CONSTANTINE THE AFRICAN. — Carthaginian Benedictine, converted from Islam, translator of Arabic and Greek works, d. 1087. For 39 years he traveled through the East and Egypt. In 1060 he went to Salerno, from where he proceeded to Montecassino and there professed the Benedictine rule.
Here, according to Wüstenfeld, is the list of his translations: *Liber completus artis medicinae qui dicitur regalis dispositio* or *Panteghi* by ‘Alī Ibn ‘Abbās (d. 994); *Viaticum* by Abū Gā’far Aḥmad Ibn al-Gazzār (d. 1004); *Liber divisionum* and *Liber experimentorum* by the Arab al-Rāzī (d. 923); *Liber diaetarum universalium et particularium*, *Liber urinarium*, *Liber febrium*, *Liber de gradibus* by Isḥāq Isrā’īlī. Finally, some works by Hippocrates and Galen. Constantine’s translations exerted notable influence on the School of Salerno and later on that of Chartres, and for many scholars they were almost the sole manuals of anatomy and physiology. These versions introduced into the West the study of the physiological concomitants of knowledge. His works were published in Lyon in 1515 and in Basel in 1539.