Also known as:
Italian: Gherardo Caccianemici, Gerardo Caccianemici
LUCIUS II, Pope. - Gherardo Caccianemici, b. at Bologna, d. at Rome on 15 February 1145. A regular canon, created cardinal by Honorius II, he was his legate to the Diet of Mainz (Aug. 1125), where Lothair of Supplinburg was elected emperor. He restored and embellished the church of S. Croce, which was his titular church. By Innocent II he was named chancellor of the Roman Church. Elected as successor to Celestine II, he was consecrated on 12 March 1144 with the name L. II. In the few months of his pontificate he had to struggle with the rebellious Roman citizenry, which, in its aim of expanding its power, had renewed the Senate, placing at its head a patrician in the person of Giordano Pierleoni, brother of the deceased antipope Anacletus II, with the authority of prince in the city.
The Pope, in order to recover power, succeeded, overcoming various difficulties, in establishing an understanding with the NormanRoger II, king of Sicily, and also turned to Conrad of Hohenstaufen for aid, which was not granted. Then, with the forces that remained loyal to him and the reinforcements obtained from the King of Sicily and the feudatories of Latium, he attacked at the beginning of 1145 the Capitoline Hill, the stronghold of his enemies. But the assault was repelled and the Pope died shortly afterward in the monastery of S. Gregorio al Celio, as a consequence (it seems) of a stone struck received during the conflict.
L. confirmed in the Roman Synod of May 1144 the metropolitan authority of the see of Tours, against the bishop of Dol; and recognized the primatial dignity of the archbishop of Toledo over Spain and Portugal. He accepted the homage of King Alfonso Henriques, who declared Portugal a vassal of the Holy See, binding himself to a tribute.
Bibliography6 worksLettere e decreti (PL 179, 819-38). Lib. Pont., II, pp. 385-449; J. M. Watterich, Romanorum Pontificum vitae, II, Leipzig 1862, pp. 278-81;
BIBL.: Lettere e decreti (PL 179, 819-38). Lib. Pont., II, pp. 385-449; J. M. Watterich, Romanorum Pontificum vitae, II, Leipzig 1862, pp. 278-81; F. Gregorovius, Storia della città di Roma nel medioevo, edited by L. Trompeo, VII, Rome 1940, pp. 160-64; P. Fedele, Per la storia del Senato romano nel sec. XII, in Archivio della Società romana di storia patria, 34 (1911), pp. 351-62; U. Balzani, Italia, Papato e Impero nella prima metà del sec. XII, Messina 1930; P. Brezzi, Roma e l'Impero medievale (774-1252), Bologna 1947, p. 321 ff.
Majarelli, Stanislao. “Lucio II, papa.” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. VII, col. 1633. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1951. https://azioneromana.com/article/lucio-ii-papa.
MLA
Majarelli, Stanislao. “Lucio II, papa.” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. VII, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1951, col. 1633. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/lucio-ii-papa.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec7_lucio_ii_papa,
author = {Majarelli, Stanislao},
title = {Lucio II, papa},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {VII},
pages = {1633},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1951},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/lucio-ii-papa}
}
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