GLAIRE, JEAN-BAPTISTE. - French orientalist, b. at Bordeaux on 1 Apr. 1798, d. at Issy (Seine) on 25 Feb. 1879. In Paris G. studied theology at S. Sulpizio and Oriental languages at the University under De Sacy. Ordained a priest in 1822, G. began teaching Hebrew at the Seminary of S. Sulpizio. In 1831 he moved to the Sorbonne, where he continued teaching until 1851.
He composed grammatical and exegetical works. The work that won the greatest approval was La Ste Bible selon la Vulgate (4 vols., Paris 1871-73); in 1889-90 F. Vigouroux edited its 3rd edition. Also widely circulated was the Introduction historique et critique aux livres de l'Ancien et du Nouveau Testament (6 vols., Paris 1836; Italian trans., Naples 1843-47), of which an Abrégé appeared in 1846 (2 vols., Paris). Other works were: La Ste Bible en latin et en français (3 vols., ibid. 1834); Toroth Mosché, Le Pentateuque avec traduction et notes (2 vols., ibid. 1835-37); Les livres saints vengés (2 vols., ibid. 1845); Archeologia biblica (Italian trans. by G. E. Richetti, 2 vols., Turin 1850); Lexicon manuale Hebraicum et Chaldaicum (Paris 1850); Principes de grammaire hébraïque et chaldaïque (ibid. 1852); Principes de grammaire arabe (ibid. 1861); Manuel de l'hébraïant (ibid. 1850). Together with Th. Walsh he edited the Encyclopédie catholique (20 vols., 1838 ff.).