CASTULO, Saint. - He is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on January 12 and March 26. A marginal note added to the De locis sanctis martyrum says that between the Via Prenestina and the Via Casilina there existed the church of Sts. Stratonicus and C., whose bodies lay underground. In the Tours sylloge there is a votive poem to C. The accounts of C.'s martyrdom come from the legendary Passio of St. Sebastian, whose author claims to know that C. was a cubicularius of Diocletian and kept Christians in his dwelling on the Palatine: but, betrayed by a certain Torquatus, he was said to have been thrown into a pit on the Via Labicana and buried alive under a mass of sand.
The cemetery was rediscovered near the aqueducts in 1672, visited by Fabretti, mentioned by Mabillon, and emptied especially in the time of Boldetti, who declares it very abundant (cf. Osservazioni sopra i cimiteri dei ss. Martiri, Rome 1720, p. 563). Many of its galleries were destroyed during the construction of the Rome-Civitavecchia railway in 1864, but De Rossi observes that they were not intact. The bombing of August 1943 brought to light again some cemetery galleries on the edge of the railway, but in very poor condition and all devastated.
Of the archaeological material coming from the cemetery, the inscription naming the martyr domnu Castulu, the catibabicu secundu and the scala is considered spurious, an epigraph reproduced in all the manuals; an inscription coming from the surface layer offers the date of the year 527; some fragments of a Christian sarcophagus were published in 1908 by Bartoli.
Bibliography10 worksMartyr. Hieronymianum, pp. 38, 162; Acta SS. Martii, III, ed. Paris 1865, pp. 610-12; R. Fabretti, Inscriptionum antiquarum quae in aedibus
BIBL.: Martyr. Hieronymianum, pp. 38, 162; Acta SS. Martii, III, ed. Paris 1865, pp. 610-12; R. Fabretti, Inscriptionum antiquarum quae in aedibus paternis asservantur explicatio, Rome 1699, p. 556; J. Mabillon, Museum Italicum, I, Paris 1724, p. 133 ff.; G. B. De Rossi, in Bull. di arch. cristiana, 3 (1864), p. 80; 4 (1865), p. 9 ff.; M. Armellini, Gli antichi cimiteri cristiani di Roma e d'Italia, Rome 1805, pp. 323-27; O. Jozzi, Il cimitero di S. Castolo M. sulla via Labicana, Rome 1904 (of little value); O. Marucchi, Le catacombe romane, ed. E. Josi, Rome 1933, pp. 310-11; A. Bartoli, Frammenti di sarcofago cristiano rinvenuti a S. C., in Nuovo bull. di arch. crist., 14 (1908), pp. 127-30.
Amore, Agostino. “Castulo, santo.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. III, coll. 1057–1058. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1949. https://azioneromana.com/article/castulo-santo.
MLA
Amore, Agostino. “Castulo, santo.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. III, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1949, coll. 1057–1058. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/castulo-santo.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec3_castulo_santo,
author = {Amore, Agostino},
title = {Castulo, santo},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {III},
pages = {1057--1058},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1949},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/castulo-santo}
}
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