PRISCA, SANTA

Image from page 44
Image from page 44

PRISCA, Saint. — At Rome in the 7th century a martyr named P. was commemorated on January 18, also recorded in the Gregorian Sacramentary. The same-century itineraries place her burial in the cemetery of Priscilla on the Via Salaria nova. In some manuscripts of the Gregorian Martyrology, however, on the same date a Priscilla buried on the same Via Salaria is commemorated, who was probably the eponym of that cemetery.

The Passio, probably from the 8th century, is nothing but a reworking of that of Tatiana, and like it legendary. At Rome there already existed in the 5th century a “titulus Priscae,” mentioned in an inscription and in the Synod of 499; in the 6th century it is called, as in similar cases, “sanctae Priscae”; in the 8th century the foundress was identified with P., the wife of Aquila spoken of by St. Paul (Rom. 16:3; 1 Cor. 16:19) and the Acts of the Apostles (18:2, 18). The title was therefore connected with St. Peter himself. Recent excavations showed that it was built over a mithraeum.

BIBL.: Lib. Pont., I, pp. 501, 507; Acta SS. Yannarii, II, Paris 1863, pp. 547–52; J. P. Kirsch, Die römischen Titelkirchen im Altertum, Paderborn 1918, pp. 101–103, 162 sq.; F. Lanzoni, I titoli presbiteriali di Roma antica..., in Riv. di arch. crist., 2 (1925), pp. 247–50; Martyr. Hieronymianum, p. 47; Martyr. Romanum, p. 26; M. Armellini, Le chiese di Roma dal sec. IV al XIX (ed. C. Cecchelli), Rome 1942, pp. 705–9, 1920; A. Ferrara, Il mitreo sotto la chiesa di S. P., in Bollettino della commis. archeol.-comunale, 68 (1940), p. 59 sq.; R. Valentini–G. Zucchetti, Codice topografico della città di Roma, II, ibid. 1942, pp. 77, 278. Agostino Amore