Dauid going with the Philistijms towards the warre, 4. the princes vrge and force the king to send him back.
1Now all the troops of the Philistines were gathered together to Aphec: and Israel also encamped by the fountain, which is in Jezrahel.Or tutte quante le schiere de' Filistei si unirono insieme in Aphec: e Israele pose il campo presso alla fontana, che era a Jezrahel.THEREFORE al the companies of the Philistijms were gathered together into Aphec: and Israel also camped vpon the fountaine, which was in Iezrahel.Congregata sunt ergo Philisthiim universa agmina in Aphec: sed et Israël castrametatus est super fontem qui erat in Jezrahel. 2And the lords of the Philistines marched with their hundreds and their thousands: but David and his men were in the rear with Achis.E i satrapi de' Filistei andavano colle loro squadre di cento, e mille uomini: ma David, e la sua gente erano nella retroguardia con Achis.And the princes in dede of the Philistijms marched in hundreds and thousandes: but Dauid and his men were in the last companie with Achis.Et satrapæ quidem Philisthiim incedebant in centuriis et millibus: David autem et viri ejus erant in novissimo agmine cum Achis. 3And the princes of the Philistines said to Achis: What mean these Hebrews? And Achis said to the princes of the Philistines: Do you not know David who was the servant of Saul, the king of Israel, and hath been with me many days, or years, and I have found no fault in him, since the day that he fled over to me until this day?E i principi de' Filistei dissero ad Achis: Che fan qui questi Ebrei? E Achis disse a' principi de' Filistei: Non conoscete voi David, il quale era servo di Saul re d'Israele, e sta presso di me da molti dì, o piuttosto anni, e non ho avuto da dolermi di lui dal giorno, in cui si rifuggì presso di me sino a quest'ora?And the princes of the Philistijms sayd to Achis: What meane these Hebrewes? And Achis sayd to the princes of the Philistijms: Doe you not knowe Dauid, which was the seruant of Saul the king of Israel, and is with me manie daies, or yeares, and I haue not found any thing in him, since the day that he fled to me, vntil this day?Dixeruntque principes Philisthiim ad Achis: Quid sibi volunt Hebræi isti ? Et ait Achis ad principes Philisthiim: Num ignoratis David, qui fuit servus Saul regis Israël, et est apud me multis diebus, vel annis, et non inveni in eo quidquam ex die qua transfugit ad me usque ad diem hanc ? 4But the princes of the Philistines were angry with him, and they said to him: Let this man return, and abide in his place, which thou hast appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest he be an adversary to us, when we shall begin to fight: for how can he otherwise appease his master, but with our heads?Ma i principi de' Filistei si sdegnarono contro di lui, e gli dissero: Torni addietro costui, e se ne stia nel luogo da te assegnatogli, e non venga con noi alla battaglia, affinchè non ci si rivolti contro quando avrem cominciata la zuffa: imperocché come potrebb'egli altrimenti racquistar la grazia del signor suo se non a spese delle nostre teste?But the princes of the Philistijms were angrie against him, and sayd to him: Let this man returne, and abide in his place, wherein thou hast appointed him, and let him not goe downe with vs into battel, lest he become an aduersarie to vs, when we shal beginne to fight: for how can he otherwise pacifie his lord, but in our heades?Irati sunt autem adversus eum principes Philisthiim, et dixerunt ei: Revertatur vir iste, et sedeat in loco suo in quo constituisti eum, et non descendat nobiscum in prælium, ne fiat nobis adversarius, cum præliari cœperimus: quomodo enim aliter poterit placare dominum suum, nisi in capitibus nostris ?
5Is not this David, to whom they sung in their dances, saying: Saul slew his thousands, and David his ten thousands?Non è egli costui quel Davidde, di cui cantavasi in mezzo alle danze: Saul ne ha uccisi mille, e David dieci mila?Is not this Dauid, to whom they sang in dances, saying: Saul hath strooke his thousandes, & Dauid his ten thousandes?Nonne iste est David, cui cantabant in choris, dicentes: Percussit Saul in millibus suis, / et David in decem millibus suis ? 6Then Achis called David, and said to him: As the Lord liveth, thou art upright and good in my sight: and so is thy going out, and thy coming in with me in the army: and I have not found any evil in thee, since the day that thou camest to me unto this day: but thou pleasest not the lords.Achis pertanto chiamò a se David, e gli disse: Viva il Signore: Tu se' uomo retto, e dabbene negli occhi miei: e tu andavi, e venivi nel mio campo senza che io abbia trovato in te alcun difetto dal giorno, in cui venisti a me sino a questo giorno: ma i satrapi non ti gradiscono.Achis therefore called Dauid, and sayd to him: The Lord liueth, thou art iust, and good in my sight: and thy going out, & thy coming in is with me in the campe: and I haue not found in thee anie euil, since the day that thou camest to me vntil this day: but thou pleasest not the nobles.Vocavit ergo Achis David, et ait ei: Vivit Dominus, quia rectus es tu, et bonus in conspectu meo: et exitus tuus, et introitus tuus mecum est in castris: et non inveni in te quidquam mali ex die qua venisti ad me usque in diem hanc: sed satrapis non places. 7Return therefore, and go in peace, and offend not the eyes of the princes of the Philistines.Torna adunque indietro, e vattene in pace, e non disgustare i satrapi dei Filistei.Returne therefore, and goe in peace, and offend not the eies of the princes of the Philistijms.Revertere ergo, et vade in pace, et non offendas oculos satraparum Philisthiim. 8And David said to Achis: But what have I done, or what hast thou found in me thy servant, from the day that I have been in thy sight until this day, that I may not go and fight against the enemies of my lord the king?E David disse ad Achis: ma e che ho fatt'io, e che hai tu trovato in me tuo servo dal giorno ch'io mi presentai al tuo cospetto sino a questo dì, onde non debba venire, e non debba combattere contro i nemici del re signor mio?And Dauid sayd to Achis: For what haue I done, and what hast thou found in me thy seruant, since the day that I haue beene in thy sight, vntil this day, that I may not come, and fight against the enemies of my lord the King?Dixitque David ad Achis: Quid enim feci, et quid invenisti in me servo tuo, a die qua fui in conspectu tuo usque in diem hanc, ut non veniam et pugnem contra inimicos domini mei regis ?
9And Achis answering, said to David: I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God: But the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle.Ma Achis rispose, e disse a David: Io confesso, che tu sei buono negli occhi miei, come un Angelo di Dio: ma i satrapi de' Filistei hanno detto: Egli non verrà con noi alla battaglia.And Achis answering spake to Dauid: I know that thou art good in my sight, as an Angel of God: but the princes of the Philistijms haue sayd: He shal not goe vp with vs into battel.Respondens autem Achis, locutus est ad David: Scio quia bonus es tu in oculis meis, sicut angelus Dei: sed principes Philisthinorum dixerunt: Non ascendet nobiscum in prælium. 10Therefore arise in the morning, thou, and the servants of thy lord, who came with thee: and when you are up before day, and it shall begin to be light, go on your way.Per la qual cosa ai calici i buon'or a tu, ed i servi del tuo signore, che son venuti con te: e alzati che sarete prima che finisca la notte, andatevene, quando comincerà a schiarirsi il giorno.Therefore arise in the morning, thou, and the seruantes of thy lord, which came with thee: and when you are risen in the night, and it shal beginne to waxe light, goe foreward.Igitur consurge mane tu, et servi domini tui qui venerunt tecum: et cum de nocte surrexeritis, et cœperit dilucescere, pergite. 11So David and his men arose in the night, that they might set forward in the morning, and returned to the land of the Philistines: and the Philistines went up to Jezrahel.David pertanto si levò che era ancor notte, colla sua gente per partire al mattino, e tornare nel paese de' Filistei: e i Filistei andarono a Jezrahel.Dauid therefore arose in the night, he and his men, that they might sette foreward in the morning, and returne to the land of the Philistijms: and the Philistijms went vp into Iezrahel.Surrexit itaque de nocte David, ipse et viri ejus, ut proficiscerentur mane, et reverterentur ad terram Philisthiim: Philisthiim autem ascenderunt in Jezrahel.
29:1
Year of the World 2947.
Calmet
Aphec. Hence they proceeded to Sunam, and attacked Saul, near the fountain, which were all places in the vale of Jezrahel. The sacred writer thus leaves the two armies ready to engage, being intent on giving the particulars of David's history, and only relating the affairs of Saul, etc., in as much as they may refer to him. (Calmet)
Salien
David had retired from the army of the Philistines before Saul went to Endor, and some of the tribe of Manasses went after him, and were present in the battle, in which the Amalecites were slain and plundered, 1 Paralipomenon 12:19. (Salien)
29:2
Thousands, making the troops pass in review, as the Hebrew insinuates. Their army seems to have been divided, in the same manner as that of the Israelites, each company of 10, 50, etc., having its respective officer, under the five lords.
Calmet
Were. Hebrew, "passed." David's band was connected with the troops of Achis, yet so that they might be easily distinguished by their dress, etc. (Calmet)
Menochius
The Roman Triarii, who were esteemed the bravest soldiers, occupied the rear. (Menochius)
29:3
Haydock
Know David. It seems they were not unacquainted with him, since they knew that Achis had given him a place, (ver. 4,) or city. (Haydock)
Calmet
But they prudently judged that it would be very hazardous to employ him on this occasion. Providence thus brought him honourably out of the scrape, as he could not have remained even inactive, among the troops of the Philistines, without rendering himself suspected both to them and to his own people. (Calmet)
Menochius
Years. Abulensis thinks that Achis told an untruth, to persuade the lords that he had been long witness of David's fidelity. He might also allude to the first time, when he came to his court, or the four months specified [in] 1 Kings 27:9, might fall into different years. Septuagint, "he has been with us days, this is the second year." (Menochius)
Calmet
Syriac, "two years (Arabic, "one year," and some months." (Calmet)
Worthington
The true term was only four months. (Worthington)
29:4
Calmet
Adversary. Hebrew Satan, "a calumniator, enemy," etc. (Calmet)
Tacitus (Hist. iv.) speaking of the Batavian corps, says, "which, being bribed, pretended to be faithful, that it might flee, and become more acceptable after it had betrayed the Romans in the heat of the engagement."
29:6
Haydock
Lord. Hebrew Jehova. (Haydock)
Salien
Achis speaks of the true God, as David was accustomed to do. (Salien)
Perhaps he adored him, like his other gods; as the Israelites are accused of swearing by the Lord and by Melchom, Sophonias 1:5.
Calmet
The pagans often appealed to the gods of those with whom they were treating. (Calmet)
29:8
Menochius
King. He speaks thus that he might not increase the suspicions of the Philistines. (Menochius)
Salien
In the mean time, God called him to fight against Amalec, and to defend his own property, which was actually, or the next day, taken from Siceleg; (Haydock) so that nothing could have been more desirable to him, than to be thus dismissed with applause. (Salien)
29:9
29:10
Haydock
Thy Lord. He may allude to Saul, (ver. 3,) or to himself, (chap. 5:8,) or to God, as David was under obligations to all three. (Haydock)
Menochius
Light, that none might know or be dejected, in the rest of the army. (Menochius)
29:3
He speaketh by amplification to make his fact seme more reasonable: whereas the time of Dauids abode with him was but foute monethes. ch. 27. v. 7.
29:3
3. ET EST APUD ME MULTIS DIEBUS VEL ANNIS. — Hebraice, jam diebus vel jam annis, hoc est dies aliquot, imo vero annos aliquot. Unde Lyranus, Pagninus et Novatores putant Davidem pluribus annis mansisse apud Achis. Favent Septuaginta, qui vertunt, mansit apud nos dies, plurimos scilicet, hic quippe secundus annus est. Secundo, Vatablus et R. David sic exponunt: Fuit apud me multis diebus, id est quatuor mensibus, quibus aeque mihi notus est, ac si plures annos apud me mansisset. Tertio, Sanchez censet Achis hic esse mentitum, ad fidem faciendam Philisteis: idque probabile censet Abulensis et Torniellus. Quarto, planius Salianus respondet Achis respexisse ad primam commorationem David, quae ante annos sex apud ipsum inchoata fuerat, ut dictum est cap. xxvii, aut certe computasse finem anni elapsi quo ad se venerat David, et initium anni sequentis sive currentis, quo adhuc secum manebat.
29:4
4. REVERTATUR VIR ISTE. — Nota hic miram Dei erga suum Davidem providentiam. David enim hic erat in casu plane periculoso et implexo, ut cogeretur vel Achis regis esse proditor, si in praelio ad Saulem et Hebraeos deficeret; vel patriae et civium suorum esse hostis, si contra eos pugnaret. Sed Deus nodum hunc perplexum ense quasi abscidit. Immisit enim Philisteis diffidentiam de Davidis fide, et periculi metum quod subirent, si David in praelio ad suos Hebraeos terga verteret, cum iisque arma in Philisteos converteret, uti ante fecerat. Quare jubent illum e praelio recedere, et domum remitti. Fecit id Achis magno cum honore et laude Davidis aeque ac ejus militate et commodo. David enim e praelio recedens persecutus est Amalecitas, eisque spolia quae ex sua Siceleg rapuerant, abstulit cum opima ipsorummet praeda: quod si mansisset cum Achis, facere nequivisset.
29:9
9. SCIO QUIA BONUS ES TU IN OCULIS MEIS, SICUT ANGELUS DEI, — q. d. Summe mihi gratus es, summe mihi places, imo veneror te quasi Angelum Dei. Est comparatio et phrasis Hebraea, qua utuntur cum quempiam valde laudare et extollere volunt. Sic Jacob, ut Esau fratrem sibi infensum leniat, ei blanditur dicens: «Vidi faciem tuam quasi viderim vultum Dei,» Genes. xxxIII, 10. Et mulier Thecuitis pro Absalone supplicans Davidi, ait: «Sicut Angelus Domini, sic est dominus meus rex,» II Reg. xiv, 17.
29:1
APHEC (EBR. 'ĀPHĪQ E 'ĀPHĒQ « FORTEZZA » O « CORSO D'ACQUA »)
… Potrebbe invece identificarsi con l'A. di I Sam. 29, 1 (cf. sotto al n. 4).
SAUL (EBR. ŠĀ'ŪL « OTTENUTO CON LA PREGHIERA »)
… quale evocò l'ombra di Samuele, che predisse la sconfitta (ibid. 28, 8-23). Il giorno dopo Israele fu sgominato dai Filistei ad Aphec sul Gelboe, e con molti altri caddero 3 figli di S. (Gionata, Abinadab, Melchisua); S. si gettò sulla sua lancia (ibid. 29, 1; 31, 1-13). David lo pianse molto (II Sam. 1, 1-27). Un altro figlio di S. Isboseth (v.), sostenuto da Abner, regnerà poi due anni su Israele.
29:4
… Nei Settanta corrisponde al šāṭān (I Par. 21, 1; Iob., 1, 6-12; 2, 1-7; Ps. 108, 6; Zach. 3, 1-2) designante l'avversario dei servi di Dio; ma quando šāṭān, senz'articolo, indica un nemico umano (I Sam. 29, 4; II Sam. 19, 22; I Reg. 5, 4 [ebr. 18], e cf. 11, 14.23.25), è tradotto ἐπίβουλος «insidiatore». Διάβολος traduce šār e šōrēr («nemico»: Aman) in Esth. 7, 4 e 8, 1. Mentre la …
Gen. 26, 21, «accusa» Esd. 4, 6) ricorre nella Bibbia ebraica nove volte come nome comune: «avversario» in guerra (I Sam. 29, 4; I Reg. 5, 18; 11, 14, 23, 25) o in tribunale (Ps. 108, 6) o colui che sbarra la via: II Sam. 19, 23; cf. Mt. 16, 23 e Mt. 8, 33: Gesù respinge Pietro che gli ostacola la strada verso …
29:11
IEZRAEL (« DIO SEMINA », ALLUSIONE ALLA FERTILITÀ DEL SUOLO)
Prima della battaglia di Gelboe il re Saul si accampò con il suo esercito « alla fontana vicina a I. », mentre i Filistei si disposero a Sunam nella zona di I. (I Sam. 29, 11; II Sam. 4, 4). Scelta a seconda capitale dalla famiglia di Amri (v.), il re Achab si costruì un palazzo a oriente della città, attiguo ad una vigna, il cui proprietario, Naboth, …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.