HAYNALD, LUDWIG. — Cardinal, b. 3 Oct. 1816 at Szécsény (archdiocese of Strigonia), d. 4 July 1891 at Kalocsa. A scion of a noble family, after completing his studies in theology and law at Pest and Vienna, he was ordained priest in 1839. Initially professor of ecclesiastical law and history at the higher school of theology at Esztergom (Strigonia), in 1846 he became secretary to Archbishop Kopaczy. In 1849 he was compelled to withdraw to his father’s house at Szécsény rather than approve the declaration of independence decreed by the Diet of Debrecen.
In 1851 Francis Joseph named H. coadjutor to the bishop of Transylvania. Bishop of Hebron in partibus, he succeeded by coadjutorship Bishop Kovács of Transylvania. In Transylvania he contributed greatly to the creation of new Catholic institutions and to the restoration of those that had been destroyed, and he took a lively interest in the education, both elementary and higher, of the population. H. vigorously opposed the October 1860 diploma, which severed the union of Transylvania with Hungary.
This opposition by the bishop to the new constitutional act provoked the reaction of the court of Vienna, which forced H. to resign his see. Welcomed by Pius IX in Rome, H. was promoted in 1864 to the titular archiepiscopal see of Carthage and on 17 May 1867 was transferred to the archbishopric of Kalocsa and Bács, which he administered until his death. At the Vatican Council he was among the anti-infallibilists. At the consistory of 12 May 1879 Leo XIII created H. cardinal with the title of S. Maria degli Angeli.