HAYNALD, LUDWIG. — Cardinal, born 3 October 1816 at Szécsény (archdiocese of Strigonia), died 4 July 1891 at Kalocza. Descended from a noble family, after completing his studies in theology and law at Pest and Vienna, he was ordained a priest in 1839. Initially professor of canon law and history at the Higher School of Theology in Esztergom (Strigonia), in 1846 he became secretary to Archbishop Kopaczy. In 1849 he was forced to withdraw to his family home in Szécsény because he had refused to approve the declaration of independence passed by the Diet of Debrecen.
In 1851 Franz Joseph appointed H. coadjutor to the bishop of Transylvania. Bishop of Hebron in partibus, he succeeded Bishop Kovacs of Transylvania as coadjutor. In Transylvania he contributed greatly to the establishment of new Catholic institutions and the restoration of neglected ones, and took a keen interest in both the elementary and higher education of the population. H. vigorously opposed the October diploma of 1860, which dissolved the union of Transylvania with Hungary.
This opposition by the bishop to the new constitutional act provoked a reaction from the court of Vienna, which forced H. to resign the bishopric. Received by Pius IX in Rome, H. was promoted to the archiepiscopal see of Carthage in partibus in 1864 and was transferred on 17 May 1867 to the archbishopric of Kalocza and Bacs, which he administered until his death. At the First Vatican Council he was among the anti-infallibilists. In the Consistory of 12 May 1879 Leo XIII created H. a cardinal with the title of S. Maria degli Angeli.