MOYÉ, Jean-Martin, Venerable
Missionary apostolic, founder of the Sisters of Providence in Lo
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MOZAMBICUE — MOZARABIC LITURGY
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### Mozambique
1) State or Colony borders;
2) drainage borders;
3) railways.
The population is about 5 million, composed of Bantu, mulattos, and about 30,000 Europeans. The capital, Lourenço Marques (70,000 inhabitants), is the main port, outlet of neighboring Transvaal.
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### EVANGELIZATION
The activity of the clergy on the small island of Mozambique along the southeastern coast of Africa, which since 1500 had served as a stopover on voyages to India, was limited to the Portuguese. Only in 1559 did the Jesuits from Goa begin the mission among the indigenous people in Inhambane and in the Kingdom of Monomotapa. After initial successes, the mission ended with the martyrdom of Fr. Gonzalo da Silveira.
From 1563 the Dominicans began evangelizing the indigenous people along the Zambezi River. In 1607 the Jesuits returned to work among the blacks. In 1612 Mozambique was detached from the archdiocese of Goa as a perpetual vicariate or administrator; from 1783 it became a prelature with a titular bishop. The mission among the blacks made progress, extending after the Portuguese victory over Monomotapa in 1629 even to that kingdom. But in the 17th century the mission began to decline, caused by fierce resistance and the leaders of Islam, the slave trade, and the defection of capable missionaries. After the Jesuits were expelled in 1759, missionary activity declined even further, so much so that in 1822 the Dominicans, the only missionaries left, served only 6 churches in total. With the suppression of religious orders in Portugal and its colonies in 1834, the mission was practically ended. Only toward the end of the century was missionary activity resumed by the Jesuits, who arrived in 1881 in the lower Zambezi; with great sacrifices they founded 7 stations and conversions multiplied. The Portuguese mission in Mozambique itself was renewed through the work of the prelate António José de Sousa Barroso (1861–97), who founded several stations entrusted to zealous secular priests. However, their number was too small to achieve large-scale success. In 1898 the Portuguese Franciscans came to assist. The Jesuits were again expelled after the Portuguese Revolution of 1910. They were succeeded by the Society of the Divine Word in the Zambezi mission, who were themselves expelled due to the world war in 1915; secular clergy and Franciscans took their place. In 1922 the Montfort Missionaries began a mission in Mozambique, and in 1926 the Consolata Missionaries; both achieved slow and limited results among the Makua population or under Islamic influence. The missionary agreement of 1940 between the Holy See and Portugal established the division of Mozambique into 3 dioceses: the archdiocese of Lourenço Marques with the suffragans of Beira and Nampula. New missionary forces arrived. In Lourenço Marques, whose archbishop, Teodósio Clemente de Gouveia (prelate from 1936, archbishop from 1941), was honored by Pius XII in 1946 with the cardinal’s hat, there worked, in addition to the secular clergy and Franciscans, the Missionaries of the Society of Cucujães, the Dutch Eucharistines (from 1947), and the Lazarists in the seminary (from 1942). In the diocese of Beira, the Franciscans worked in the coastal region, the Jesuits rebuilt the Zambezi mission, and since 1945 the White Fathers were entrusted with their own territory. In the diocese of Nampula, the Missionaries of Cucujães, the Montfort Missionaries, the Consolata Missionaries, and since 1947 the Capuchins were at work. This new organization gave new life to those missions that do not depend on Propaganda but on the Sacred Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs. The number of Catholics rose from 30,000 in 1936 to 131,000 in 1947 among a total population of 5 million.