Ammonites fighting against Iabes Galaad, and the citie readie to yelde, 5. Saul gathereth an armie, 11. ouerthroweth the enimie, 14. and is established King.
1And it came to pass about a month after this, that Naas, the Ammonite, came up, and began to fight against Jabes Galaad. And all the men of Jabes said to Naas: Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.E avvenne, che circa un mese dopo si mosse Naas Ammonite, e principiò ad assediare Jabes di Galaad. E tutti gli uomini di Jabes dissero a Naas: Prendici in confederazione, e sarem tuoi servi.AND it came to passe as it were a moneth after, Naas the Ammonite ascended, and began to fight against Iabes of Galaad. And al the men of Iabes sayd to Naas: Make a league with vs, and we wil serue thee.Et factum est quasi post mensem, ascendit Naas Ammonites, et pugnare cœpit adversum Jabes Galaad. Dixeruntque omnes viri Jabes ad Naas: Habeto nos fœderatos, et serviemus tibi. 2And Naas, the Ammonite, answered them: On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may pluck out all your right eyes, and make you a reproach in all Israel.Ma Naas Ammonite rispose loro: La confederazione che io farò con voi sarà di cavarvi a tutti quanti l'occhio destro, e di rendervi l'obbrobrio di tutto Israele.And Naas the Ammonite answered them: In this wil I make a league with you, that I may plucke out the right eyes of you al, and may make you a reproch•• al Israel.Et respondit ad eos Naas Ammonites: In hoc feriam vobiscum fœdus, ut eruam omnium vestrum oculos dextros, ponamque vos opprobrium in universo Israël. 3And the ancients of Jabes said to him: Allow us seven days, that we may send messengers to all the coasts of Israel: and if there be no one to defend us, we will come out to thee.E i seniori d'Jabes gli dissero: Concedi a noi sette giorni, affinchè mandiamo nunzii per tutto Israele: e se non vi sarà chi prenda la nostra difesa, ci arrenderemo a te.And the ancientes of Iabes sayd to him: Graunt vnto vs seuen daies, that we may send messengers vnto al the coastes of Israel: and if there shal not be that may defend vs, we wil come forth to thee.Et dixerunt ad eum seniores Jabes: Concede nobis septem dies, ut mittamus nuntios ad universos terminos Israël, et si non fuerit qui defendat nos, egrediemur ad te. 4The messengers therefore came to Gabaa of Saul: and they spoke these words in the hearing of the people: and all the people lifted up their voices, and wept.Venner pertanto i messaggieri a Gabaa (patria) di Saul, e riferirono queste cose dinanzi al popolo: e tutto il popolo alzò la voce, e pianse.The messengers therefore came into Gabaa of Saul: and they spake these wordes, in the hearing of the people: and al the people lifted vp their voice, and wept.Venerunt ergo nuntii in Gabaa Saulis: et locuti sunt verba hæc, audiente populo: et levavit omnis populus vocem suam, et flevit.
5And behold Saul came, following oxen out of the field, and he said: What aileth the people that they weep? And they told him the words of the men of Jabes.Quand'ecco Saul tornava dal campo, seguendo i bovi, e disse: che ha egli il popolo che piange? E raccontarono a lui le parole degli uomini di Jabes.And behold Saul came, folowing oxen out of the field, and sayd: What ayleth the people that they weepe? And they told him the wordes of the men of Iabes.Et ecce Saul veniebat, sequens boves de agro, et ait: Quid habet populus quod plorat ? Et narraverunt ei verba virorum Jabes. 6And the Spirit of the Lord came upon Saul, when he had heard these words, and his anger was exceedingly kindled.E lo Spirito del Signore investì Saul, udite che ebbe quelle parole, e si accese di furore stragrande.And the Spirit of our Lord seased on Saul, when he had heard these wordes, and his furie was exceding wrath.Et insilivit spiritus Domini in Saul cum audisset verba hæc, et iratus est furor ejus nimis. 7And taking both the oxen, he cut them in pieces, and sent them into all the coasts of Israel, by messengers, saying: Whosoever shall not come forth, and follow Saul and Samuel, so shall it be done to his oxen. And the fear of the Lord fell upon the people, and they went out as one man.E preso l'uno e l'altro bue li mise in pezzi, e li mandò per tutte le parti d'Israele per mano dei messaggieri, dicendo: Chiunque non si moverà, e non andrà dietro a Saul, e a Samuele, saran così trattati i suoi bovi. Entrò adunque nel popolo il timor del Signore, e si mossero, come se fossero un sol uomo.And taking both the oxen, he cutte them into peeces, and sent them into al the coastes of Israel by messengers, saving: Whosoeuer shal not goe forth, and folow Saul and Samuel, so shal it be done to his oxen. Therefore the feare of our Lord inuaded the people, and they went forth as it were one man.Et assumens utrumque bovem, concidit in frustra, misitque in omnes terminos Israël per manum nuntiorum, dicens: Quicumque non exierit, et secutus fuerit Saul et Samuel, sic fiet bobus ejus. Invasit ergo timor Domini populum, et egressi sunt quasi vir unus. 8And he numbered them in Bezec: and there were of the children of Israel three hundred thousand: and of the men of Juda thirty thousand.Ed ei ne fece la rassegna a Bezech: ed erano i figliuoli d'Israele trecento mila: e gli uomini di Giuda trenta mila.And he numbered them in Bezec: and there were of the children of Israel three hundred thousand: and of the men of Iuda thirtie thousand.Et recensuit eos in Bezech: fueruntque filiorum Israël trecenta millia, virorum autem Juda triginta millia.
9And they said to the messengers that came: Thus shall you say to the men of Jabes Galaad: To morrow, when the sun shall be hot, you shall have relief. The messengers therefore came, and told the men of Jabes, and they were glad.E dissero a que' messaggieri che eran venuti: Direte così agli uomini di Jabes di Galaad: Domane, quando il sole scalderà, sarete salvi. I messaggeri adunque partirono, e portarono l'avviso a quelli di Jabes, i quali si rallegrarono,And they sayd to the messengers that came Thus shal you say to the men, that are in Iabes Galaad: To morow, when the sunne shal waxe hote, you shal haue relife. The messengers therefore came, and told the men of Iabes: Who were glad.Et dixerunt nuntiis qui venerant: Sic dicetis viris qui sunt in Jabes Galaad: Cras erit vobis salus, cum incaluerit sol. Venerunt ergo nuntii, et annuntiaverunt viris Jabes: qui lætati sunt. 10And they said: In the morning we will come out to you: and you shall do what you please with us.E dissero (a' nemici): Domattina verremo a voi, e farete di noi quello che vi parrà.And they said: In the morning we wil come forth to you: and you shal doe to vs whatsoeuer shal please you.Et dixerunt: Mane exibimus ad vos: et facietis nobis omne quod placuerit vobis. 11And it came to pass, when the morrow was come, that Saul put the people in three companies: and he came into the midst of the camp in the morning watch, and he slew the Ammonites until the day grew hot, and the rest were scattered, so that two of them were not left together.E venuto il dì seguente, Saul fece tre parti del popolo: ed entrò nel mezzo degli alloggiamenti nella vigilia del mattino, e trucidò gli Ammoniti, fino a tanto che il sole principiò a scaldare: e que' che restarono, furon dispersi in guisa che non se ne videro due insieme.And it came to passe, when the morow was come, Saul sette the people into three partes: and entered into the middes of the campe in the morning watch, and stroke Ammon vntil the day waxed hote, and the rest were dispersed, so that there were not left among them two together.Et factum est, cum dies crastinus venisset, constituit Saul populum in tres partes: et ingressus est media castra in vigilia matutina, et percussit Ammon usque dum incalesceret dies: reliqui autem dispersi sunt, ita ut non relinquerentur in eis duo pariter. 12And the people said to Samuel: Who is he that said: Shall Saul reign over us? Bring the men, and we will kill them.E il popolo disse a Samuele: Chi son coloro che hanno detto: Sarà egli nostro re Saul? Dateci costoro, e li metteremo a morte.And the people sayd to Samuel: Who is this that said: what shal Saul reigne ouer vs? Geue vs the men and we wil kil them.Et ait populus ad Samuelem: Quis est iste qui dixit: Saul num regnabit super nos ? Date viros, et interficiemus eos.
13And Saul said: No man shall be killed this day: because the Lord this day hath wrought salvation in Israel:Ma Saul disse: Non sarà messo a morte nissuno in questo giorno, perchè oggi il Signore ha salvato Israele.And Saul sayd: No man shal be killed this day, because our Lord this day hath releued Israel:Et ait Saul: Non occidetur quisquam in die hac, quia hodie fecit Dominus salutem in Israël. 14And Samuel said to the people: Come, and let us go to Galgal, and let us renew the kingdom there.E Samuele disse al popolo: Venite, andiamo a Galgala, e ivi confermiamo il regno.And Samuel said to the people: Come and let vs goe into Galgal, and let vs renewe there a kingdome.Dixit autem Samuel ad populum: Venite, et eamus in Galgala, et innovemus ibi regnum. 15And all the people went to Galgal, and there they made Saul king, before the Lord in Galgal, and they sacrificed there victims of peace before the Lord. And there Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced exceedingly.E tutto il popolo andò a Galgala, e in Galgala fecero re Saulle dinanzi al Signore, e immolarono al Signore ostie pacifiche. E Saul e tutti gli uomini d'Israele fecero ivi gran festa.And al the people went into Galgal, and there they made Saul king before our Lord in Galgal, & they immolated there pacifique victimes before our Lord. And Saul reioysed there, and al the men of Israel excedingly.Et perrexit omnis populus in Galgala, et fecerunt ibi regem Saul coram Domino in Galgala, et immolaverunt ibi victimas pacificas coram Domino. Et lætatus est ibi Saul, et cuncti viri Israël nimis.
11:1
Year of the World 2909.
Calmet
After this. So far is omitted in the Hebrew, etc., but we find it in most editions of the Septuagint and in Josephus. (Calmet)
Josephus
Fight. He had threatened an invasion before, and had perhaps (Haydock) attacked some of the tribes on the east side of the Jordan, and treated them with the same cruelty as he intended for those of Jabes, which was a city of the first consequence. (Josephus, [Antiquities?] 6:5.)
Calmet
Naas, "a serpent." There was a king of this country of the same name, in the days of David. The people had been quiet since Jephte had made such havoc among them, about ninety years before. (Judges xi.) (Calmet)
Haydock
Covenant. They were willing to pay him tribute. But it seems they had offered him some insult, which made the king resolve to punish them more severely. They make no mention of Saul, as they did not wish to let the king know of his election; (Salien) and perhaps had no great confidence in him, (Haydock) as he was not yet fully confirmed in his dignity, (Calmet) and had let a whole month pass without taking any measures for the deliverance of his country, though it was on that pretext that he was elected. (Haydock)
They considered what had passed as of no consequence, 1 Kings 12:12.
11:2
Calmet
Eyes: strange proposal! He would not render them quite blind, that he might not be deprived of their service. But he wished to render them unfit for war, (Calmet) as the buckler covers the left eye; (Josephus) and people who shoot with bow and arrow, keep it closed. (Calmet)
11:3
11:4
Salien
Of Saul. Septuagint, "to Saul," which may remove the surprise of Abulensis, that the king is not mentioned. (Salien)
Saul was absent at the time, so that they made known the threatening danger to the people.
11:5
Calmet
Field. So David fed sheep, even after he was anointed king. The ancients had very different sentiments of royalty from what we have. Their kings and great men did not esteem it beneath them to cultivate the earth. Several of them wrote on the subject. Jura dabat populis, posito modo praetor aratro, Pascebatque suas ipse Senator oves. (Ovid, Fast. I.) Many of the most eminent Roman generals were taken from the plough. (Calmet)
Cicero
Xenophon introduces the younger Cyrus, saying, "Many of these trees were planted with my own hands." (Cicero, Senect. 17.)
11:6
11:7
Oxen, with which he had been ploughing.
Haydock
Pieces. Hebrew does not say that he sent them; and Josephus intimates, that he only "hamstrung them, and sent messengers," etc. (Haydock)
Calmet
But such actions are far more impressive than words. See Judges 19:29., and Acts 21:10., etc. (Calmet)
Haydock
Samuel. Saul adds the name of the prophet, as the people had still great confidence in him, and he always acted as God's envoy. (Haydock)
Salien
Oxen. He does not threaten capital punishment, but insinuates that both duty and interest require the presence of all. (Salien)
Of the Lord; that is, a great fear: (Calmet) or, God moved the people to shew a ready obedience and reverence to their king's commands.
11:8
Calmet
Bezec, where Adonibezec had reigned, (Judges 1.; Menochius) near the place where they crossed the Jordan, a little below Scythopolis, to go to Jabes, which was about thirty miles distant. (Calmet)
Kennicott
Thousand. Josephus makes the army consist of 770,000, who were collected at Bala. Septuagint have 600,000 of Israel; and they agree with this author, in allowing also 70,000 to Juda alone. But this is a larger army than what came out of Egypt, and exceeds the limits of probability, unless all assembled, as the preceding verse seems (Haydock) to insinuate; (Menochius) and we find far greater numbers, 2 Paralipomenon 13:3, 17., if no (Haydock) error have there crept in. (Kennicott)
11:9
Hot. Josephus says, Saul "being seized with the divine spirit, ordered them to inform the citizens of Jabes, that he would come to their assistance on the third day, and rout the enemy before the sun arose." But the message of which the Scripture here speaks, (Haydock) was sent from Bezec. Saul, in effect, came upon the Ammonites unawares before it was light, gained a complete victory, (Calmet) and then pursued the fugitives till noon.
11:10
Calmet
To you, Naas, (Haydock) which they speak in irony, and that the enemy may be off his guard. (Calmet)
Worthington
We must thus deceive our passions, that we may not be blinded (Haydock) or slain by them. (St. Gregory, 5:1. in Reg.) (Worthington)
11:11
Camp. It was not then customary to throw up any fortifications, but only to place sentinels in all the avenues.
Calmet
Watch, which ended at sunrise. (Calmet)
11:12
Salien
Them. It seems there were but few discontented persons. (Salien)
Haydock
They address themselves to Samuel, who they knew had not regarded their request of a king with approbation, as if to give him a little mortification. But he makes a proposal of confirming the election with still greater solemnity, if they persevered in their resolution, (Haydock) as he intimated they might still recede, (Calmet) and be content with the former mode of government, as being far better. (Haydock)
11:15
Menochius
They made. Septuagint, "and there (again the prophet; Josephus) Samuel anointed Saul king." The same ceremonies as had been used before, except the casting lots, were here repeated, particularly the solemn anointing, (Salien) whence, in the following chapter, (ver. 3) Saul is styled the anointed. (Menochius)
Salien
The Lord. His ark was probably present, and the priest to offer victims. (Salien, the year of the world 2963.)
11:10
As the men of Iabes deluded their enimies by aequiuocation, so speaking that they were otherwise vnderstood then they ment: so the seruantes of God being tempted with concupiscence of glutoni• (signified by Naas) must deceiue their carnal appetite, by promising to satisfie the desire of the flesh, but in deede kepe such temperance, as they may kil the cōcupiscence, and not be killed by it. S. Greg. li. 5. c. 1. in 1. Reg. 11.
11:6
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 4
… iii. 3 ); Elisha leaving all ( 1 Kings xix. 21 ); Ezekiel again, made manifest by what happened thereafter. In this manner, you see, did these also leave all that they had. They learnt also what human infirmity is, by what they suffered; they learnt that it was not in vain they had done these good works. ( 1 Sam. ix. and
11:1
1. HABETO NOS FOEDERATOS, - q. d. Pange nobiscum foedus, ut vertunt Septuaginta. Chaldaeus vero, Decerne nobis pactum, et serviemus tibi; quasi dicant: Subditi et servi tui erimus, sed foederati, non bello victi et manu capti, quasi mancipia.
11:2
2. In hoc feriam vobiscum fœdus, ut eruam omnium vestrum oculos dextros, — tum ad ignominiam et opprobrium, ut sequitur; tum ut vos semicæcos et bello inutiles reddam: «Milites enim oculum sinistrum scuto tegunt, dextro vero in pugna rem gerunt.» Ita Abulensis. Tertiam causam addit Dionysius, scilicet voluisse Naas hac exoculatione Jabesitarum, terrorem sui omnibus Hebraeis incutere, ne quis deinceps similis supplicii metu, sibi rebellare auderet. Tropologice Naas hebraice idem est quod serpens, puta diabolus, «qui dextros oculos suorum eruit, quando abstinentibus a se devictis, sic per gulam praevalet, ut carnalia sola cupiant, et spiritualia, quae amare solebant, non attendant,» ait S. Gregorius, Beda et Angelomus; spiritualia enim sunt dextra, id est potiora et meliora; ideoque dextro et meliori oculo intuenda: carnalia vero sunt sinistra, id est viliora; ideoque sinistro et viliori oculo obiter aspicienda. Dextro ergo suspicimus coelum et coelestia; sinistro despicimus terram et terrestria.
11:3
3. Concede nobis septem dies, — ad petendum a cæteris Hebræis consilium et auxilium. Concessit eis hoc Naas superbus non ex pietate, sed ex animositate, ait Dionysius, æstimans neminem ausurum eis succurrere, vel sibi in prælium occurrere.
11:5
5. ET ECCE SAUL VENIEBAT SEQUENS BOVES DE AGRO. - «Veniebat, ait Hugo, sequens boves de agro; non ut custos boum, quia hoc esset inconveniens, ut rex esset bubulcus; sed casu accidit, ut cum rediret Saul de agro, boves praecederent eum in via.» Sic et Lyranus et Dionysius. Vide et mirare hic simplicitatem et modestiam primorum regum, Saulis et Davidis, ac agriculturae dignitatem et praestantiam; utpote quam olim reges et principes exercuerint. Sic Romulus, Remus, Curius, Fabricius, primique romani Senatores et Principes erant aratores et agricolae. Audi Propertium, lib. IV: Audi Philonem, in lib. De Abel et Cain: «Moses, inquit, artem pastoriam nobilem censens, ipse in hac occupatione versatus est.» Et S. Basilium: «Ne contemnas hominem cum pastorem audieris. Primus qui Deo placuit, Abel, pastor erat. Moses, ille magnus legislator, in monte Horeb pavit armenta; et per pastoritium ad Dei colloquium pervenit. Pastoritia et regni administratio quasi sorores sunt. Quare Dominus utrumque amplexus, et pastor est et rex.»
11:6
6. ET IRATUS EST FUROR EJUS NIMIS. - Acuit Saul iram justam in Naas idololatram et tyrannum tam indigna poscentem ab Israelitis; Deo et sibi quasi regi jam subditis, ut illa ipsi esset cos virtutis, cumque stimularet ad justam de eo vindictam, et subditorum defensionem; ad hoc enim opus erat animo heroico et excelso, praesertim in re tam subita, cum nullum haberet militem, et hostis tempusque angustum urgerent. Audi S. Basilium, hom. 10 De ira: «Nervus, inquit, est animae indignatio, fortitudinem constantiamque praebens ad res bene gerendas; quae animam voluptate delinitam ac lascivientem, veluti ferro quodam cohibens, austeriorem fortioremque ex molli ac remissa dedit.» Et paulo post: «Ira, inquit, velut armis utamur. Ideo Moyses omnium hominum mansuetissimus, vituli idololatriam damnans, Levitarum manus in caedem fratrum armavit. Quid Phinees justum reddidit? Nonne contra fornicantes ira, qui alioqui mitis ac mansuetus existens, protinus utrumque trucidavit; Samuel autem regem Amalec nonne justa ira in medium trahens occidit? Sic itaque fit ira saepenumero bonarum actionum administra. Elias vere Zelotes turpitudinis sacerdotes justa indignatione in totius Israel utilitatem, ut morte mulctarentur, effecit.» Quocirca S. Ambrosius, lib. I Offic. cap. xxi: «Irascimini, ait, ubi est culpa, quae irascendum commoveat; fieri enim non potest ut non indignitatem rerum moveamur; alioqui non virtus, sed remissio et negligentia judicatur.» Tropologice S. Gregorius: «Ecce, ait, Saul ut irasci nimis potuerit, prius in eum spiritus Domini insiliit. Quam metuenda sit ergo Sanctorum ira cernimus, si insilientem in eos Domini Spiritum cogitamus, si dum illos foris irascentes aspicimus, commoventem spiritum intus pariter attendamus; quoties ergo majorum zelo corrigimur, sub eorum indignatione vehementer possumus pavere, si eorum impetum motum Sancti Spiritus credimus.»
11:7
7. ET ASSUMENS UTRUMQUE BOVEM, CONCIDIT IN FRUSTA. - Imitatus est Saul exemplum Levitae, qui uxorem stupro occisam conscindens in frusta, illa per totum Israelem dispersit, itaque omnes ad stupri vindictam accendit, Judic. xix, 29. Sic novitas concisionis, novi regis minantis se idem facturum bobus ejus, qui se a bello subduxisset, omnes impulit, ad commune periculum communibus animis armisque propulsandum. Timebant enim tyrannum Naas, ne subjugatis et exoculatis Galaaditis, victoria insolescens, pergeret trans Jordanem, ibique pari caetera feritate omnes Hebraeos sub jugum mitteret et exocularet. Timebant quoque iras et minas sui regis Saulis. Timebant denique Deum vindicem, ne si regem suum ab eo constitutum desererent, ab eo in manus Naas traderentur. QUICUMQUE NON EXIERIT ET SECUTUS FUERIT SAUL ET SAMUEL, SIC FIET BOBUS EJUS. - Hinc patet Samuelem Dei monita adfuisse Sauli, et interfuisse castris et praelio, ut omnes ad illud animaret, et suis precibus meritisque, eis a Deo victoriam impetraret. Unde et ea parta vers. 12, ait populus ad Samuelem: «Quis est iste qui dixit: Saul non regnabit super nos?» Et vers. 14: «Dixit Samuel ad populum,» etc., toti ergo huic belli tam periculosi negotio interfuit, imo praefuit cum Saule Samuel, quasi judex vindexque Israelis. Nota hic: tam diu bonus fuit Saul, quamdiu Samuelem directorem secutus est; quando vero ejus monita jussaque neglexit, factus est malus et reprobus. Rursus Saul praeponit se hic Samueli, quasi rex totius Israelis, ideoque dignior; licet Samuel eo esset sanctior. SIC FIET BOBUS EJUS. - Sed cur idipsum hominibus ipsis non comminatur? Respondet R. Salomon apud Lyranum et Abulensem: «Noluit, ait, comminari poenam mortis, vel detruncationis membri, ne in principio regni sui, a magno rigore incipere videretur.» Astipulatur Dionysius: «Comminabatur, ait, Saul pecorum ablationem.»
11:8
8. FUERUNTQUE FILIORUM ISRAEL TRECENTA MILLIA, VIRORUM AUTEM JUDA TRIGINTA MILLIA. - Mendaciter Josephus, ut vires suorum Israelitarum Vespasiano et Romanis ostentet, ait ex Israele fuisse septingenta millia, ex Juda vero septuaginta. Quanquam Septuaginta hic numerent sexcenta millia Israelis, et septuaginta ex tribu Juda. Mystice, Bezech hebraice idem est quod fulgur vel egestas, quod Beda ad mysterium trahens ait: «Omnes fideles, cives æternæ patriæ, in Christo Domino numerandi et congregandi sunt, qui fulguri comparatur, Luc. XVII, 24.»
11:9
9. CRAS ERIT VOBIS SALUS. - Mirare hic prudentiam et celeritatem Saulis, qui uno die tantas copias conflavit, disposuit, magnis itineribus in hostem contendit, pugnavit, vicit, triumphavit, ut cum Julio Caesare dicere posset: «Veni, vidi, vici.» Hinc patet minus vere Josephum, et ex eo Magistrum Historiae Scholasticae pro cras, supponere, tertio die. «Credibile est, ait Dionysius, quod Samuel divina revelatione cognovit, quod Saul cum suis triumpharet.» CUM INCALUERIT SOL. — Mystice B. Petrus Damianus, lib. VI, epist. 3: «Cum, ait, mens prius per desidiam debilitata, ad se rediens, desiderio sui Conditoris iterum incalescit; cum torporem negligentiæ deserit, et flamma sancti amoris frigidam pristinæ insensibilitatis accendit; tunc, quasi incalescente sole, victoria de hoste reportatur.»
11:11
11. DISPOSUIT (divisit) SAUL POPULUM IN TRES PARTES, — ut triplici agmine et triplici statione in castra hostium ex inopinato irrumperent; itaque eos obruerent et occuparent, ne quis eorum evaderet. Mystice, B. Petrus Damianus, lib. VI Epistolarum, epist. 5: «Quid est, ait, quod populum in tres partes divisit, nisi quod tres sunt principales animæ virtutes: fides scilicet, spes et charitas? His tribus virtutibus, Christo duce, omnis diabolica tentatio vincitur.» ET INGRESSUS EST MEDIA CASTRA IN VIGILIA MATUTINA, - ut somno sopitos vel semisomnes invaderet et opprimeret. Simili stratagemate usus Josue cap. x, vers. 9, cecidit Amorrhaeum. Vide ibi dicta. ET PERCUSSIT AMMON, — puta Ammonitas. Addit Josephus ipsum eorum regem Naas fuisse occisum.
11:13
13. ET AIT SAUL: NON OCCIDETUR QUISQUAM IN DIE HAC, - quia haec dies est gaudii, victoriae et triumphi, quam non decet caede luctuque civium funestare, foedare, maculare, ait Josephus, Abulensis et Dionysius.
11:14
14. EAMUS IN GALGALA, ET INNOVEMUS REGNUM. - Elegit Samuel Galgala, tum quia hic locus erat vicinus Jordani, juxta quem commissum erat praelium, et victoria parta; tum quia Galgala locus erat celebris ob castra Josue cap. v; tum quia Samuel in Galgala populum judicare solebat. Ibi ergo fiebat conventus populi et comitia publica; in quibus proinde Samuel voluit innovare regnum Saulis, id est nova populi de tanta ejus victoria gratulatione confirmari. Unde verisimile est Samuelem hic rursum unxisse Saulem in regem, caeterisque regis insignibus eum ornasse. Hinc Josephus, lib. VI, cap. IV, asserit Saulem unctum in Maspha et in Galgala. Ter ergo unctus est Saul a Samuele: primo, secreto et privatim cap. x, vers. 1; secundo, publice in Masphat; tertio, post victoriam publice pariter in Galgala. Ita Abulensis, Sanchez, Serarius et alii. Sic et David ter fuit unctus in regem: primo, privatim in domo patris, cap. xvi, vers. 13; secundo, publice in Hebron «super tribum Juda,» II Reg. cap. II, vers. 4; tertio, cap. v, vers. 3. Ibidem «super totum Israel.»
11:15
15. ET OBTULERUNT IBI VICTIMAS PACIFICAS, - in gratiarum actionem pro pace Israeli per victoriam Saulis parta; et in postulationem, ut illa pax tam Israeli quam Sauli foret firma et constans. In nova enim tantae victoriae exsultatione ac novi regis et triumphatoris Saulis inauguratione, par erat haec sacrificia ad publicam gratulationem offerri «in Galgalis,» esto ibi non esset arca foederis, nec tabernaculum, vel altare holocaustorum.
11:1
1. Città israelita transgiordanica, detta comunemente I.-Galaad (Iudc. 21, 8. 10. 12. 41; I Sam. 11, 1. 9; 31, 11; II Sam. 2, 4. 5; 21, 12; I Par. 10, 11), talora solo I. (I Sam. 11, 3. 5. 18 ecc.).
NAAS (EBR. NĀḤĀS « SERPENTE »)
… Saul accorse e sconfisse gli Ammoniti (I Sam. 11, 1-11; 12, 12). Le relazioni di N. con David furono invece cordiali (II Sam. 10, 2; I Par. 19, 1).
11:3
1. Città israelita transgiordanica, detta comunemente I.-Galaad (Iudc. 21, 8. 10. 12. 41; I Sam. 11, 1. 9; 31, 11; II Sam. 2, 4. 5; 21, 12; I Par. 10, 11), talora solo I. (I Sam. 11, 3. 5. 18 ecc.).
11:5
… Nei libri biblici profetici e nell'Apocalisse si trovano molte visioni simboliche, azioni simboliche, numeri simbolici, ecc. Le azioni simboliche si trovano pure in diversi libri storici, p. es., quelle compiute da Samuele (I Sam. 11, 5-7), da Ionathan (ibid. 20, 20-22), dal profeta Ahia di Silo (che dividendo il mantello in dodici parti simboleggiò la divisione del Regno di Salomone: I Reg. 11, 29-39), da un figlio …
11:8
ADONIBÉZEC (EBR. « SIGNORE DI BEZEQ »: TITOLO DINASTICO PIUTTOSTO CHE NOME PROPRIO)
… « signore di Bezeq »: titolo dinastico piuttosto che nome proprio). - Re cananeo di Bezec, città identificata da taluni con l'odierna Bezhab a sud-est di Lidda, da altri con la Bezec di Saul (I Sam. 11, 8), forse Hirbet Ibziq tra Naplusa e Beisan. …
11:11
AMMONITI. - Popolo (ebr. Βέηδ-Αμμάνι « figli di Ammon », due volte [I Sam. 11,11; Ps. 83 ebr., 8] solo 'Αμμάνι, aggettivo gentilizio 'αμμάνι; Settanta υἱοὶ 'Αμμὼν' e 'Αμμάνι; Num. 21, 24. 'Αμμάνιται; assir. …
ARCA (DELL'ALLEANZA), ARCA DELLA TESTIMONIANZA
… seguì gli Israeliti nel deserto, poi fu in Silo fino a Samuele (Ios. 18, 1.8-10; Iudc. 20, 18. 27; 21, 2. 19; I Sam. 1, 3. 21. 24; 2, 14); da Silo veniva portata come pegno di protezione divina nella battaglia (Iudc. 20, 18 (ebr.). 28; II Sam. 4, 3; I Sam. 11, 11). Catturata dai Filistei, per le sventure che pro-
11:15
GALGAL, GALGALA (EBR. HAG-GILGÂL «IL CERCHIO»)
… Samuele ogni anno, nelle grandi adunanze, ne visitava il santuario (I Sam. 6, 16); Saul vi fu proclamato re e vi perse poi il regno e la discendenza (I Sam. 10, 8; 11, 15; 13, 5; 15, 12). David vi fu accolto festosamente dalla tribù di Giuda nel ritorno dalla fuga in Transgiordania (II Sam. 19, 16). Divenuto poi G. un centro d'idolatria, come il santuario …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.