MERNEPTAH (« The Beloved of Ptah »). - Pharaoh of the XIX dynasty, also known as Meneptah or Mineptah, son and successor of Ramesses (Ramses) II, he reigned, according to the various chronologies, from 1234 to 1214, or from 1226 to 1206, or from 1244 to 1224; he fought against rebellious Southern Syria, against the Libyans and against Nubia.
Four important inscriptions were discovered bearing the name of this king: the great inscription of Karnak, the Cairo column, the stele of Athribis and the so-called "Hymn of victory," discovered at Thebes near the colossi of Memnon (P. Lacau, in Cat. génér. des Antiquités du Caire, Le Caire 1909, n. 34025 verso), which celebrates among other things the submission of Gezer, of Palestine and the destruction of Israel (l-s-r-r).
A long tradition, going back to Champollion Figeac, to Lepsius, to Brugsch, to Mariette and to Maspero, and which still has convinced followers, makes him the Pharaoh of the Exodus (Ex. 1, 14), not without opposition (v. EGITTO).
M.'s tomb was at Bibân el-mulûk (Thebes), the funerary temple near the Ramesseum; the coffin is now in the Cairo Museum.
Bibliography9 worksH. Gauthier, Le livre des rois d'Egypte, III, Cairo 1914, pp. 113-26; K. Miketta, Der Pharao des Auszuges, in Biblische Studien, 8 (1903), n
BIBL.: H. Gauthier, Le livre des rois d'Egypte, III, Cairo 1914, pp. 113-26; K. Miketta, Der Pharao des Auszuges, in Biblische Studien, 8 (1903), n. 2; B. Gunn - A. H. Gardiner, in Journ. eg. archaeology, 5 (1918), p. 36 ff.; A. Mallon, Les Hébreux en Egypte, Roma 1921; J. H. Breasted, Histoire d'Egypte, trad. franc., II, Bruxelles 1926, p. 487; id., Ancient records of Egypt, III, Chicago 1927, pp. 238-73; P. Bovier La Pierre, Précis de l'histoire d'Egypte, I, Parigi 1932, p. 162 ff.; E. Drioton - J. Vandier, L'Egypte, ivi 1946, pp. 364, 414 ff.; P. Gilbert, Esquisse d'une histoire de l'Egypte ancienne et de sa culture, Bruxelles 1949, p. 71 ff.
Calderini, Aristide. “Merneptah (« L'Amato da Ptah »).” In Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. VIII, col. 732. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1952. https://azioneromana.com/article/merneptah-l-amato-da-ptah.
MLA
Calderini, Aristide. “Merneptah (« L'Amato da Ptah »).” Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. VIII, Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico, 1952, col. 732. Azione Romana, https://azioneromana.com/article/merneptah-l-amato-da-ptah.
BibTeX
@incollection{ec8_merneptah_l_amato_da_ptah,
author = {Calderini, Aristide},
title = {Merneptah (« L'Amato da Ptah »)},
booktitle = {Enciclopedia Cattolica},
volume = {VIII},
pages = {732},
note = {Cited by column},
publisher = {Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cattolico},
address = {Città del Vaticano},
year = {1952},
url = {https://azioneromana.com/article/merneptah-l-amato-da-ptah}
}
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