AMITERNO

AMITERNO - Ricostruzione dell’altare dedicato al martire s. Vittorino con iscrizione dedicatoria (fine sec. v).
AMITERNO - Ricostruzione dell’altare dedicato al martire s. Vittorino con iscrizione dedicatoria (fine sec. v).

The 3rd and 4th centuries. The Hieronymian Martyrology recalls him on July 24. A late (and scarcely reliable) Life of SS. Victorinus and Severinus (BHL, 7659-60) led some, such as F. Ughelli and P. Gams, to include St. Vittorino in the episcopal list of Amiterno, but erroneously. The diocese of A. lasted until the Lombard conquest, and the Acta Cethei episcopi amiternini (BHL, 1730-31), the last bishop of this see (6th-7th century), recount that he was massacred by the Lombards under the pretext of collusion with the Byzantines.

Bibl.: L. Duchesne, Les évêchés d’Italie et l’invasion lombarde, in Mélanges d’archéologie et d’histoire, 23 (1903), p. 98; Lanzoni, pp. 359-63.

THE CATACOMB OF A. - In a hill outside the ancient city, the early Christians excavated that catacomb where their martyr St. Vittorino was also buried. It now lies beneath the church of S. Michele, formerly dedicated to the saintly martyr. Only a few galleries and some cubicula remain, deeply altered in their original structure by later restoration work. In the floor of one of these is set a sepulchral slab, on which is carved a fine scene of the introduction of a deceased person before Christ the Judge by the intercession of a saintly mediator. In another, which must have been the original burial place of the martyr, there is an altar, on whose mensa is the votive inscription: iubente deo Christo nostro, sancto martyri Victorino Quodvultdeus epis(copus) de suo fecit. The bishop is depicted in the corner, prostrate in an act of veneration. Traces of medieval rebuilding and paintings are evident in other crypts. Especially the upper church of S. Michele still bears in its apse a large 12th-century fresco representing the Saviour between the archangels, St. Vittorino, and other saints. Among the ruins of ancient Amiterno, a leaden reliquary chapel has also been discovered, with very simple ornamentation (cross and palm) from the 4th-5th century.

Bibl.: G. Marangoni, Acta s. Victorini illustrata, Rome 1740; M. Armellini, Gli antichi cimiteri d'Italia, Rome 1893, pp. 687-91; A. Bevignani, in Nuovo Bull. di archeologia cristiana, 9 (1903), pp. 187-93.