Josaphat’s charge to the judges and to the Levites.
Iosaphat being reproued by a prophet for yelding help to Achab, 5. appoynteth Iudges in seueral cities, admonishing them to doe iustice. 8. exhorteth Priestes and Leuites to execute their sunctious carefully. 11. Amarias High Priest directing and ruling in thinges belonging to God, Zabedias general captayne gouerneth the kinges affayres.
1And Josaphat king of Juda returned to his house in peace to Jerusalem.E Josaphat re di Giuda se ne tornò sano, e salvo a casa sua a Gerusalemme.AND Iosaphat the king of Iuda returned into his house peaceably, into Ierusalem.Reversus est autem Josaphat rex Juda in domum suam pacifice in Jerusalem. 2And Jehu the son of Hanani the seer met him, and said to him: Thou helpest the ungodly, and thou art joined in friendship with them that hate the Lord, and therefore thou didst deserve indeed the wrath of the Lord:E andogli incontro il Profeta Jehu figliuolo di Hanani, e gli disse: Tu dai aiuto a un empio, e stringi amicizia con gente, che odia il Signore, e per questo ti meritavi l'ira del Signore:Whom Iehu the sonne of Hanani the Seer mette, and sayd to him: To the impious man thou geuest ayde, and to them that hate our Lord thou art ioyned in frendship, and therfore thou didst deserue in deed the wrath of our Lord:Cui occurrit Jehu filius Henani videns, et ait ad eum: Impio præbes auxilium, et his qui oderunt Dominum amicitia jungeris, et idcirco iram quidem Domini merebaris: 3But good works are found in thee, because thou hast taken away the groves out of the land of Juda, and hast prepared thy heart to seek the Lord the God of thy fathers.Ma si sono trovate in te delle buone opere, perchè tu hai spiantati i boschetti dalla terra di Giuda, e hai rivolto il cuor tuo a cercare il Signore Dio de' padri tuoi.but good workes are found in thee, for that thou hast taken away the groues out of the land of Iuda, and hast prepared thy hart to seeke our Lord the God of thy fathers.sed bona opera inventa sunt in te, eo quod abstuleris lucos de terra Juda, et præparaveris cor tuum ut requireres Dominum Deum patrum tuorum. 4And Josaphat dwelt at Jerusalem: and he went out again to the people from Bersabee to mount Ephraim, and brought them back to the Lord the God of their fathers.Abitò adunque Josaphat in Gerusalemme: e andò di nuovo a visitare il popolo da Bersabee fino alle montagne di Ephraim, e li fe' ritornare al Signore Dio de' padri loro.Iosaphat therfore dwelt in Ierusalem: and he went forth to the people agayne from Bersabee vnto mount Ephraim, and recalled them to our Lord the God of their fathers.Habitavit ergo Josaphat in Jerusalem, rursumque egressus est ad populum de Bersabee usque ad montem Ephraim, et revocavit eos ad Dominum Deum patrum suorum. 5And he set judges of the land in all the fenced cities of Juda, in every place.E pose dei giudici in tutte le città forti di Giuda, e in ogni luogo;And he appoynted iudges of the land in al the fensed cities of Iuda, in euerie place,Constituitque judices terræ in cunctis civitatibus Juda munitis per singula loca,
6And charging the judges, he said: Take heed what you do: for you exercise not the judgment of man, but of the Lord: and whatsoever you judge, it shall redound to you.E dando i suoi ordini a' giudici, diceva: Badate a quel, che fate; perocché voi fate le veci non di un uomo, ma di Dio: e i vostri giudizj, qualunque ei siano, cadranno sopra di voi.and commanding the iudges, he sayd: Take heede what you doe: for you exercise not the iudgement of man, but of our Lord: and whatsoeuer you shal iudge, it shal redound to you.et præcipiens judicibus: Videte, ait, quid faciatis: non enim hominis exercetis judicium, sed Domini: et quodcumque judicaveritis, in vos redundabit. 7Let the fear of the Lord be with you, and do all things with diligence: for there is no iniquity with the Lord our God, nor respect of persons, nor desire of gifts.Sia con voi il timor del Signore, e fate ogni cosa con esattezza: imperocché ingiustizia non è presso al Signore Dio nostro, né accettazione di persone, né bramosia di doni.Let the feare of our Lord be with you, and with diligence doe al thinges: for there is no iniquitie with the Lord our God, nor acception of personnes, nor desyre of giftes.Sit timor Domini vobiscum, et cum diligentia cuncta facite: non est enim apud Dominum Deum nostrum iniquitas, nec personarum acceptio, nec cupido munerum. 8In Jerusalem also Josaphat appointed Levites, and priests and chiefs of the families of Israel, to judge the judgment and the cause of the Lord for the inhabitants thereof.E parimente in Gerusalemme Josaphat nominò dei Leviti, e dei sacerdoti, e dei capi delle famiglie d'Israele, affinchè a nome del Signore rendesser ragione a' suoi cittadini.In Ierusalem also Iosaphat appoynted Leuites, and Priestes, and princes of families of Israel, that they should iudge the iudgement and cause of our Lord to the inhabitantes therof.In Jerusalem quoque constituit Josaphat Levitas, et sacerdotes, et principes familiarum ex Israël, ut judicium et causam Domini judicarent habitatoribus ejus. 9And he charged them, saying, Thus shall you do in the fear of the Lord faithfully, and with a perfect heart.E intimò loro, e disse: Vi diporterete con fedeltà, e con cuore perfetto nel timor del Signore.And he commanded them, saying: Thus shal you doe in the feare of our Lord faithfully, and with a perfect hart.Præcepitque eis, dicens: Sic agetis in timore Domini fideliter et corde perfecto. 10Every cause that shall come to you of your brethren, that dwell in their cities, between kindred and kindred, wheresoever there is question concerning the law, the commandment, the ceremonies, the justifications: shew it them, that they may not sin against the Lord, and that wrath may not come upon you and your brethren: and so doing you shall not sin.In qualunque lite tra famiglia, e famiglia de' vostri fratelli dimoranti nelle loro città, la qual lite sia portata a voi, ogni volta che si tratti della legge, de' comandamenti, delle cerimonie, o de' precetti, voi gl'istruirete, affinchè non pecchino contro il Signore, e affinchè non piombi l'ira di Dio sopra di voi, e sopra i vostri fratelli: e così facendo non peccherete.Euerie cause, that shal come to you of your brethren, that dwel in their cities, betwen kinred and kinred, whersoeuer there is question of the law, of the commandement, of ceremonies, of iustifications: shew it them, that they sinne not agaynst our Lord, and lest there come wrath vpon you and your brethren: so doing therfore you shal not sinne.Omnem causam quæ venerit ad vos fratrum vestrorum, qui habitant in urbibus suis inter cognationem et cognationem, ubicumque quæstio est de lege, de mandato, de cæremoniis, de justificationibus: ostendite eis, ut non peccent in Dominum, et ne veniat ira super vos et super fratres vestros: sic ergo agentes non peccabitis.
11And Amarias the priest your high priest shall be chief in the things which regard God: and Zabadias the son of Ismahel, who is ruler in the house of Juda, shall be over those matters which belong to the king’s office: and you have before you the Levites for masters, take courage and do diligently, and the Lord will be with you in good things.E Amaria Sacerdote, e Pontefice vostro avrà giurisdizione in tutto quello che spetta al Signore: e Zabadia figliuolo d'Ismahel, principe della casa di Giuda, presiederà a tutti gli affari riguardanti l'officio del re: e avete con voi per maestri i Leviti: fatevi cuore, e siate diligenti, e il Signore sarà con voi, e faravvi del bene.And Amarias the priest and your Bishop shal be chiefe in these thinges, which pertayn to God: moreouer Zabadias the sonne of Ismahel, who is the prince in the house of Iuda, shal be ouer those workes, which pertayne to the kinges office: and you haue maisters the Leuites before you, take courage, and doe diligently, and our Lord wil be with the good.Amarias autem sacerdos et pontifex vester in his quæ ad Deum pertinent, præsidebit: porro Zabadias filius Ismahel, qui est dux in domo Juda, super ea opera erit quæ ad regis officium pertinent: habetisque magistros Levitas coram vobis. Confortamini, et agite diligenter, et erit Dominus vobiscum in bonis.
19:1
Year of the World 3107.
19:2
Haydock
Thou. Septuagint, "O king Josaphat, if thou helpest the sinner; or, wilt thou befriend one hated by the Lord?" Protestants, "shouldst thou....love them that hate the Lord?" (Haydock)
Worthington
The Donatists hence inferred, that it was not lawful to converse with sinners. But St. Augustine (contra ep. Par. 2:18.) replied, that Josaphat was blamed for aiding Achab in the contempt of the true prophet, and for going to battle conformably to the predictions of impostors. Both kings offended, but in a different degree. (Worthington)
Tirinus
We must also keep at as great a distance as possible from the notorious enemies of God, as their conversation is dangerous. (Tirinus)
Evil communications corrupt the best of manners. See Psalm cxxxviii., etc.
19:3
Haydock
Works. Septuagint, "words." Protestants, "things." (Haydock)
Tirinus
The merit of Josaphat screened him from punishment. (Tirinus)
Menochius
Prepared. Septuagint, "directed." (Menochius)
Syriac, "disposed." Faith teaches that we can do no good of ourselves, but that we have free will to choose either good or evil.
19:4
19:6
Haydock
And whatsoever. Hebrew, "who is with you in the judgment." The Lord will confirm your just decisions, and punish your injustice. (Haydock)
Calmet
God stood in the synagogue of gods, or judges, Psalm 81:1. Judges ought not so much to regard man as God, when they pass sentence. (Calmet)
Tirinus
How then will the Anabaptists deny that a man may sit in judgment? (Tirinus)
19:7
Haydock
Gifts. The contrary is the source of so much corruption. (Haydock)
Tirinus
It would be proper to inscribe this sentence on the walls of all courts of judicature, or rather on the hearts of all in office. (Tirinus)
Calmet
None but the true religion can produce such maxims. (Calmet)
19:8
Calmet
And the. Hebrew, "of the Lord, and for disputes among the people among themselves, (Haydock) and they returned, (ver. 4) or dwelt at Jerusalem." (Calmet)
Septuagint, "to judge the inhabitants of," etc. Josephus ([Antiquities?] 9:1.) says, "he returned." Syriac, "And being returned....he exhorted."
19:10
Menochius
Cities. He addressed the judges of the capital, to whom appeals might be made. (Calmet) (Menochius)
Kindred, with respect to inheritances and matrimonial cases. Hebrew, "blood," or murder, whether casual or wilful.
19:11
Amarias, (1 Paralipomenon 6:11.) or rather Azarias, the father of Johanan, 1 Paralipomenon 5:9.
Calmet
Office, in civil matters. (Calmet)
Tirinus
Here is a plain distinction between the spiritual and temporal authority, instituted by God, Deuteronomy xvii., and Numbers xxvii. (Worthington) (Tirinus)
Masters. Hebrew shoterim, to execute the sentence; (Du Hamel) or "officers."
Haydock
You. Protestants, "with the good." (Haydock)
19:2
Precisian Donatistes holding it vnlawful to conuerse with sinners amongst other Scriptures alleaged 〈…〉 reprehention of Iosa••• for his societie with Achab. To whom S. Augustin answereth, that he was not blamed for other conuersation with Achab, but for ayding him, and, ioyning with him in the act of sinne, when he contemning Micheas the true prophete of God, and beleuing false prophetes went to battel wherin both kinges offended, but with difference; so one was sa••e though he semed to be secure, the other was saued in great danger. and repenting was pardoned li. 2. c. 1•. 〈◊〉. opist Parmen.
19:11
A most plame distinction of spiritual and temporal authoritie and offices, not instituted by Iosaphat, nor anie other king, but by God himself. Deut. 17. Num. 27.
19:2
St Jerome † AD 420 Against the Pelagians 2
xix. 2 . He is rebuked for joining with Ahab.
Pope St Gregory I the Great † AD 604 The Book of Pastoral Rule 3.22
… and therefore thou didst deserve indeed the wrath of the Lord : nevertheless there are good works found in thee, in that thou hast taken away the graves out of the land of Judah (
19:7
St Augustine of Hippo † AD 430 Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament 3.16
16. This conversation of well-doing, of perseverance in well-doing, of hoping for rewards above, of the secret dispensation of the grace of God, in wisdom not in foolishness, nor yet in finding fault, because one man is after this manner and another after that; for “there is no iniquity with God;”
19:2
2. YOU GIVE AID TO THE IMPIOUS, AND YOU JOIN YOURSELF IN FRIENDSHIP WITH THOSE WHO HATE THE LORD, — and by affinity, giving your daughter to the impious Ahab, namely Athaliah, as wife to your son Joram. For it is unworthy that we should make friends of those who are enemies of God, and whose God is an enemy; unless necessity or great utility compels it, and it is equally dangerous, as appeared from the outcome. For Athaliah perverted Joram and the Jews. Whence David, Psalm CXXXVIII, 21, professes that he is an enemy of the enemies of God: "Did not I hate them, O Lord, that hated thee, and pine away because of thy enemies? I have hated them with a perfect hatred, and they are become enemies to me." Wherefore God subjoins through Jehu the prophet: AND FOR THIS REASON YOU HAVE DESERVED THE WRATH (chastisement and sharp vengeance) OF THE LORD; BUT GOOD WORKS HAVE BEEN FOUND IN YOU, — namely of piety, and zeal in overthrowing idolatry, and in defending and promoting the worship of God, on account of which God forgives you all guilt, and likewise punishment.
19:6
6. FOR YOU DO NOT EXERCISE THE JUDGMENT OF MAN, BUT OF THE LORD, — that is to say, You are vicars not so much of me as of God, appointed by God through me as judges of his people, that you may judge him justly and holily; wherefore he himself will exact from you a strict account of justice either rendered or neglected, and will reward or punish according to merits. Let princes and judges think on this and often turn it over in their minds; namely that they exercise the judgment of God, and therefore let them judge before God as truly and sincerely as God himself would judge, and as he himself will show them it ought to be judged on the day of judgment. Whoever thinks this is not bent from the right path of justice by favor, nor by friendship, nor by gifts, nor by threats. For as he subjoins: FOR THERE IS NO INIQUITY WITH THE LORD OUR GOD, — that is, as the Septuagint has it, injustice; the Hebrew עולה aula, that is perversity, or perversion and subversion of justice, so that he would accept either persons or gifts, as follows. Thus Vatablus.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
19:2
… Asa, irritated, had him imprisoned (II Chron. 16, 7-10). He is probably the father of the prophet Jehu (I Kings 16, 1-7; II Chron. 19, 2; 20, 34).
… In fact we find him again some thirty years later, when he reproaches the king of Judah Jehoshaphat (v.) for having formed a friendship and a family alliance with the impious king Ahab (II Chron. 19:2 ff.). …
… Kings 22, 29). J. made peace and friendship with the king of Israel Ahab, sealing it with the marriage of his son Jehoram (v.) to Athaliah daughter of Ahab: a grave error, which was strongly reproached to him by the prophet Jehu (v.) son of Hanani (II Chron. 19, 2; cf. 20, 37). This friendship not only brought the king of Judah to a gradual condition of inferiority with respect to the king of Israel, but, worse, exposed his kingdom and his family …
… Nathan (II Sam. 7:2; etc.); under Solomon: Ahijah (I Reg. 11:20; etc.); Shemaiah under Rehoboam; a "man of God" under Jeroboam; Jehu under Baasa (ibid. 12:22; 13; 16:1); Hanani under Asa; Jehu, Jahaziel, Eliezer under Jehoshaphat (II Par. 16:7-10; 19:2; 20:14, 37); Elijah (v.); Micaiah, son of Imlah (I Reg. 22:8-28); Elisha (v.); Jonah, under Jeroboam II (II Reg. 14:25). There follow the prophets whose writings are preserved …
19:4
… instructions to the people with the book of the Law in hand in all the cities of Judah (II Chron. 17, 7-9). He himself traversed the whole country from Beersheba to the mountains of Ephraim, to recall the people to a more fervent practice of religion (II Chron. 19, 4). He removed from the country the qēdhēshim or prostitutes (idolatrous priests devoted to infamous rites), who had infested the country from more remote times and whom Asa his father …
19:11
Azarias (Hebrew: 'Azaryah[û] «Yahweh helps»)
… Another A. (son of Johanan), his descendant, was the father of Amariah (ibid. 6:10-11), high priest under King Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 19:11); he seems to have been high priest under King Asa. A third A. was high priest under Uzziah, whom he energetically prevented from offering incense in the sanctuary (ibid. 26:16-20), …
1. I., father of Zabadiah: his son was one of the nobles of Judah under King Jehoshaphat (v.) and an active collaborator in the work of reform (II Par. 19, 11).
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.