Machine translation of the 1948–1954 Italian original. The original text is authoritative.
**GIRARD, GRÉGOIRE – Contemporary Portrait – Fribourg, Convent of the Conventual Fathers.**
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He left the office of archdeacon to dedicate himself solely to literary activity.
In addition to the aforementioned works on Ireland and the *Itinerarium Cambriae*, mention should be made of his juridical work *Dialogus* or *Distinctiones VII de iure et statu Manevensis Ecclesiae*, written in 1199 during the controversy aroused by his second election as bishop. Among the many other works he wrote, of which he himself provided a catalogue (*De libris a se scriptis catalogus brevior*, ed. J. S. Brewer, I, London, pp. 421-23), are: *Gemma ecclesiastica* (a kind of Summa of moral discipline); *Speculum Ecclesiae sive de monasticis ordinibus et ecclesiasticis religionibus*; *Distinctiones IV* (describing, with exaggeration, the corruption of ecclesiastics of the time); *Libri de rebus a se gestis* (1204-1205); *Vitae episcoporum Lincolniensium*; *Vitae sex episcoporum coaetaneorum*, etc. Although full of erudition, G.’s writings often inspire little confidence due to the bias that animates them.
Bibl.: *The Works of G. C.*, ed. J. S. Brewer, J. F. Dimock, G. F. Warner, with learned introductions, 8 vols., London 1861-63; G. Lunch, *Cambrensis eversus sive potius historica fides in rebus Hibernicis Giraldo Cambrensi abrogata*, ed. M. Kelly, 3 vols., Dublin 1848-52; T. R. Lounsbury, *Life of G. C.* in *New England*, 37 (1878), p. 717 ff.; 38 (1879), p. 50 ff.; 39 (1880), p. 70 ff.; A. Joly, *Etudes anglo-normandes. Gérald le Gallois*, in *Mem. acad. scien. Caen.*, Caen 1888, pp. 117-80; J. Lefevre, *Un brouillon du XIIIe siècle*, in *Etudes sur quelques inédits de Giraud de Barri*, in *Mélanges d’Archéol. et d’Hist.*, 58 (1941-46), pp. 145-178; A. Boutemy, *Giraud de Barri et Pierre le Chantre*, in *Rev. du moyen âge latin*, 2 (1946), pp. 45-62; C. H. Williams, *Giraldis Cambrensis and Wale*, in *Journ. of hist. Society of the Church of Wale*, 1 (1947), pp. 6-14; I. P. Shaw, *Giraldis C. and the primacy of Canterbury*, in *Church quarterly Review*, 148 (1949), pp. 82-101.
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**GIRARD, GRÉGOIRE** – Born Giovanni Battista, a great Swiss pedagogue of the Conventual Franciscans, b. at Fribourg on 17 Dec. 1765, d. there on 6 March 1850. Ordained priest at Fribourg in 1788, he devoted the early years of his ministry to teaching in the Order’s colleges at Überlingen
(Girard, Grégoire – Contemporary Portrait – Fribourg, Convent of the Conventual Fathers.)
BIBL.: A. Daquet, *Le p. G. et son temps*, 2 vols., Paris 1896; L. Forte, *P. G.*, with an appendix on “giardismo” in Italy, Casalbordino 1908; L. Sudan, *L'école primaire fribourgeoise sous la Restauration*, Paris 1934; L. Veuthey, *Un grand éducateur: le p. G.*, ibid. 1934; id., *G.*, Brescia 1946; id., *Il p. Gregorio G. O.F.M. Conv. educatore e pedagogista*, in *Miscellanea Francescana*, 50 (1950), pp. 195-212; C. Both, *L'éducation par la langue maternelle selon le p. G.*, Fribourg 1941. Alfonso Pompei
