dominum universæ terræ Ægypti: descende ad me, ne moreris, 10And thou shalt dwell in the land of Gessen: and thou shalt be near me, thou and thy sons, and thy sons’ sons, thy sheep, and thy herds, and all things that thou hast.E abiterai nella terra di Gessen, e sarai vicino a me tu, e i tuoi figliuoli, e i figliuoli de' tuoi figliuoli, le tue pecore, e i tuoi armenti, e tutto quello che possiedi.And thou shalt dwel in the land of Gessen: and thou shalt be nere me thou and thy sonnes, and thy sonnes children, thy shepe, and thy heardes. and al things that thou dost possesse.et habitabis in terra Gessen: erisque juxta me tu, et filii tui, et filii filiorum tuorum, oves tuæ, et armenta tua, et universa quæ possides:
11And there I will feed thee, (for there are yet five years of famine remaining) lest both thou perish, and thy house, and all things that thou hast.E ivi ti sostenterò (perocché vi restano tuttora cinque anni di fame), affinché non perisca tu, e la tua casa, e tutto quello che possiedi.And there I wil fede thee (for yet there are fiue yeares of famine remayning) lest both thou perish, and thy house, & al things that thou dost possesse.ibique te pascam (adhuc enim quinque anni residui sunt famis) ne et tu pereas, et domus tua, et omnia quæ possides. 12Behold, your eyes, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin, see that it is my mouth that speaketh to you.Ecco che gli occhi vostri, e gli occhi del fratello mio Beniamino veggono, che son io, che di mia bocca vi parlo.Behold, your eyes, and the eyes of my brother Beniamin doe see, that it is my mouth that speaketh vnto you.En oculi vestri, et oculi fratris mei Benjamin, vident quod os meum loquatur ad vos. 13You shall tell my father of all my glory, and all things that you have seen in Egypt: make haste and bring him to me.Raccontate al padre mio tutta la mia gloria, e tutto quello che veduto avete in Egitto: affrettatevi, e conducetelo a me.Report to my father my whole glorie and al things that you haue seene in Aegypt: make hast, and bring him to me.Nuntiate patri meo universam gloriam meam, et cuncta quæ vidistis in Ægypto: festinate, et adducite eum ad me. 14And falling upon the neck of his brother Benjamin, he embraced him and wept: and Benjamin in like manner wept also on his neck.E lasciandosi cader sul collo del suo fratello Beniamino pianse, piangendo ugualmente anche questi sul collo di lui.And falling vpon the neck of his brother Beniamin, embracing him he wept: he also in like maner weeping vpon his neck.Cumque amplexatus recidisset in collum Benjamin fratris sui, flevit: illo quoque similiter flente super collum ejus. 15And Joseph kissed all his brethren, and wept upon every one of them: after which they were emboldened to speak to him.E baciò Giuseppe tutti i suoi fratelli, e pianse ad uno ad uno con essi: dopo di ciò preser fidanza di parlare con lui.And Ioseph kissed al his brethren, and wept vpon euerie one: after which things they were bold to speake vnto him.Osculatusque est Joseph omnes fratres suos, et ploravit super singulos: post quæ ausi sunt loqui ad eum. 16And it was heard, and the fame was spread abroad in the king’s court: The brethren of Joseph are come; and Pharao with all his family was glad.E si sentì dire, e divulgossi di bocca in bocca per la reggia di Faraone: Sono venuti i fratelli di Giuseppe: e Faraone, e tutta la sua famiglia ne provò gran piacere.And it was heard of, and very famously reported abrode in the kings courte: The brethren of Ioseph are come: and Pharao was glad, and al his familie.Auditumque est, et celebri sermone vulgatum in aula regis: Venerunt fratres Joseph: et gavisus est Pharao, atque omnis familia ejus.
17And he spoke to Joseph that he should give orders to his brethren, saying: Load your beasts, and go into the land of Chanaan,E disse a Giuseppe, che comandasse, e dicesse ai suoi fratelli: Caricate i vostri giumenti, e andate nella terra di Chanaan;And he spake to Ioseph that he should command his brethren, saying: Loading your beasts goe into the Land of Chanaan,Dixitque ad Joseph ut imperaret fratribus suis, dicens: Onerantes jumenta, ite in terram Chanaan, 18And bring away from thence your father and kindred, and come to me; and I will give you all the good things of Egypt, that you may eat the marrow of the land.E di là prendete il padre vostro, e la sua famiglia, e venite da me: e io vi darò tutti i beni dell'Egitto, e vi nutrirete del midollo della terra.and take thence your father and kinne, and come to me: and I wil geue you al the good things of Aegypt, that you may eate the marow of the land.et tollite inde patrem vestrum et cognationem, et venite ad me: et ego dabo vobis omnia bona Ægypti, ut comedatis medullam terræ. 19Give orders also that they take wagons out of the land of Egypt, for the carriage of their children and their wives; and say: Take up your father, and make haste to come with all speed:Ordina ancora, che prendano carri dalla terra di Egitto per trasportare i piccoli loro figli, e le donne, e dirai loro: Prendete il padre vostro, e affrettatevi, e venite con tutta celerità.Geue commandment also that they take waynes out of the land of Aegypt, for the carage of their litle ones and wyues: and say: Take vp your father, and make hast to come with al spede.Præcipe etiam ut tollant plaustra de terra Ægypti, ad subvectionem parvulorum suorum ac conjugum: et dicito: Tollite patrem vestrum, et properate quantocius venientes. 20And leave nothing of your household stuff; for all the riches of Egypt shall be yours.E non vi date pena di non portare tutti i vostri utensili; perocché tutte le ricchezze dell'Egitto saranno vostre.Neither doe you leaue any thing of your houshould stuffe: for al the riches of Aegypt, shal be yours.Nec dimittatis quidquam de supellectili vestra: quia omnes opes Ægypti vestræ erunt. 21And the sons of Israel did as they were bid. And Joseph gave them wagons according to Pharao’s commandment: and provisions for the way.E i figliuoli d'Israele fecero, com'era lor comandato. E Giuseppe diede loro de' carri, conforme avea ordinato Faraone, e i viveri pel viaggio.And the sonnes of Israel did as it was commanded them. To whom Ioseph gaue waynes according to Pharaos commandment: and victuals for the way.Feceruntque filii Israël ut eis mandatum fuerat. Quibus dedit Joseph plaustra, secundum Pharaonis imperium, et cibaria in itinere.
22He ordered also to be brought out for every one of them two robes: but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver, with five robes of the best:E ordinò ancora, che fossero messe fuori due vesti per ognuno di essi: e a Beniamin diede trecento monete d'argento con cinque ottime vesti:He bad also to be brought vp for euery one two robes: but to Beniamin he gaue three hundred peeces of siluer with fiue robes of the best:Singulis quoque proferri jussit binas stolas: Benjamin vero dedit trecentos argenteos cum quinque stolis optimis: 23Sending to his father as much money and raiment; adding besides, ten he-asses, to carry off all the riches of Egypt, and as many she-asses, carrying wheat and bread for the journey.Altrettanto denaro, e altrettante vesti mandò a suo padre colla giunta di dieci asini, che portavano d'ogni sorta delle ricchezze d'Egitto, e altrettante asine cariche di grano e di pane pel viaggio.sending to his father as much money and rayment, adding besides them he asses that should carie of al the riches of Aegypt, and as many shee asses, carying wheat for the iourney and bread.tantumdem pecuniæ et vestium mittens patri suo, addens et asinos decem, qui subveherent ex omnibus divitiis Ægypti, et totidem asinas, triticum in itinere, panesque portantes. 24So he sent away his brethren, and at their departing said to them: Be not angry in the way.Licenziò adunque i fratelli, e mentre stavano per partire disse: Non sieno dispute tra voi per viaggio.Therfore he dismissed his brethren, and when they were departing he said to them: Be not angrie in the way.Dimisit ergo fratres suos, et proficiscentibus ait: Ne irascamini in via. 25And they went up out of Egypt, and came into the land of Chanaan, to their father Jacob.Quelli partiti dall'Egitto giunsero al padre loro Giacobbe nella terra di Chanaan.Who going vp out of Aegypt, came into the land of Chanaan to their father Iacob.Qui ascendentes ex Ægypto, venerunt in terram Chanaan ad patrem suum Jacob. 26And they told him, saying: Joseph, thy son, is living; and he is ruler in all the land of Egypt. Which when Jacob heard, he awaked as it were out of a deep sleep, yet did not believe them.E gli dieder le nuove, e dissero: Giuseppe il tuo figlio vive, ed egli è padrone in tutta la terra d'Egitto. Udita la qual cosa Giacobbe, quasi da profondo sonno svegliandosi, non prestava però fede ad essi.And they told him saying: Ioseph thy sonne is liuing: and he ruleth in al the Land of Aegypt. Which when Iacob heard, awaking as it were out of a heauie sleepe, notwithstanding did not beleeue them.Et nuntiaverunt ei, dicentes: Joseph filius tuus vivit: et ipse dominatur in omni terra Ægypti. Quo audito Jacob, quasi de gravi somno evigilans, tamen non credebat eis.
27They, on the other side, told the whole order of the thing. And when he saw the wagons, and all that he had sent, his spirit revived,Ma quelli tutta raccontaron la serie delle cose. E quando ebbe egli veduti i carri, e tutte le cose, che quegli avea mandate, si ravvivò il suo spirito,They on the contrarie side reported the whole order of the thing. And when he sawe the waynes and al things that he had sent, his spirit reuiued,Illi e contra referebant omnem ordinem rei. Cumque vidisset plaustra et universa quæ miserat, revixit spiritus ejus, 28And he said: It is enough for me if Joseph, my son, be yet living: I will go and see him before I die.E disse: A me basta, che sia ancor in vita Giuseppe mio figlio: anderò, e lo vedrò prima di morire.and he said: It sufficeth me if Ioseph my sonne be liuing yet: I wil goe, and see him before I dye.et ait: Sufficit mihi si adhuc Joseph filius meus vivit: vadam, et videbo illum antequam moriar.
45:2
Haydock
Weeping, with a loud cry, being unable to restrain himself. The servants, who were in the adjoining apartments, heard this cry and declaration of Joseph, acknowledging one common father with these men; and they presently conveyed the intelligence to the king. (Haydock)
45:4
Menochius
Nearer; that no one might hear what he was going to say respecting their fault. (Menochius)
It is thus we ought to treat those who have injured us. He excuses his brethren as much as possible. (Haydock) See Genesis 50:20.
45:5
Calmet
Hard. Hebrew, "Be not indignant in your eyes." Perhaps he was afraid, lest they should begin to accuse one another, as the authors of the deed, and thus disturb the harmony of this reconciliation. He perfectly understands the conduct of divine Providence, which can draw good out of evil, and cause even the malice of men to co-operate in the execution of his designs. (Calmet)
45:6
Calmet
Reaping, as in common years, though the places near the Nile might produce some little; (Menochius) and hence the Egyptians ask Joseph for seed, Genesis 47:19. (Calmet)
45:8
Haydock
Counsel. Joseph's brethren had no design of elevating him to so high a dignity; but God's will directed Pharao to appoint him his counsellor or prime minister. His father. (Haydock)
Calmet
So the Roman emperors styled the prefects of the Praetorium, and the Caliphs their chief minister. (Calmet)
45:10
Haydock
Gessen, to the north-east of Egypt, near me, at Tanis, in the Delta and near the promised land, being a part of Arabia. (Haydock)
Haydock
This country is often refreshed by showers of rain, (Calmet) which never falls in most parts of Egypt. It is intersected by many canals, and is very rich and proper for pasturage. (Haydock)
45:11
Calmet
Perish. Hebrew, be reduced to poverty. He fed them like the priests, Genesis 47:12, 22. (Calmet)
45:12
Haydock
My mouth. You now recognize my features and my speech; particularly you, my dear Benjamin. (Haydock)
Menochius
I speak no longer by an interpreter. (Menochius)
45:16
Menochius
Family, and courtiers. They were all so enraptured with Joseph's conduct, that they rejoiced in whatever gave him pleasure. (Menochius)
Haydock
They thought, perhaps, that his relations would resemble him, and be of service to Egypt. (Haydock)
45:18
Calmet
Marrow; which is an emphatical expression, to signify the best things of Egypt, Chaldean. Hebrew, "the fat, or the cream of the land." (Calmet)
45:20
Leave nothing. Hebrew may have another meaning, which Calmet approves, "Let not your eye spare your furniture." Be not concerned to leave what may be useless, as most of the husbandry utensils would be in Egypt, "for all," etc.
45:22
Calmet
Two robes (stolas) hanging down to the feet. These properly belong to women. But they are worn by men in the East. It was customary to make presents of such robes, as it is still among the great men and kings of that country. Lucullus kept 6000 cloaks in his wardrobe. (Horat.[Horace?] 1. sat. 2.) (Calmet)
Of silver, sicles. The Septuagint has "of gold," as also Genesis 37:28.
45:23
As much...besides. This is omitted in Hebrew or at least is left ambiguous, "He sent in like manner to his father ten," etc. But the Syriac and Septuagint explain it like the Vulgate.
She-asses. Septuagint, "mules."
Calmet
Bread. Hebrew adds, "meat," or provisions. (Calmet)
Haydock
These presents might convince Jacob that Joseph was still alive. (Haydock)
45:24
Haydock
Angry. A prudent admonition at all times, but particularly now, to Joseph's brethren; lest reflecting on his excessive kindness, they should each wish to remove from themselves the stigma of cruelty towards him, by throwing it upon others. (Haydock)
45:26
Haydock
He awaked, etc. His heart was overpowered between hope and distrust. He seemed to himself to be dreaming. Septuagint, "in an ecstacy." Such a sudden transition has oftentimes caused death. (Haydock)
45:27
St. Chrysostom
Revived; like a lamp, which was just going out, for want of oil, resumes fresh vigour when a new supply is poured in. (St. Chrysostom)
45:5
Gods prouidence turned their euil dealing to the good of the whole familie chap. 50. •. •0.
45:16
Iosephs pr• dēt proceding before he made him selfe knowen to his brethrē and them to Pharao, procured al this ioy & fauour towards them in Aegypt.
45:24
24. Be not angrie in the vvay] Trauelers in iourney are easily prouoked to Occasion of sinne to be auoided. anger and brawling: especially if they auoide not probable occasions. Therfore Ioseph admonisheth his brothers to beware therof, lest in talking of him, and how they had sold him to strangers, some of them might accuse others, and excuse themselues, and so fal in to new offences. S. Chris. ho. 64. in Gen.
45:5
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 6
… ( v. 23 ) [adding however,] “ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:” for though it was predetermined, still they were murderers. [“By the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God:”] all but using the same words as Joseph did; just as he said to his brethren; “Be not angry one with another by the way: God sent me hither.” (
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 9
… “And now, brethren, I wot that through ignorance ye did it, as did also your rulers.” ( v. 17 .) This is one ground of excuse. The second is of a different kind. As Joseph speaks to his brethren, “God did send me before you (
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. Homilies on Philemon 2
… And he has not said, He separated himself, but, “he was separated.” For it was not his own arrangement that he should depart either for this purpose or for that. Which also Joseph says, in making excuse for his brethren, “For God did send me hither” (
Giovanni Cassiano † 435 d.C. The Conferences of John Cassian 13.11
… “Fear not: Can ye resist the will of God? You imagined evil against me but God turned it into good, that He might exalt me, as ye see at the present time, that He might save much people.”
45:9
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 49
… Like a spirited steed that is eager to bound off to his fellows, did God keep him back there, for causes full of glory. For that he longed to see his father, and free him from his distress, is evident from his calling him thither. (
45:24
Tertulliano † 220 d.C. On Prayer 11
… For what sort of deed is it to approach the peace of God without peace? the remission of debts while you retain them? How will he appease his Father who is angry with his brother , when from the beginning “all anger” is forbidden us? For even Joseph, when dismissing his brethren for the purpose of fetching their father, said, “And be not angry in the way.”
45:3
3. Ego sum Joseph. Haec vox inopina, quasi fulmen, ait Rupertus, perculit fratres, eosque attonitos, elingues et quasi amentes reddidit; a formidabili enim potentia Josephi, sceleri suo non nisi mortem meritam exspectabant.
Interpretatio Allegorica (S. Ambrosius) Allegorice S. Ambrosius, lib. De Joseph, cap. XII: "Quid, inquit, aliud tunc clamavit, nisi, Ego sum Jesus, cum Pilato diceret: Tu dicis, quia rex sum. Accedite ad me, quia ego ad vos appropinquavi, ut per carnis susceptionem facerem me vestrae consortem naturae." Et multo magis eum post resurrectionem se discipulis ostendit, dicens: "Nolite timere, ego sum. Data est mihi omnis potestas in caelo et in terra." Haec S. Ambrosius. Vide et Hugonem Cardinalem.
Charitas Josephi Nota hic charitatem Josephi, qui usque ad mortem laesus, ultus est suam injuriam, tum oblivione et silentio; tum blanditiis, amplexibus, osculis, lacrymis et suspiriis; tum benefica fratrum perpetuaque alimonia. "Osculabatur ergo singulos, et per singulos flebat, et irriguis lacrymis paventium colla perfundebat, itaque odium fratrum charitatis lacrymis abluebat," inquit S. Augustinus, serm. 83 De Tempore. Disce a Josepho efficacissimum philtrum esse, "ut ameris, ama." Vere S. Chrysostomus, hom. 13 ad Populum: "Vis laudari? lauda alium. Vis amari? ama. Vis partibus primis potiri? cede illas prius alteri." Hoc philtro suis Constantinopolitis Catholicis inculcavit S. Gregorius Nazianzenus; dum enim ipsi ab Arianis, sub Valente Ariano Imperatore, vexati et oppressi, eo mortuo, sub Theodosio orthodoxo Imperatore par pari eis reddere, eosque paribus molestiis afficere cogitarent, haec ad eos dixit Nazianzenus: "Non haec, mi grex, a nobis poscit Christus, neque sic Evangelium nos docet. Opportunitas modo nobis offertur convertendi eos, qui per errorem seducti sunt. Agnoscant edocti delicta sua, procidant coram Domino, impietatem confiteantur, gregi nostro se immisceant. Haec mea sit ultio, ut qui nos affecerint injuriis, salutem consequantur, ac profiteantur esse praeclara, quae pridem persequebantur. Mites animis estote, filii. Cujus animus lenis ac tolerans est, is prudentia valet. Praestate illis beneficia qui vos odio persequuntur, ac prorsus eis delicta remittite. Quod si animus vehementer aestuat, neque coerceri se ira patitur, quod ab hoc alterum est praestate, ut haec Christo permittatis, ac futuro tribunali reservetis. Mea enim est ultio, ego rependam, ait Dominus." His dictis populum placavit, et in suam sententiam pertraxit, uti narrat Gregorius presbyter in Vita Gregorii Nazianzeni. Ita S. Martinus Brictionem presbyterum, suum calumniatorem, noluit officio privare, dicens: "Si Christus passus est Judam, cur ego non patiar Brictionem?" testis est Severus Sulpicius, Dialogo 3. Hoc philtro Martyres saepe suos carnifices converterunt, dum eos a Deo punitos suis precibus sanitati restituerunt, ut patet ex Vita S. Agnetis resuscitantis Praefecti filium se invadentem; ex Vita S. Joannis et Pauli, qui Terentiani Praefecti filium a daemone liberarunt; ex Vita S. Laurentii et Pergentini, qui carnifices suos obrigescentes, orando vigori restituerunt; ex Vita S. Sabini, qui Venustianum Praesidem oculorum dolore percussum sanavit; ex Vita S. Potamienae, S. Christinae, S. Anatoliae, S. Eugeniae, Dariae et aliorum plurimorum.
45:5
Nota secundo cum S. Chrysostomo: Joseph hic peccatum fratrum elevat, non per fatum aut Homericam Aten, id est, deam, quae mala et noxia inferre credita est a Gentilibus, sed per providentiam Dei, qui scelus eorum ordinavit in gloriam Josephi, et ipsorum publicumque bonum. Unde Joseph consolatur et hortatur eos ne doleant, aut se invicem propter hoc affligant, se non dolente, sed gaudente; unde ait: 5. Misit me Deus, q. d. Deus per vestrum scelus, quo me vendidistis, misit et direxit me huc, ut vestrae aliorumque fami prospicerem; quare non tam damnanda est vestra in me iniquitas, quam divinae sapientiae providentia et misericordia praedicanda. Ita S. Chrysostomus.
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6. Nec arari poterit, nisi tantum in paucis agris Nilo adjacentibus; caeteri enim steriles erunt, quia Nilus, qui Aegypto est instar pluviae, more suo non exundabit nec foecundabit agros.
Nota Chronologica Biennium est enim. Hinc patet res hac gesta esse, fratresque et patrem Jacobum in Aegyptum descendisse anno 2 sterilitatis, cum Jacob esset 130 annorum, Joseph vero 39; nam anno aetatis 30 Joseph evectus est ad principatum: successerunt deinde 7 anni fertilitatis, et duo sterilitatis; erat ergo ipse hoc secundo anno sterilitatis 39 annorum, ac consequenter natus est ipse anno Jacobi 91; tolle enim 39 a 130, habebis 91, ut dixi superius. Haec est basis et nodus chronologiae hujus aetatis: unde saepe repetenda.
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8. Non vestro consilio, sed Dei voluntate huc missus sum. "Voluntate" scilicet praefiniente exaltationem meam, meique venditionem tantum permittente, ut per eam exaltarer: ita Suarez et alii passim. Unde non dicit: "Vos misistis me," quia vos mittendo peccastis; sed, "Missus sum," quia Deus est auctor passionis, aeque ac patientiae meae, qua vestrum scelus subii et toleravi; non autem est auctor actionis vestrae: haec enim fuit peccatum. Sic de Christo ait Petrus, Actor. cap. II, 23: "Hunc definito consilio, et praescientia Dei traditum, per manus iniquorum affligentes interemistis." Decreverat enim Deus passionem Christi, non autem crucifixionem Judaeorum. Nam, ut aiunt Theologi, "actio (Judaeorum) displicuit, passio (Christi) grata fuit" Deo.
Versus 8: "Pater Pharaonis" Qui fecit me quasi patrem Pharaonis. "Patrem," id est, rectorem, consiliarium, moderatorem. Joseph enim ita res omnes Pharaonis suo consilio ac prudentia regebat, ac si ejus fuisset pater. Ita Vatablus. Rursum, curabat frumentum et annonam toti aulae, imo toti regno Pharaonis, ac si totius regni fuisset paterfamilias. Sic rex Tyri suum consiliarium intimum, puta Hiram, vocat patrem suum, II Paralip. 11, 13. Et Aman vocatur pater Artaxerxis, Esther XIII, 6. Fuit ergo pater regis, titulus honoris et dignitatis primae, in aulis regum Tyri, Aegypti et Persidis, sicut apud Hispanos, Italos et Gallos est oeconomus, quem Mayordomo vocant, qui aulae annonam aliaque necessaria curat, sicut paterfamilias curat domum suam. Ita Pineda, lib. V De Salom., pag. 197. Pulchre S. Chrysostomus, hom. 64 in persona Joseph: "Illa, inquit, servitus hunc principatum mihi conciliavit, illa venditio in hanc me gloriam evexit; illa afflictio hujus mihi occasio honoris fuit; illa invidia hanc mihi claritudinem peperit. Haec nos non solum audiamus, sed et imitemur, et ita solemur eos qui nos afflixere, non imputantes eis quae in nos admiserunt, et omnia magna ferentes benevolentia, sicut ille admirandus."
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9. Mandat, significat, nuntiat, optat: nec enim Joseph potuit, aut voluit proprie imperare patri suo.
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11. «Ne et tu pereas.» Hebraice est: pen tivvaresh, ne depaupereris, id est, ne inopia et inedia labores, itaque pereas. Ita Chaldaeus et Vatablus.
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18. «Medullam terrae.» Hebraice est, adipem terrae, id est fruges, et fructus terrae optimos et pinguissimos.
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22. «Binas stolas.» Hebraice est, vestes mutatorias: ergo ut minimum binas, ut scilicet unam subinde cum altera commutare possent. Pluralis enim numerus apud Hebraeos complectitur dualem. Nota: Vestes mutatoriae ab Hebraeis vocantur pulchrae et praestantes, quales in festis induimus, quando quotidianas viliores cum honestioribus festivis commutamus: unde Noster «stolas» vertit.
Trecentos argenteos Trecentos florenos Brabanticos; argenteus enim siclus, sive stater, valebat et appendebat quatuor regales Hispanicos. De quo plura Exodi XXX, 43.
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24. «Ne irascamini in via.» Hebraice est, ne rixemini, scilicet alter in alterum crimen in me admissum intorquentes et improperantes. Sicut paulo ante facere coeperat Ruben, dicens: «Numquid non dixi vobis: Nolite peccare in puerum, et non audistis me? En sanguis ejus exquiritur,» cap. XLII, 22. Ita S. Chrysostomus. Moraliter S. Ambrosius, lib. De Josepho, cap. XIII: «Docet, ait, maxime in via fugiendam esse discordiam, ubi ipse viandi comitatus debet esse inviolabilis, et gratiae habere consortium.»
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26. «Quasi de gravi somno evigilans.» Attonitus et stupens, ut nec loqui, nec rem tantam intelligere, aut concipere posset: tales enim sunt qui subito evigilant; hebraice est, cor ejus elanguit, id est, tantam consolationem accepit, ut prae laetitia et admiratione cor pene deficeret, vitalis spiritus cessaret, itaque quasi in deliquium animi incideret.
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27. «Revixit spiritus ejus.» Instar ignis lucernae, qui oleo deficiente emoriens infuso oleo reviviscit, ait S. Chrysostomus. Unde ipse ex Septuaginta legit, «reaccensus est senex (id est, inquit, 'juvenis ex sene est factus') decrepitus terram spectans.» Pari modo Jacob, cujus cor prius tam inopinate et incredibilis rei, nuntiique laetissimi admiratione elanguerat, vers. 26, nunc videns plaustra, omnemque apparatum sibi a Josepho submissum; ad se rediit, credidit tam laetum de Josepho superstite nuntium, itaque quasi revixit. Chaldaeus vertit, quievit Spiritus Sanctus super Jacob patrem ipsorum; quia, ut explicant Hebraei, Spiritus Sanctus non manet in hominibus tristibus, dolentibus, melancholicis, ideoque torpidis et ignavis, sed in alacribus, laetis, strenuis, expeditis, qualis hic factus est Jacob: ac proinde recepit spiritum propheticum, ut patet cap. seq., vers. 4, quo hactenus maerens caruerat. Ita ipsi, penes quos sit fides.
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28. «Sufficit mihi.» Hebraice, multum est mihi, q. d. Abunde gaudeo, nuntius hic tam laetus superat vota et spes meas, non est quid amplius quod desiderem, vel optem. «Nunc juvenis ille erexit mentem meam, et fugavit senectutis infirmitatem, et roboravit rationem,» ait S. Chrysostomus, hom. 65.
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v. 1 « Non se poterat ultra cohibere Ioseph multis coram adstantibus; unde praecepit, ut egrederentur cuncti foras, et nullus interesset alienus agnitioni mutuae ». Hebr. : neque adstitit quisquam, dum agnosceret loseph fratres suos. pBNni cf. 43,31 : solis his duobus locis de se cohibendo sermo est, ergo iis solis hoc verbum adhibetur. Nihil inde concludi potest, idemne loquatur auctor, an alius.
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v. 92 « Elevavitque vocem cum fletu, quam audierunt Aegyptii » de domo Ioseph, « [omnzsque] domus Pharaonis » , aliis narrantibus (Tost.).
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v. 3 « Et dixit fratribus suis : Ego sum loseph : adhuc pater meus vivit? » Quam quaestionem censet D?/ÍIm., post 43,97 sq. et 44,19-3 esse omnino superfluam. At liceat tandem auctori inspirato nonnihil minus ieiuno stilo uti, quam professori Berolinensi! Multo sapientiores Kn., Del. affirmant, eam quaestionem ita totam losephi mentem praeoccupasse, ut usque et usque redierit. « Non poterant respondere fratres [nemo] terrore perterrit? », ob sceleris conscientiam et conspectum loseph (CArys.).
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v. & « Ad quos tlle [clementer] : Accedite, inquit , ad iie », Animos addens (CArys.) hoc dixit. « Et cum accessissent prope : Ego sum, att, loseph frater vester, quem vendidistis in Aegyptum ». v. 5 Et nunc «nolite pavere neque vobis durum esse videatur », Hebr. : nolite tristari neque vobis videatur debere vos irasci, — invicem, suggerit Est., culpam ab altero in alterum transferentes; melius Tost. ait excludi internam cuiusque tristitiamn et indignationem — « quod vendidistis me in his regionibus : pro salute enim vestra misit me Deus ante vos [in Aegyptum] ». « Quam fraterna pietas, quam dulcis germanitas, ut etiam parricidale excusaret admissum , dicens divinae ilud providentiae fuisse, non impietatis humanae : quandoquidem non ab hominibus oblatus ad mortem , sed a Domino missus sit ad vitam » (Amóbr.). « Hoc enim proprium est divinae bonitatis et sapientiae, utipsis etiam malis bene utatur, convertendo ea ad rectitudinem alicuius ordinis » (Per.).
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v. 6 « Bienntum est entm , quod coepit fames esse in terra, et adhuc quinque anni restant, quibus nec arari poterit nec meti ».
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v. 1 « Praemisitque me Deus, ut reservemini super terram, et escas ad vivendum habere possitis ». Longe solemnius Hebr. : ad constituendum vobis residuum super terram , conservandam vitam vestram 1n salvationem magnam. Quibus Del. monet praeludere Iosephum, qui typus sit messiae futuraeque humanae salutis, solemnibus illis prophetarum de m^xv et nu» effatis. v. 8 Et nunc « non vestro consilio, sed Dei voluntate huc missus sum ». « Vide, quomodo semel et iterum et tertio consolatur illos dicens, se non ipsis adscribere causam sui in Aegyptum adventus, sed Deum id fecisse, quo in hanc ipse veniret gloriam » (CArys.). « Qui fecit me [quas:] patrem Pharaonis, et dominum universae domus eius, ac principem in omnt lerra Aegypti ». ny» 2N putavit H. Brugsch (L'Exode et les monuments égyptiens, p. 17 sq.) esse titulum ab en piráo, quem ipse se putat reperisse, designantem supremum aulae Pharaonis magistratum. Cum TI7N et ow sint voces hebr., verisimile est etiam 3N vocem hebr. esse, non aegyptiacam ; nisi forte defendas, illud aegyptiacum ab postea explicari per hebr. TN et bw. Sacerdotes dicebantur « divi patres », aliqui pontifices titulum habuere « pontifices (uab) Pharaonis » (Erman p. 174. 391. 397) : ergo posset etiam h. 1. intelligi sacerdotium aliquod Iosepho collatum, atque reapse plurimi aulici aegyptiaci titulo alicuius sacerdotii insigniebantur. Ita textus noster concipi potest triplicem Iosephi dignitatem exprimere : sacram, aulicam, politicam. Gessen erat ad orientem Nili, cum Hebraei eo pago excedentes flumen non traiecerint. LXX habent l'eo£y. 'Apga6íac, i. e. pagi (vópsox) Arabici, quem Herod. II. 158 describit situm ad orientem tractus, quem Delta dicimus, Strabo 17,1,21. 30 a Nilo ad Sinum Arabicum pertigisse. Pelusium, Heroopolis, Heliopolis ei tractui attribuebantur. Iam eius pagi caput apud graecos audiebat Phakusa, i. e. pa-kos, ubi pa est articulus. Monumenta vero caput pagi Arabici scribunt urbem, quae Nectanebi II aevo Kes , antiquiore tempore audiebat Kesem — l'so£u; eadem urbem sitam fuisse demonstrant medio inter Zagazig et Tel-el-Kebir itinere, loco qui audit Saft-el-Heuneh, in quo nomine videtur contineri nomen eius, qui pago Arabico praeerat, dei milviformis Sept, qui « dominus orientis » praedicabatur. Cf. G. Ebers : Durch Gosen zum Sinai, Leipzig 1872, p. 488 sqq.; E. Naville : Goshen and the shrine of Saft-el- Heuneh, London 1887; H. Brugsch: Geographische Inschriften I. 32, 129. 140, Leipzig 1857. Interpretes haec fere dici putant, quo novum fratribus suppeditetur argumentum, eum reapse esse Ioseph : En videtis me loquentem ipsum, et quidem sine interprete et lingua hebraica (Tost., Cai., etc.); agnoscitis me praeterea ex oris conformatione (Bonfr.). Quibus Malv. : « frigidus sensus! » inquit. « Simplicius est : Quis crederet, quod me amplius visuri essetis et loquentem audituri? Ecce videtis me loquentem ». Sed nonne etiam hoc est frigidum? Versus inseritur mediis nuntiis ad patrem per fratres deferendis : ergo non fratribus suppetit argumentum, sed patri. Fratribus vel solis v. 4 verbis « Ego sum Ioseph, quem vendidistis » factum erat abunde satis; at pater sciscitari poterat, an, quem afferrent , nuntius , reapse a Ioseph esset profectus. Cui responsuri erant fratres, non agi de rebus incerto rumore ad ipsos delatis, sed Iosephum a se et oculis conspectum et auribus auditum esse. v. 16 « Auditumque est [et celebri sermone vulgatum] ?n aula regis : Venerunt fratres loseph ». Rex Pastor Semitas opulentos libenter in inferiorem regionem recipiebat. Sane Ioseph
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v. 10 terram Gessen non promisisset, nisi scivisset Pharaonis mentem eam esse, ut ille tractus colonis Semitis permitteretur. « E4 gavisus est Pharao atque [omnis] familia eius ». v. 11 « Dixitque ad Ioseph », qui ingressus rem videtur exposuisse, unde non est cum Kn. mirandum, regem sponte in eadem devenire consilia, quae Ioseph ante maturasset, — « w£ ?mperaret fratribus suis dicens : Onerantes iumenta ite in terram Chanaan », v. 18 « et tollite inde patrem vestrum et cognationem , et venite ad me : et ego dabo vobis omnia bona Aegypti », non « optimam partem regionis » (Vat.), quod scribendum esset 2*2 (41,6. 11), non 315 (Kn.), « ut comedatis medullam terrae ». v. 19 « Praecipe etiam , ut tollant plaustra de terra. Aegypti [ad subvectionem] parvulorum suorum ac coniugum , et [dicito] - Tollite patrem. vestrum et properate [quantocyus venientes, ». v. 20 « Nec dimttatis quidquam de supellectili vestra, quia omnes opes Aegypti vestrae erunt ». De supellectili ne sitis solliciti : « satis vasorum satisque supellectilis est in Aegypto » (Vat.). D*"n misereri, affectu moveri; hinc : nolite affectu moveri in supellectilem, sc. ut cam magni facientes vobiscum auferatis. — v. 19 nnmy nnw, ettu iussus es, sapien- - ter supplet Syr. dicere fratribus tuis; sed id minime in textu primitus legi necesse fuit, e genio quippe linguae hebr. eiusmodi facile subintelliguntur : tu iuberis (aliis dicere) : facite hoc. Tanto facilius id h. 1. subintelligitur, quod eadem formula nwN5 YÜY modo v. 17 sit adhibita. Pual verbi admirationem non íacit cum per se, tum quod etiam Num. 36, 2 legatur. Ergo neque ulla textus correctione opus est, neque versus cum Dilln. alii scriptori assignandus. v. 91 « Feceruntque filii Israel, ut eis mandatum fuerat. Quibus dedit loseph plaustra secundum Pharaonis imperium, et. cibaria in itinere ». v. 99 « Singulis quoque proferri zussit binas stolas; Beniamin vero dedit trecentos argenteos cum quinque » (cf. &3,8&) « stolis [optimis] ». nov m»5n significat unam vestem exteriorem seu s/olam (Chaid.), quae mutationes vestium appellatur, quia frequentius veste interiore assumitur, deponitur, quae citra nudationem deponi nequit. Cf. quae diximus ad Iud. 14,12. v. 23 « Tantumdem pecuniae et vestium mittens patri suo, addens et asinos decem, qui subveherent ez [omnibus] divitiis Aegypti, et totidem asinas, triticum n itinere panesque » et cibum patri eius « portantes ». | excellerent, iidemque aurum e montibus extraherent variaque ex eo artefacta conficerent. v. 9 « Dimisit ergo fratres suos et proficiscentibus ait : Ne trascamzni in via ». 331 commoveri, e variis fit motivis. Hinc CArys. - nolite irasci invicem accusantes. Ca/m. : nolite timere; sed monet Kn., ubi undecim viri iter una faciant, non esse locum timori. Mov. : nolite nimia commotione et fastu incedere, tamquam gubernatoris Aegypti fratres. Melius fortasse Del. : nolite commoveri invidia ob Beniamin maiore honore habitum. Nam de Beniamin salute Ioseph se exhibet usque sollicitum. v. 25 « Qui ascendentes ez Aegypto venerunt in terram Chanaan ad. patrem suum lacob » , v. 26 « et nuntiaverunt ei dicentes : loseph filius tuus vivit, et ipse dominatur in omni terra Aegypti. [Quo audito Iacob| quasi de gravi somno evigilans, tamen non credebat eis ». Hebr. : et riguit cor eius, quia non credebat eis. Quae narrabantur, fieri haud potuisse videbantur primum, tamen sopitum renovabant dolorem. v. 27 « Il contra referebant omnem ordinem rei » , non incertum referri rumorem, sed (cf. v. 12) oculis conspecta et auribus audita. « Cumque vidisset plaustra et universa, quae miserat , revizil spiritus eius », v. 98 « et ait : Sufficit mihi si adhuc Ioseph filius meus vivit; vadam et videbo illum, antequam moriar ». 9. Iacob in Aegyptum adventus Gen. 56 sq. Cap. XLVI v. 4 « Profectusque Israel cum omnibus, quae habebat, venit ad Puteum Iuramenti »,i. e. Bersabee, cum quod eo transiret via in Aegyptum (Tost.), tum quod esset locus apprime sacer (21,33 ; 26,93 sq.), ubi et pro acceptis beneficiis gratias agere (Chrys.) et Deum de itinere aegyptiaco consulere (Tost.) posset. « Et mactatis tbi victimis Deo patris sui Isaac », v. 9 « audivit eum per visionem noctis vocantem se et dicentem sibi : Iacob, Iacob. Cui respondit : Ecce adsum ». v. 3 « Ait illi Deus: Ego sum fortissimus »,1. e. El, quod omittunt LXX, « Deus patris tui », qui huic tam mirabiliter adfui, etiam hoc ipso loco. « Noli timere, descende in Aegyptum, quia in gentem magnam faciam te ibi ». Deus Isaaco dixerat : « Ne descendas in Aegyptum ». Potuit iter Deo nolente susceptum retardare multiplicationem semini promissam. Imprudenter descendebat, quamdiu non certus erat se etiam in Chanaanitiden esse reversurum, cum omnes tandem promissiones in Chanaanitide essent implendae. — Gens magna futuri patriarchae promittebantur 12, 2; 13, 16; 15,18 sqq.; 17, 8; 18, 18; 22, 17; 26,24; 28, 14; 35, 11. Iter aegyptiacum, tacito tamen nomine, adumbrabatur 15, 13.
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… 13, 14; Iudc. 17, 10; 18, 19), come nel titolo del trattato Aboth (v.); onde il maestro chiama spesso il discepolo « figlio » (Prov. 4, 10, 20; 5, 1, 20; 6, 1, 3; 7, 1, 24; Ps. 44 [45], 11; Eccli. [ebr. 3, 8, 12, 17; 4, 1, 20; ecc.). 6) Consigliere (Gen. 45, 8: uso egiziano secondo H. K. Brugsch), come in Esth. 3, 13 ἑσύτερος πατὴρ (aggiunta dei Settanta); in Ahiqar 55 (ediz. …
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GESSEN. - Regione del delta egiziano (ebr. Gōsen, Settanta Γέσαι) nella quale si insediò la famiglia di Giacobbe invitata in Egitto da Giuseppe (Gen. 45, 10; 46, 34; 47, 1. 27). Nella « terra di G. » gli immigrati si dedicarono alla pastorizia, crescendo di numero ed espandendosi nelle regioni adiacenti.
MOSÈ (MŌŠEH, ΜΩ[Θ]ΣΗ͂Σ, VOLG. MOYSES, ANTICA LATINA MOSES)
… L'Israele mosaico non era semplicemente nomade: dell'agricoltura si parla già a proposito dei Patriarchi (Gen. 26, 12; 27, 7 ecc.); anche in Egitto oltre che pecore e capre gli Ebrei avevano bovini (ibid. 45, 10; Ex. 19, 9, 24) e lavoravano la terra (Deut. 11, 10). Che le prescrizioni restassero molto lontano dalla pratica mostra che si tratta veramente di un codice programmatico, si può anche …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.