Iosias repayreth the temple, and Diuine seruice. 8. The booke of law is found 11. wherupon they consult our Lord, 15. and are foretold that much euil shal fal vpon them, 18. but the good king shal dye in peace.
1Josias was eight years old when he began to reign: he reigned one and thirty years in Jerusalem: the name of his mother was Idida, the daughter of Hadaia, of Besecath.Josia aveva otto anni quando principiò a regnare, e regnò anni trentuno in Gerusalemme: sua madre ebbe nome Idida figliuola di Hadaia di Besecath.EIGHT yeares old was Iosias when he began to reigne, he reigned one and thirtie yeares in Ierusalem: the name of his mother was Idida, the daughter of Hadaia of Besecath.Octo annorum erat Josias cum regnare cœpisset: triginta et uno anno regnavit in Jerusalem: nomen matris ejus Idida filia Hadaia de Besecath. 2And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in all the ways of David, his father: he turned not aside to the right hand, or to the left.Ed egli fece quello, che era accetto nel cospetto del Signore, e imitò in tutto Davidde suo padre senza piegare né a destra, né a sinistra.And he did that which was liked before our Lord, and walked in al the waies of Dauid his father: he declined not to the right hand, or to the lefte.Fecitque quod placitum erat coram Domino, et ambulavit per omnes vias David patris sui: non declinavit ad dexteram, sive ad sinistram. 3And in the eighteenth year of king Josias, the king sent Saphan, the son of Assia, the son of Messulam, the scribe of the temple of the Lord, saying to him:E l'anno decimo ottavo del re Josia, egli mandò Saphan figliuolo di Assia, figliuolo di Messula, scrivano del tempio del Signore, e gli disse:And in the eightenth yeare of king Iosias, the king sent Saphan the sonne of Aslia, the sonne of Messulam, the scribe of the temple of our Lord, saying to him:Anno autem octavodecimo regis Josiæ, misit rex Saphan filium Aslia filii Messulam scribam templi Domini, dicens ei: 4Go to Helcias, the high priest, that the money may be put together which is brought into the temple of the Lord, which the doorkeepers of the temple have gathered of the people.Va da Helcia sommo Sacerdote, affinchè si fonda l'argento, che è stato portato al tempio del Signore, e ricevuto da' portinaj del tempio dalle mani del popolo,Goe to Helcias the high priest, that the money may be gathered into a summe, which hath beene brought into the temple of our Lord, which the porters of the temple haue gathered of the people,Vade ad Helciam sacerdotem magnum, ut confletur pecunia quæ illata est in templum Domini, quam collegerunt janitores templi a populo:
5And let it be given to the workmen by the overseers of the house of the Lord: and let them distribute it to those that work in the temple of the Lord, to repair the temple:E diasi agl'impresari dai prefetti della casa del Signore, i quali andranno pagando gli operai, che lavorano nel tempio del Signore ai risarcimenti del tempio;and let it be geuen to the workemen by the ouerseers of the house of our Lord: who also shal destribute it to them that worke in the temple of our Lord, to make the reparations of the temple:deturque fabris per præpositos domus Domini, qui et distribuant eam his qui operantur in templo Domini, ad instauranda sartatecta templi: 6That is, to carpenters and masons, and to such as mend breaches: and that timber may be bought, and stones out of the quarries, to repair the temple of the Lord.Viene a dire, i legnaiuoli, e muratori, e quei, che rassettano, che v'è di guasto; e ne compreranno i legnami, e le pietre dalle cave pel ristoramento del tempio del Signore.that is, to the carpenters and masons, and to them that mend broken places: and that timber may be bought, and stones out of the quarries to repayre the temple of our Lord.tignariis videlicet et cæmentariis, et iis qui interrupta componunt: et ut emantur ligna, et lapides de lapicidinis, ad instaurandum templum Domini. 7But let there be no reckoning made with them of the money which they receive, but let them have it in their power, and in their trust.Ma non si tengano a conto pel denaro, che riceveranno, ma lo maneggino liberamente sulla loro fede.Yet let not the money which they receiue be accounted to them, but let them haue it in their powre, and vpon their fidelitie.Verumtamen non supputetur eis argentum quod accipiunt, sed in potestate habeant, et in fide. 8And Helcias, the high priest, said to Saphan, the scribe: I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord: and Helcias gave the book to Saphan, and he read it.Or Helcia Pontefice disse a Saphan scrivano: Ho trovato nella casa del Signore il libro della legge. E diede Helcia il volume a Saphan, il quale ancora lo lesse.And Helcias the highe priest sayd to Saphan the scribe: I haue found the Booke of the law in the house of our Lord: and Helcias gaue the volume to Saphan, who also did reade it.Dixit autem Helcias pontifex ad Saphan scribam: Librum legis reperi in domo Domini. Deditque Helcias volumen Saphan, qui et legit illud. 9And Saphan, the scribe, came to the king, and brought him word again concerning that which he had commanded, and said: Thy servants have gathered together the money that was found in the house of the Lord: and they have given it to be distributed to the workmen, by the overseers of the works of the temple of the Lord.Indi Saphan scrivano tornò al re, e gli diede parte di quello, che si era fatto secondo gli ordini ricevuti da lui, e disse: I tuoi servi hanno fuso l'argento, che si è trovato nella casa del Signore: e lo hanno dato ai prefetti de' lavori del tempio del Signore, per distribuirlo agli impresari.Saphan also the scribe came to the king, and reported vnto him that which he had commanded, and sayd: Thy seruantes haue gathered into a summe the money, which is found in the house of our Lord: and they haue geuen it to be destributed to the workemen, by the ouerseers of the workes of the temple of our Lord.Venit quoque Saphan scriba ad regem, et renuntiavit ei quod præceperat, et ait: Conflaverunt servi tui pecuniam quæ reperta est in domo Domini, et dederunt ut distribueretur fabris a præfectis operum templi Domini.
10And Saphan, the scribe, told the king, saying: Helcias, the priest, hath delivered to me a book. And when Saphan had read it before the king,E oltre a questo Saphan scrivano raccontò, e disse al re: Helcia sommo Sacerdote mi ha dato un libro. E Saphan avendolo letto alla presenza del re,Saphan also the scribe told the king, saying: Helcias the priest hath geuen me a Booke. Which when Saphan had read before the king,Narravit quoque Saphan scriba regi, dicens: Librum dedit mihi Helcias sacerdos. Quem cum legisset Saphan coram rege, 11And the king had heard the words of the law of the Lord, he rent his garments.E avendo il re udite le parole della legge del Signore, stracciò le sue vesti,and the king had heard the wordes of the law of our Lord, he rent his garmentes.et audisset rex verba libri legis Domini, scidit vestimenta sua. 12And he commanded Helcias, the priest, and Ahicam, the son of Saphan, and Achobor, the son of Micha, and Saphan, the scribe, and Asaia, the king’s servant, saying:E ordinò, e disse ad Helcia sommo Sacerdote, e ad Ahicam figliuolo di Saphan, e ad Achobor figliuolo di Micha, e Saphan scrivano, e ad Asaia ministro del re:And he willed Helcias the priest, and Ahicam the sonne of Saphan, and Achobor the sonne of Micha, and Saphan the Scribe, and Asaia the kinges seruant, saying:Et præcepit Helciæ sacerdoti, et Ahicam filio Saphan, et Achobor filio Micha, et Saphan scribæ, et Asaiæ servo regis, dicens: 13Go and consult the Lord for me, and for the people, and for all Juda, concerning the words of this book which is found: for the great wrath of the Lord is kindled against us, because our fathers have not hearkened to the words of this book, to do all that is written for us.Andate, e consultate il Signore sopra di me, e sopra del popolo, e sopra tutto Giuda riguardo alle parole di questo libro, che si è trovato: imperocché l'ira grande del Signore è accesa contro di noi; perchè i padri nostri non hanno ascoltate le parole di questo libro, per mettere in opera tutto quello, che fu scritto per noi.Goe and consult our Lord for me, and for the people, and for al Iuda, concerning the wordes of this volume, which is found: for the great wrath of our Lord is kindled agaynst vs: because our fathers haue not heard the wordes of this Booke, to doe al that is writen for vs.Ite et consulite Dominum super me, et super populo, et super omni Juda, de verbis voluminis istius, quod inventum est: magna enim ira Domini succensa est contra nos, quia non audierunt patres nostri verba libri hujus, ut facerent omne quod scriptum est nobis.
14So Helcias, the priest, and Ahicam, and Achobor, and Saphan, and Asaia, went to Holda, the prophetess, the wife of Sellum, the son of Thecua, the son of Araas, keeper of the wardrobe, who dwelt in Jerusalem, in the Second: and they spoke to her.Andaron pertanto Helcia Sacerdote, e Ahicam, e Achobor, e Saphan, e Asaia a casa di Holda profetessa, moglie di Sellum, figliuolo di Thecua, figliuolo di Araas Guardarobba, la quale abitava in Gerusalemme nella Seconda: e parlarono con lei.Helcias therfore the priest, and Ahicam, and Achabor, and Saphan, and Asaia went to Holda a prophetesse the wife of Sellum the sonne of Thecua, the sonne of Araas keeper of the garmentes, who dwelt in Ierusalem in the second: and they spake to her.Ierunt itaque Helcias sacerdos, et Ahicam, et Achobor, et Sapham, et Asaia, ad Holdam prophetidem, uxorem Sellum filii Thecuæ filii Araas custodis vestium, quæ habitabat in Jerusalem in Secunda: locutique sunt ad eam. 15And she said to them: Thus saith the Lord, the God of Israel: Tell the man that sent you to me:Ed ella rispose loro: Il Signore Dio d'Israele dice così. Dite a lui, che vi ha mandati da me:And she answered them: Thus sayth our Lord the God of Israel: Tel the man, that sent you to me:Et illa respondit eis: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus Israël: Dicite viro qui misit vos ad me: 16Thus saith the Lord: Behold, I will bring evils upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, all the words of the law which the king of Juda hath read:Queste cose dice il Signore: Ecco, che io manderò sciagure sopra di questo luogo, e sopra i suoi abitanti, adempiendo tutte le parole della legge lette dal re di Giuda;Thus sayth our Lord: Behold, I wil bring euils vpon this place, and vpon the inhabitantes therof, al the wordes of the law which the king of Iuda hath read:Hæc dicit Dominus: Ecce ego adducam mala super locum istum, et super habitatores ejus, omnia verba legis quæ legit rex Juda: 17Because they have forsaken me, and have sacrificed to strange gods, provoking me by all the works of their hands: therefore my indignation shall be kindled against this place, and shall not be quenched.Perchè eglino hanno abbandonato me, e hanno offerti sagrifizi agli dei stranieri, provocandomi a sdegno con tutte le opere delle loro mani: e il mio sdegno si accenderà in questo luogo, e non si estinguerà più.because they haue forsaken me, and haue sacrificed to strange goddes, prouoking me in al the workes of their handes: and my indignation shal be kindled in this place, and shal not be quenched.quia dereliquerunt me, et sacrificaverunt diis alienis, irritantes me in cunctis operibus manuum suarum: et succendetur indignatio mea in loco hoc, et non extinguetur.
18But to the king of Juda, who sent you to consult the Lord, thus shall you say: Thus saith the Lord, the God of Israel: for as much as thou hast heard the words of the book,Ma al re di Giuda, il quale vi ha mandati a consultare il Signore, direte così: Queste cose dice il Signore Dio d'Israele: Perchè tu hai ascoltate le parole di questo libro,But to the king of Iuda, that sent you to consult our lord, thus you shal say: Thus sayth our Lord the God of Israel: For that thou hast heard the wordes of the volume,Regi autem Juda, qui misit vos ut consuleretis Dominum, sic dicetis: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus Israël: Pro eo quod audisti verba voluminis, 19And thy heart hath been moved to fear, and thou hast humbled thyself before the Lord, hearing the words against this place, and the inhabitants thereof, to wit, that they should become a wonder and a curse: and thou hast rent thy garments, and wept before me; I also have heard thee; saith the Lord.E il tuo cuore si è sbigottito, e ti sei umiliato dinanzi al Signore, avendo udito quello, che è stato detto contro di questo luogo, e contro i suoi abitatori, viene a dire, ch'ei diverranno oggetto di stupore, e di maledizione; e hai stracciate le tue vesti, e hai pianto dinanzi a me; io pur ti ho ascoltato, dice il Signore.and thy hart is striken with feare, and thou art humbled before the Lord, hearing the wordes agaynst this place, and the inhabitantes therof, to witte that they should become a wonder and a curse: and hast rent thy garmentes, and wept before me, and I haue heard it, sayth our Lord:et perterritum est cor tuum, et humiliatus es coram Domino, auditis sermonibus contra locum istum et habitatores ejus, quod videlicet fierent in stuporem et in maledictum: et scidisti vestimenta tua, et flevisti coram me, et ego audivi, ait Dominus: 20Therefore I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy sepulchre in peace; that thy eyes may not see all the evils which I will bring upon this place.Per questo ti riunirò co' padri tuoi, e in pace te n'anderai al tuo sepolcro, affinchè tu non abbi a vedere cogli occhi tuoi tutti que' mali, ch'io pioverò sopra di questo luogo.therfore I wil gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy sepulchre in peace, that thy eies may not see al the euils, which I wil bring in vpon this place.idcirco colligam te ad patres tuos, et colligeris ad sepulchrum tuum in pace, ut non videant oculi tui omnia mala quæ inducturus sum super locum istum.
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Year of the World 3363, Year before Christ 641.
Du Hamel
Eight years. After he had reigned other eight, being still but a boy, he began more seriously to seek the Lord, and purified his dominions, and the neighbouring country, from all the vestiges of idolatry, 2 Paralipomenon 33:3. He was one of the three most excellent kings of Juda, (Haydock) and might be said to be the last; as those who followed were displaced at pleasure by Egypt, etc. (Du Hamel)
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Year of the World 3380, Year before Christ 624.
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Pagnin
Together, so as to be reduced into a mass, and refined by fire. (Pagnin)
Haydock
Septuagint, "seal up the money." Protestants, "that he may sum the silver which," etc. (Haydock)
Let him make all be paid up that is due, (Piscator) and cease to demand any more.
Calmet
Door-keepers. Their office was of some consequence, 1 Paralipomenon 9:26, 29. (Calmet)
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Grotius
Overseers, or undertakers. (Grotius)
Haydock
People of the great respectability were selected, so that no reckoning with them was requisite, ver. 7. (Haydock)
Calmet
They were thus encouraged to do the work with greater perfection. (Calmet)
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Josephus
The book of the law, (that is, Deuteronomy.; Challoner.; St. Chrysostom, hom. 9. in Matthew) or the Pentateuch. (Josephus)
Haydock
Achaz, Manasses, and Amon, had burnt (R. Solomon) as many copies as they could, (Haydock) but some zealous priests had concealed this copy, in a box, in the wall of the temple, (Lyranus) or in the treasury adjoining it. The very hand writing of Moses, containing the record of the covenant, (or the 28, 29, 30, and 31st chapters of Deuteronomy) which was placed in (Calmet) or beside the ark, was now happily discovered. (Haydock)
It seems it had been misplaced, as the ark itself had been removed, 2 Paralipomenon 24:14., and 35:3. This venerable monument, and the dreadful menaces which it denounced, made the deepest impression upon all, as we should read the autographs of St. Matthew, etc., with far greater respect and emotion than we do the printed copies. It is not at all probably that all the books of Scripture had been destroyed, as there were always some religious souls in both kingdoms; and if some kings had already made the impious attempt, (Haydock) of which, however, they are never accused in Scripture, they would not have been able to carry their malicious designs into effect. Josias had, before his 18th year, made many excellent regulations, conformably to the law, which was well understood, and carefully preserved by the priests and prophets, (Calmet) 2 Paralipomenon 17:9.
Calmet
Read it. Scribes were generally chosen from among the Levites. (Calmet)
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Menochius
Garments, through zeal for God's honour, and fear of his indignation. (Menochius)
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Calmet
Holda. She is known only by this honourable embassy. It is rather wonderful that Jeremias was not consulted, as he had began to prophesy five years before. But he probably resided at Anathoth. Sophonias appeared, perhaps, only towards the end of the reign of Josias. (Calmet)
Challoner
The Second, a street, or part of the city so called; in Hebrew, Massem. (Challoner)
Haydock
The Septuagint retain this word, (Menochius) or rather, "in Masena;" Hebrew mishne. (Haydock)
Tirinus
Manasses inclosed Jerusalem with a second wall, (2 Paralipomenon 33:14.; Calmet) unless this was done by his father, 2 Paralipomenon 32:5. (Tirinus)
Calmet
Here Holda is said to have kept a school. (Calmet)
Vatable
Chaldean, "the house of doctrine," a place next in importance to the temple. (Vatable)
Menochius
St. Jerome speaks of this Second, as of a gate, or part of Jerusalem, between the inner and the outer wall. (Contra Pelag, 2 Irad. in 2 Par. and in Sophon. 1:10.) (Menochius)
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Calmet
Peace, before these horrors overtake the city. Josias was interred with all the usual honours, have[having?] fallen in battle, 4 Kings 23:29. (Calmet)
Haydock
Instead of peace, the Alexandrian Septuagint reads, "in Jerusalem," to which city Josias was brought from Mageddo, where he had perhaps rashly attacked the king of Egypt, with whom he had not been engaged in war. (Haydock)
Du Hamel
This last good king was given to Juda, that he people might not pretend that they were forced to embrace idolatry by the royal power. (St. Jerome) (Du Hamel)
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The book of the law.... That is, Deuteronomy.
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The Second.... A street, or part of the city, so called; in Hebrew, Massem.
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VVithin the second wall the citie hauing three wals. 3. Reg. 3.
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sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. Selections from the Letters of St. Ambrose 40.26
… Who is to avenge the heresy of the Valentinians? How can your piety avenge them, seeing it has commanded them to be excluded, and denied them permission to meet together? If I set before you Josiah as a king approved of God, will you condemn that in them which was approved in him?
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Socrate Scolastico † 440 d.C. The Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus 3.8
… for no one runs away from a mild and beneficent person, but from one who is of a barbarous and cruel disposition. Hence it was that ‘Every one that was discontented and in debt’ fled from Saul to David.
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sant'Ippolito † 235 d.C. On Daniel 6
Ver . 1 . “Called Joacim.” This Joacim, being a stranger in Babylon, obtains Susannah in marriage. And she was the daughter of Chelcias the priest,
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom 9
… For many of the prophetic writings have been lost; and this one may see from the history of the Chronicles. For being negligent, and continually falling into ungodliness, some they suffered to perish, others they themselves burnt up and cut to pieces. The latter fact Jeremiah relates; the former, he who composed the fourth book of Kings, saying, that after
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. Homilies on First Corinthians 7
… Paul, however, as being learned in the law and speaking by the Spirit, would of course know all with accuracy. And why speak I of the captivity? Even before the captivity many books had disappeared; the Jews having rushed headlong to the last degree of impiety: and this is plain from the end of the fourth book of Kings, (
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Afraate † 346 d.C. Aphrahat: Select Demonstrations 21.17
… Josiah cleansed the land of Israel from uncleanness; and Jesus cleansed and caused to pass away uncleanness from all the earth. Josiah hallowed and glorified the name of his God; and Jesus said:— I have glorified and will glorify (His Name ). Josiah because of the iniquity of Israel rent his clothes ;
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san Girolamo † 420 d.C. Against Jovinianus 1.25
… “The father to the children shall make known thy faithfulness.” Nor need we wonder that Huldah, the prophetess, and wife of Shallum, was
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sant'Agostino d'Ippona † 430 d.C. On Care to Be Had for the Dead 16
… and hast rent thy garments, and wept before Me, and I have heard thee, saith the Lord of Sabaoth: not so; behold, I will add thee unto thy fathers, and thou shalt be added unto them in peace; and thine eyes shall not see all the evils which I am bringing upon this place and upon them that dwell therein.”
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1. Octo annorum erat Josias, cum regnare coepisset. — Hoc nomen ei impositum fuit a Deo praedictumque ante 327 annos; tot enim fluxere a Roboam et Jeroboam usque ad Josiam, III Reg. xiii, 2. Josias enim Hebraice dicitur quasi יה שי ia seai, id est Dei munus vel oblatio, aut quasi אש יה ia es, id est Dei ignis, ob ejus zelum et ignita sacrificia, et quia idololatras igne combussit. Audi Auctorem operis imperfecti apud Chrysostomum, hom. 1 in Matth.: «Josias interpretatur hostia Domino, vel salus Domino. Providentia autem Dei, secundum quod futurus fuerat Josias, dispensavit ei nomen imponi, ubi est hostia Domino, aut salus Domini: quoniam vere in illo fuit hostia Domini. Tale enim sacrificium obtulit Domino Deo, quale nec ante eum aliquis regum, nec post eum. Et ipse fuit hostia Deo secundum quod mandat Apostolus: Ut exhibeatis corpora vestra hostiam vivam, sanctam, Deo placentem. Et ipse fuit populi sui in tempore suo a Deo salus.» Et inferius: «Tertius enim Josias est, cujus nomen prophetatum est priusquam nasceretur. Hi tres sunt: Samson, Josias, Joannes.»
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5. Ad instauranda sartatecta templi. — Josias in templi instauratione imitatus est suum proavum Joas regem Juda, ejusque methodum in instauratione secutus est.
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7. Non supputetur eis argentum, — id est non exigatur ab eis ratio et computus, sed fidei eorum omnis pecunia et sumptus credatur, quod Joas alia phrasi jusserat cap. xii, vers. 15, dicens: Non fiebat ratio iis hominibus, qui accipiebant pecuniam ut distribuerent eam artificibus, sed in fide tractabant eam.
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8. Librum legis reperi in templo Domini, — puta Deuteronomium, ut ait Chrysostomus, homil. 9 in cap. ii Matth., S. Athanasius, epist. ad Marcel., et Abulensis; vel totum Pentateuchum, ut ait Josephus, qui adjungit illud repertum in gazophylacio, dum ex eo acciperent aurum pro sartis templi tectis. Nimirum tempore impii Manassis, qui 55 annis regnavit, per tot annorum spatia adeo neglecta fuit lex, et profanatus Dei cultus, ut «liber legis,» tanquam res noviter inventa, scribatur, ait Cajetanus. Addit Lyranus ex R. Salomone impium Achaz, qui Manassis erat avus, combussisse libros legis, ne ab eis violatae legis et idololatriae argueretur. Quare sacerdotes clam librum legis abscondisse in muro templi a se perfosso et occluso: caementarios autem, dum jussu Josiae sartatecta templi instaurarent, invenisse librum, eumque detulisse ad Pontificem, et hunc ad regem Josiam.
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14. Ierunt itaque Helcias sacerdos, etc., ad Holdam prophetidem, uxorem (Septuaginta Sixtini habent, matrem) Sellum. — Hunc «Sellum» Hebraei tradunt fuisse avunculum patris Jeremiae. Cur non ierunt ad Jeremiam, qui tum prophetabat? Forte quia ab urbe aberat. Addit S. Hieronymus, lib. II Contra Pelagianos, in eo quod consulitur mulier, occultam regis, sacerdotum et omnium virorum reprehensionem esse, quod nullus virorum sanctus potuerit reperiri, qui posset futura praedicere. Denique «Holda» haec et senio, et prudentia, et sanctitate, et oraculis apud omnes erat celebris et venerabilis, aeque ac Debbora, Judic. cap. IV, et Anna mater Samuelis, I Reg. cap. II. Quae habitabat in Jerusalem in Secunda, — scilicet in ea urbis parte quae vocabatur «Secunda civitas,» juxta secundum (erant enim universim tres muri) urbis murum, ac juxta portam secundam, sive mediam, quae vocabatur «a piscium,» per quam ibatur in templum, unde per eam Chaldaei invaserunt Jerosolymam et templum. Ita S. Hieronymus, loco jam citato, Vilalpandus, Ribera, Salianus, Serarius et alii. Vide Adrichomium in Descript. Jerusalem. Chaldaeus pro «Secunda» vertit, domum doctrinae, id est scholam; Vatablus, locum dignitatis secundae a templo, quo loco dabatur opera eruditioni et doctrinae. In eo enim habitabant prophetae et doctores, ac inter eos Rechabitae. Hinc et Thalmud dividitur in Misnam et Gemaram. Misna enim secundam significat, quasi prima sit lex Moysis, secunda sit legis Thalmudica repetitio et explicatio.
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RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… religione di David, ma usando tolleranza verso il culto degli alti luoghi (così anche Iosaphat: I Reg. 22, 44); ben pochi meritano un elogio incondizionato per aver praticata pura e semplice la religione di Jahweh (Ezechia: II Reg. 18, 3 sgg.; Giosia: ibid. 22, 2). La formula conclusiva contiene: a) indicazione della fonte, a cui anche il lettore viene rinviato per più ampie informazioni (I Reg. 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Reg. 8, 23; 10, …
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… cui si voleva conferire autorità, è certo che i templi erano i luoghi preferiti per la custodia di scritti importanti, e che di questi scritti spesso si perdeva traccia, cosicché poi venivano effettivamente ritrovati. È inoppugnabile la storicità di II Reg. 22, 3-23, 24 e II Par. 34, 3-35, 19, ove probabilmente si parla anzi di tutto il Pentateuco. …
IEZONIA (EBR. JA'ĀZĀUJAH E JĒZAUJĀH [Ä] « JAHWEH ODE »)
… Non sembra che suo padre Saphan vada identificato con il segretario del re Iosia (II Reg. 22, 3, 4; Ier. 29, 3; ecc.).
1. Avo di Saphan, segretario di Iosia (II Reg. 22, 3).
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… di origine sacerdotale, che narrano la costruzione del Tempio (ibid. 6, 1-7, 50), la rivolta contro Athalia, organizzata dal sommo sacerdote Ioiada (II Reg. 11, 1-20), i restauri del Tempio sotto Ioas (ibid. 12, 1-16), la riforma religiosa di Giosia (ibid. 22, 3-23, 27) ecc.; altre, infine, d'origine profetica, donde l'invettiva di un profeta contro Ieroboam e l'altare costruito da lui in Bethel (I Reg. 13, 1-23), il rimprovero
22:8
… commissione di sacerdoti si recò da lei per sentire il responso di Dio. La profetessa confermò l'autenticità del testo ritrovato, proferì gravi minacce qualora non venisse osservato e predisse un'adeguata ricompensa per lo zelo riformatore del re Iosia (II Reg. 22, 8-20; II Par. 34, 8-28). L'episodio, che ebbe grande importanza nella religione ebraica, avvenne l'a. 18ª di Iosia, cioè nel 621 a. C. Angelo Penna
… Ad incoraggiare e stimolare il pio re sopravvenne un fatto assai importante: il ritrovamento del «libro della Töräh» nell'anno XVIII del suo regno (622 a. C.), durante i lavori di restauro nel Tempio (II Reg. 22, 8 sg.; II Par. 34, 8 sg.). …
22:12
… Che il codice ritrovato fosse un libro conosciuto a tutti in Israele, si rileva dal racconto biblico (II Reg. 22, 12).
MICHA (EBR. MIKHĀH, ABBREVIAZIONE DI MIKHĀJĀH « CHI [È] COME JAHWEH? »)
… Per altri personaggi omonimi, di cui in genere si conosce solo il nome, cf. II Reg. 22, 12; I Par. 5, 5; 8, 34-35; 22, 20; Neh. 11, 17-22. Angelo Penna
22:14
Caduta nel 721 Samaria, la capitale accolse molti profughi che andarono ad aumentare il quartiere mišneh o nuova città 'ir mišneh (II Reg. 22, 14; II Par. 34, 22; Neh. 11, 14) che s'era venuto formando fuori delle mura della città e che Ezechia (716), nell'imminenza dell'invasione di Sennacherib, protesse con la creazione di …
… Era moglie di Sellum, guardarobiere del re, ed abitava nel nuovo quartiere a nord-ovest di Gerusalemme (II Reg. 22, 14; II Par. 34, 22).
2. S. figlio di Thecua e marito della profetessa Holda, custode delle vesti sacerdotali al tempo del re Iosia (v.) (II Reg. 22, 14; II Par. 34, 22); alcuni pensano che sia lo stesso S. zio del profeta Geremia (Jer. 32, 7).
22:28
… Riuscite vane le trattative da parte del Faraone per ottenere il passaggio, si venne a battaglia; combattendo, I. fu ferito gravemente e morì di lì a poco (II Reg. 22, 28-30; II Par. 35, 20-25). La sua morte (609 a. C.) fu un'irreparabile sciagura per il Regno di Giuda ed il preludio della catastrofe finale (v. IOAKIM; IOACHIN).
22:29
… Costrui centri fortificati in tutto il paese; concepì anche l'idea di allestire, come già aveva fatto Salomone, una spedizione di «navi di Taršīš» (ossia navi da lungo corso) per caricare oro ad Ophir: ma l'impresa fallì, poiché le navi si sfasciarono ad Ašon-Gaber (II Reg. 22, 29). I. fece pace e amicizia con il re d'Israele Achab, sigillandola con il matrimonio di suo figlio Ioram (v.) con Athalia figlia di Achab: grave errore, che gli venne fortemente rimproverato …
22:44
… alture», disseminati qua e là per il regno e tollerati prima della costruzione del Tempio, ed «i pali sacri», oggetti di culto idolatrico in onore della dea cananea 'Ašērāh o Astarte: ma non vi riuscì del tutto, almeno per le cosiddette alture o bāmōh (II Reg. 22, 44 e II Par. 20, 33: il popolo continuò ivi a sacrificare e bruciare incenso); ciò che peraltro non diminuisce il merito del pio re.
22:47
… più fervente pratica della religione (II Par. 19, 4). Tolsè via dal paese i qēdhēlim o protettuti (sacerdoti idolatri dediti ad infami riti), che infestavano da tempi più remoti il paese e che Asa suo padre non era riuscito a togliere del tutto (II Reg. 22, 47). Si adoperò anche per rimuovere «gli altari delle alture», disseminati qua e là per il regno e tollerati prima della costruzione del Tempio, ed «i pali sacri», oggetti di culto idolatrico …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.